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6 views

Presentation1 (6)

Uploaded by

Nishant Roy
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Topic 2: Sustainable solutions and

practices in the field of agriculture


done by the government and the
community
•Sustainable agriculture offers a much-needed alternative to
conventional input-intensive agriculture, the long-term impacts of
which include degrading topsoil, declining groundwater levels and
reduced biodiversity. It is vital to ensure India’s nutrition security in a
climate-constrained world.
•There are many promising practices in sustainable agriculture like:
• Organic Farming
• Agroforestry
• Precision Farming
• Crop rotation
1. ORGANIC FARMING
Organic farming can be defined as an agricultural process that uses
biological fertilisers and pest control acquired from animal or plant waste.
Organic farming was initiated as an answer to the environmental
sufferings caused using chemical pesticides and synthetic fertilisers. In
other words, organic farming is a new system of farming or agriculture
that repairs, maintains, and improves the ecological balance.
• How has the Government helped in the use of organic farming?
The Government of India aids with promoting organic farming across the
country through different schemes. For example:
• Paramparagat Krishi Vikas Yojana (PKVY).
• Mission Organic Value Chain Development for Northeastern Region
(MOVCDNER)
• National Food Security Mission (NFSM)
2.AGROFORESTRY
Agroforestry is the interaction of agriculture and trees, including the
agricultural use of trees. This comprises trees on farms and in agricultural
landscapes, farming in forests and along forest margins and tree-crop
production, including cocoa, coffee, rubber and oil palm. Agroforestry
involves a wide range of trees that are protected, regenerated, planted or
managed in agricultural landscapes as they interact with annual crops,
livestock, wildlife and humans.
• How agroforestry helps in improving the industrial growth of India?
To reduce soil erosion. To increase the soil fertility by planting nitrogen
fixing tree species. To create availability of raw material for wood-based
industries. To create opportunity of employment to local people and to
increase the return in terms of money by increased crop production.
3. PRECISION FARMING
Precision agriculture (PA) is a farming management concept based on observing,
measuring and responding to inter- and intra-field variability in crops. PA is also
sometimes referred to as precision farming, satellite agriculture, as-needed farming
and site-specific crop management (SSCM).
Precision agriculture uses information technology (IT) to ensure that crops and soil
receive exactly what they need for optimum health and productivity. This also
ensures profitability,
sustainability and protection of the environment. It considers aspects such as soil
type, terrain, weather, plant growth and yield data when managing crops.
• Precision farming in India
Precision agriculture (PA), the history of which dates to the nineteen eighties and
nineties, is a relatively recent development in India and perhaps the only viable
option left. Government's push on use of remote sensing GIS, ICT, drones, robots,
start-ups, etc. in addition to the emphasis on reduction of greenhouse gases (GHGs)
emission intensity has created an enabling environment for precision agriculture.
4. CROP
ROTATION
Crop rotation is the practice of planting different crops
sequentially on the same plot of land to improve soil
health, optimize nutrients in the soil, and combat pest
and weed pressure. A simple rotation might involve
two or three crops, and complex rotations might
incorporate a dozen or more.
• Crop rotation in India
India’s tropical and sub-tropical climate offers scope
for growing two or more crops a year. However, Crop
rotations are location-specific depending upon their
economic utility, which varies under diverse socio-
economic and agroecological conditions.

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