Oral

Microbiology
DHYG 215
 Course Information
+ Schedule

Schedule Introductions

Introduction to
Microbiology
 Land
acknowledgem
ent
About me
• Originally from Prince Rupert
• Graduate of the College of
Dentistry at the U of S in 2007
• 2001 BSc UBC

Taught English in Japan for 2

years

Worked as a general dentist for

13 years in Victoria and
Nelson, BC
I have 2 kids and I love to be
outside.
Any
questions
for me?
About the
program?
 About this
course....
What are your expectations?
What have you heard?
Course Outline

Course Syllabus Course

resources
Course Schedule
can be
accessed
through
Assignments
Moodle
Lectures
 We meet 2x/week for 1.5 hours (T 8:30-1/F 1:30-3) for 15
weeks.

Every session will have its own Moodle Toggle with learning
How this objectives and recommended readings listed as well as a
copy of the student notes.

class Q: Do you prefer PPT? PDF?

works: Class time will consist of lectures and exercises, in class

labs and some non-graded quizzes, polls etc.
There is a lot of info in this class and these exercises are
key to keeping up with the information and helping to
retain it.
Course
Organization
• General microbiology, cellular
structure
• Infection control
• Mechanisms of disease
• Assignment: Infectious disease
• Microbial diseases that pertain to
dentistry

See Schedule in Moodle

Course Learning Objectives
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Classify and describe the distribution of microorganisms.

2. Describe and explain the basic biological and biochemical principles related to nutrition, growth, death, and
metabolism of microorganisms.
3. Describe and explain the action of various physical, chemical, and biological agents on the vital processes of
microorganisms.
4. Explain the principles of sterilization and disinfection to clinical dental hygiene practice.
5. Explain why infection control is important in a dental environment.
6. Describe effective aseptic techniques in patient treatment.
7. Describe the role of the immune system in the prevention, causation and resolution of disease.
8. Describe and explain, at an elementary level, the systems that govern host-parasite interaction.
9. Describe and classify the basic mechanism of pathogenesis of infectious diseases.
10. Identify and describe the important factors that contribute to the oral ecosystem.
11. Explain the role of specific oral flora in periodontal diseases and dental caries.
12. Demonstrate correct use of caries activity testing.
 •Introduction to microbiology
•Scope of microbiology
•Germ theory of disease
•Biologically important molecules
•Host/microbe relationships
•Immunity
•Viruses

Course •Infection control/Asepsis (application of hand hygiene test)

•Sterilization and disinfection (application of Quality assurance

Content testing)
•Normal oral flora
•Oral microbial diseases
•Dental biofilm (plaque)
•Saliva and application of saliva quality and quantity testing
•Microorganisms that promote periodontal disease
•Microorganisms that promote dental caries
•Theory and application of caries activity testing
1. Bauman RW. Microbiology with diseases by body system. 5th
ed. San Francisco: Pearson; 2017. (Recommended)
2. College of Dental Hygienists of British Columbia. Infection
prevention and control guidelines: Victoria BC; CDHBC;c2017[
Jul 2012; cited Jan 2017]. Available from:
http://www.cdhbc.com/Documents/Infection-Prevention.aspx
3. College of Dental Hygienists of British Columbia.
Infection prevention and control and oral health care
during the COVID 19 pandemic: Victoria BC; CDHBC; Jul
Required
2022. Available from:
https://www.cdhbc.com/News-Events/COVID-19/COVID-
19-IPAC-Oral-Health-Care-July-2022.aspx
Texts
4. Class Handouts and Moodle
SUPPLEMENTAL RESOURCES:
5. Other course textbooks as needed
 Evaluation

STUDENT EVALUATION LETTER GRADE / PERCENTAGES

A+ 90 % - 100 %

Assignment 30% A 85 % - 89.9 %

Midterm 1 20% A- 80 % - 84.9 %

Midterm 2 20% B+ 76 % - 79.9 %

Final Exam (Cumulative) 30% B 72 % - 75.9 %

B- 68 % - 71.9 %

F 0 % - 67.9%

Note: Students must achieve a minimum B- in dental hygiene courses

to progress in the program
Late assignments and missed
exams
• Assignment
• Communicable Diseases (30%) - Group Work
• 10% Table
• 20% Oral Presentation
• 5% will be deducted per day if the assignment is late​to a maximum
of 5 days
• Due into Moodle by the specified time, date and format
• In the instance an exam is missed a valid reason is to be
supplied with documentation​
• Eg. medical situation, family emergency
• Arrangements will be made to write a new exam
 • In the instance an exam is missed a
valid reason is to be supplied with
Missed documentation
• Eg. medical situation, family
exam emergency
• Arrangements will be made to write a
new exam
 T Nov 22 Communicable
F Oct 7 Midterm #1(20%)
Disease Assignment

Highlight 4 Nov.

s: 7 Oct. 22 Nov.

