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GRACE2

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6 views13 pages

GRACE2

Uploaded by

Sanjay M D
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SVR COLLEGE OF COMMERCE

AND MANAGEMENT STUDIES

NAME : JABA CHRISTY.B


CLASS : 3RD SEM BCA
TOPIC : LINUX FILE SYSTEM
DATE : 10/DEC/2024

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF : ASSISTANT


PROFESSOR SUPRIYA SHAKYA
 CONTENT :
 INTRODUCTION
 WHAT IS FILE SYSTEM
 CHARACTERISTICS
 LINUX FILE HIERARCHY STRUCTURE
 LINUX BINARY DIRECTORY
 LINUX CONFIGURATION DIRECTORY
 LINUX DATA DIRECTORY
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LINUX AND WINDOWS
 INTRODUCTION
o Operating systems, the software that powers your computer,
rely on a crucial element known as the file system.
o In the Linux world, a diverse range of file systems has
emerged, each crafted to address specific needs and
preferences.
o This article aims to simplify the intricacies of Linux file
systems, guiding beginners through their layers,
characteristics, and implementations.
 WHAT IS FILE SYSTEM
o The Linux file system is a multifaceted
structure comprised of three essential layers.
o At its foundation, the Logical File System
serves as the interface between user
applications and the file system, managing
operations like opening, reading, and closing
files.
 CHARACTERISTICS
o Space Management: how the data is stored on a storage
device. Pertaining to the memory blocks and fragmentation
practices applied in it.

o Filename: a file system may have certain restrictions to file


names such as the name length, the use of special characters,
and case sensitive-ness.

o Directory: the directories/folders may store files in a linear or


hierarchical manner while maintaining an index table of all the
files contained in that directory or subdirectory.
 CHARACTERISTICS
o Utilities: file systems provide features for
initializing, deleting, renaming, moving,
copying, backup, recovery, and control access
of files and folders.
o Design: due to their implementations, file
systems have limitations on the amount of
data they can store.
 LINUX FILE HIERARCHY STRUCTURE:
BINARY DIRECTORIES : CONTAINS BINARY OR COMPILED SOURCE CODE FILES EG,/BIN
CONFIGURATION DIRECTORIES : CONTAINS CONFIGURATION FILES OD THE SYSTEM
EG, /ETC,/BOOT
DATA DIRECTORIES: STORES DATA FILES , EG, /HOME,/ROOT
 LINUX BINARY DIRECTORY:
Binary files are the files which contain executable files . these
files are the output of compilation of the source code

o /bin : the ‘/bin’ directory contains user binaries,executable


files , linux commands that are used in single user mode ,and
common commands that are used by all the users

o /sbin : the ‘/sbin’ directory also contain executable files, but


unlike ‘/bin’ it only contains systems binaries which require
root privilege to perform certain tasks and are helpful for
system maintenance
 LINUX BINARY DIRECTORY:
o /lib : the ‘/lib’ directory contains shared libraries which are often
used by the ‘/bin’ and ‘/sbin’ directories.it also contains kernel
module

o /opt : ‘opt’ is short for optional. Its main purpose is to store


optional application software package. Add-on application
From individual vendors should be installed in opt and so in some
system ‘/opt’ is empty as they may not have any add-on application
 LINUX CONFIGURATION
DIRECTORY
The configuration directory contains configured files which configures
the parameters and initial settings for some computer programs

o /boot : the ‘/boot’ directory contains boot loader files which are
essential to boot the system in other words they only contains files
which are needed for basic linux system to get up and going

o /etc : all machine related configuration files are kept in ‘/etc’. Almost
everything related to configuration of your system is placed here. It
also contains startup and shutdown shell script which used to start
and stop a program
LINUX DATA DIRECTORY :
Data directory is used to store data of the system. Data directory contains
the following :

o /home : the ‘/home’ directory stores user’s personal files. After the
‘/home’ there is a directory which is generally named at the users name
like we have ‘/home /sssit’ . Inside this directory we have our sub-
directories like desktop,downloads,documents

o /root : the ‘/root’directory is the home directory of the root user. The
‘/root’ directoty is different from(/) root

o /srv : it is short for service. The ‘/srv’ directory contains server soecific
data for services provided by the system like www, cvs, rysync,ftp,ect
 LINUX DATA DIRECTORY:
o /media : it is directory acts as a mount point for removable media
devices such as USB devices ect. This newly introduced directory and
hence a system can run without this directory also.

o /mnt : the term ‘mnt’ stands for mount. The ‘/mnt’ directory should be
empty and sys admins can only mount temporary files system

o /tmp : the term ‘tmp’ stands for ‘temporary’. Data stored in ‘/tmp’ is
temporary and may use either disk space or RAM. When system is
rebooted, files under this directory is automatically deleted.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN LINUX AND WINDOWS :
1. Linux is a open source operating system 1. While windows are the not the open
2. Linux is free of cost. source operating system.

3. It’s file name case-sensitive. 2. While it is costly.

4. In linux, monolithic kernel is used. 3. While it’s file name is case-insensitive.


4. While in this, hybrid kernel is used.
5. Linux is more efficient in comparison of
windows. 5. While windows are less efficient.
6. There is forward slash is used for 6. While there is back slash is used for
Separating the directories. Separating the directories.
7. Linux provides more security than 7. While it provides less security than linux.
windows.
8. While windows does not provide much
8. Linux is widely used in hacking purpose efficiency in hacking.
based systems.

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