F Nov 4 Midterm #2
(20%)
 As adult learners:​
• Your responsibility to learn all material presented in
lectures, readings, assignments in order to
be successful. ​
• Your responsibility to reach out to your instructor when
you are struggling to understand concepts​
• Your responsibility to be on time to class​

Responsibilit • Your responsibility to use your time wisely in class​

ies As an educator:​
• I am responsible to facilitate your learning and provide
effective instruction.​
• Support you and be available for additional instruction​
• Be on time and prepared to class​
• Ensure material is covered in class and in a
timely manner
Accessibility services
• ​Students who require academic accommodations as a
result of a disability should advise both the instructor
and Accessibility Services. Students requiring support
should familiarize themselves with the Accommodations
for Students with Disabilities policy. ​
• http://tools.cnc.bc.ca/CNCPolicies/policyFiles.ashx?polId
=137
Plagiarism
• Students are expected to conduct themselves with academic integrity and in accordance with CNC’s
established standards of conduct. Penalties for misconduct, including plagiarism, cheating and personal
misconduct are outlined in the Standards of Conduct: Student Responsibility and
Accountability document found in the policies section of CNC’s website. All students should familiarize
themselves with this document. http://cnc.bc.ca/Visiting/CNC_Policies.htm​

• Sanctions for academic misconduct include: ​

• • Level 1 - For most first offences, the instructor will assign a grade of zero for the affected assignment,
test, paper, project, lab etc.; ​
• •Level 2 - For most second offences, the instructor will assign a failing grade in the affected course; ​
• • Level 3 - Depending on the circumstances surrounding the first or second offence, a more severe level
of discipline may be imposed by the College, including denial of admission or re-admission to a course
and/or a program; ​
• • Level 4 - For any third offence, the matter must be referred to the Executive Vice President Academic
for assignment of a sanction, which may include suspension or expulsion from the College.
 M 8-9, T 12:30-1:30, Th
1-2, F 3-5
Office
Hours
By appointment, email
me @
[email protected]
Any
questions?
Introductio
ns…
Lets take a
break!
 Lesson 1
Chapter 1
Introduction to Microbiology
Bauman Ch 1
Learning
Objectives
1. Define microbiology
2. Explain the Germ Theory of
Disease and why it is important.
3. Differentiate prokaryotic from
eukaryotic organisms
4. Identify and describe the 6
groups of microorganisms
5. Describe the scope of
microbiology as it pertains to
dental hygiene
What is • Microbiology is the study of
microbiolo microorganisms
gy?
 Any living organism that
cannot be seen with the
naked eye
What is a Can only be viewed
Microorganis through a microscope
m? • Ex:

Microbe =
microorganism
Why do you need to study microbiology as a dental
hygiene student?

3
 Leeuwenhoek
• Developed simple
microscopes
• First evidence of
microorganisms

History of 1632–1732

Microbiolo
gy 1822–1895

Pasteur
• Experiments with flasks and
grape juice
• Discovered the process of
fermentation
Pasteur
• His findings led to his hypothesis that:

Microorganisms (“germs” or “pathogens”) are responsible for

disease
This is the germ theory of disease.
Why might this theory be important?

* We now know that this theory only applies to infectious

disease
All living organisms can be
classified as
either eukaryotic or prokaryotic.

Does anybody know the

difference?

https://www.youtube.com/watc
h?v=RQ-SMCmWB1s

Video in
Moodle
Venn

Pro Eu
Both
 Bacteria Archaea
Within these
categories
(pro/eukaryot
es),
microorganis Fungi Viruses
ms are
further
classified as
follows: Protozoa
Algae
Prokaryotes
 https://australian.museum/learn/species-
identification/ask-an-expert/are-bacteria-plants-
or-animals/

Bacteria
Single-celled prokaryotes
• Classified by shape:
1. Cocci (spherical)
2. Bacilli (rod-shaped)
3. Spirochaetes (helical)

Shape is determined by its

rigid cell wall composed of
peptidoglycan
What is the
shape of
this bacterium?
 https://www.labroots.com/trending/
microbiology/6328/microbe-archaea

Prokaryotes
• Cell walls lack peptidoglycan
Archaea • No archaea are known to cause
disease in humans.
Eukaryotes
 Fungi
• Large eukaryotes
•Multi-cellular = molds
•Single-celled = yeasts
• Obtain their food from other
organisms
• Have cell walls
• Reproduce both sexually and
https://theconversation.com/australias-in-the-fungus-olympics-the-race-to-find-new-ways-
asexually
to-tackle-disease-115380
 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protozoa

Protozoa
• Single-celled eukaryotes
• Like animals in their
nutritional needs and
cellular structure.
• Locomotion by means of
pseudopods, cilia, or flagella
• Most reproduce asexually,
some reproduce sexually
 Algae
• Plant-like eukaryotes
• Photosynthetic
• Multicellular and unicellular
• Have cell walls
• Produce useful chemicals
including agar

https://twitter.com/bolioptics/status/
1227668777757741056
Neither Prokaryote or
Eukaryote
Viruses
• Discovered in 1932
• All are acellular obligatory
parasites.
• Cause a multitude of disease
 Prokaryote or Eukaryote?

• Bacteria • Archaea • Fungi

• Viruses • Protozoa • Algae

 Fill out the following concept map:
Use the
following:
• Acellular
• Multicellular
• Eukaryotes
• Yeasts
• Molds
• Archaea
• Bacteria
• Protozoa
• Unicellular
• Algae
• Obligate
intracellular
parasites
Scope
The scope of Microbiology is
MASSIVE

Which apply to Dental

Hygiene?
 • Today we covered:
• Definition of Microbiology
Any • Germ theory
questions? •
•
Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes
6 types of microbes
• Scope
Summary
• Microbiology is the study of ______________________
• The _____________ identifies pathogens as the cause of disease
• ________________ lack nuclei; ______________ have them
• Prokaryotes:___________, ______________
• Eukaryotes: ___________, ______________, ______________
• Neither: ____________
• Dental hygiene involves many fields of microbiology: for
example:
____________________________________________________________
Kahoot!
• Do you have Kahoot yet?
• Download app onto your
phone or input the code on
your computer
Any T: Cell
F: Infection
Structure +
questions Function (Ch3
Control I (Ch
9)
? )