Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering

Seminar on
Grid Computing

Presented by
V.Srinidhi
 Contents

 Introduction
 Key features
 Architecture
 Components of Grid Computing
 Grid Computing Models
 Working
 Future of Grid Computing
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion
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Introduction
Grid computing is a distributed computing model that involves
connecting multiple independent computers or resources across
various locations to work together on a common task.
These interconnected systems form a "grid" that provides a virtual
supercomputer capable of handling large-scale computing tasks,
such as data analysis, simulations, or complex calculations.

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Key Features

 Resource Sharing: Grid computing allows the sharing of

computing resources (e.g., CPU, storage, or memory) across
multiple organizations or locations.

 Scalability: The system can scale up or down by adding or

removing resources, making it suitable for dynamic workloads.

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 Decentralization: Unlike centralized supercomputers, grid
computing involves distributed nodes, each operating
independently but contributing to a collective goal.

 Heterogeneity: Resources in a grid may include diverse

hardware and software configurations, enabling a flexible and
adaptable environment.

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 High Performance: By pooling resources, grid computing achieves
significant computational power for complex and data-intensive
tasks.

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Architecture

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Grid computing is a distributed computing architecture that
involves a network of computers working together to perform tasks,
often for large-scale data processing or computation-intensive
applications.

Layers of Grid Computing Architecture

Grid computing is typically organized into several layers, which
include:

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 Fabric Layer
The lowest layer provides the resources in the grid. Includes
physical resources such as servers, storage, databases, and network
devices. Provides access to hardware and software resources via
standard interfaces.

 Connectivity Layer
Facilitates communication between resources in the grid. Uses
secure protocols like SSL and TLS to ensure data integrity and
authentication. Manages resource discovery and access control.

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 Resource Layer
Manages and allocates resources from the fabric layer. Responsible
for monitoring resource status, scheduling tasks, and balancing
loads. Ensures resources are efficiently utilized and shared.

 Collective Layer
Enables collaboration and coordination across distributed resources.
Implements services like task scheduling, fault tolerance, and
replication.

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 Application Layer
The highest layer in the grid architecture. Represents the user-
facing interface and applications utilizing the grid infrastructure.
Includes applications for scientific research, simulations, and data
analysis.

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Components

Components of Grid Computing are:

Grid Resources:
 Compute Nodes: Individual computers or servers performing
computations.
 Storage Nodes: Systems providing data storage.
 Network: Infrastructure ensuring data transfer between nodes.

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Grid Middleware:
Acts as a bridge between the hardware and applications. Provides
standard services like resource management, job scheduling, and
security.

Resource Management System :

Allocates resources to tasks based on predefined policies. Ensures
efficient use of resources and avoids conflicts.

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Security Infrastructure:
Ensures secure communication and access control within the
grid. Implements authentication, authorization, and encryption
mechanisms.

User Interfaces:
Allow users to submit jobs, monitor progress, and retrieve
results.

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Grid Computing Models

1. Computational Grid
Focuses on sharing computing power across the grid.
Solves problems that need a lot of processing power,
like simulations or mathematical calculations.
Example: A weather simulation where different parts
of the computation run on different computers.

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2.Data Grid
Focuses on managing and sharing large datasets.
Stores data in multiple locations and makes it accessible for
analysis or processing.
Example: Genomics research, where DNA sequences are stored
and analyzed across different labs.

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3.Collaborative Grid
Helps teams and organizations work together remotely.
Shares resources and tools to support joint projects.
Example: Scientists from different countries working on a shared
climate model.

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Working of Grid Computing

 Grid computing connects multiple computers to work together on

a single large task. The task is broken into smaller parts and
distributed to different computers, managed by grid middleware.
 Each computer processes its assigned part independently and
sends the results back. These results are combined to produce the
final solution.

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Future of Grid Computing
 The future of grid computing lies in its integration with cloud
computing, enabling scalable, on-demand resource sharing for
big data, AI, and scientific research.

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Advantages
 Cost effective
 Scalable
 High Performance
 Fault Tolerance
 Resource Efficiency

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Disadvantages
 Complex Setup
 Security Risks
 Network Dependency

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Applications
 Scientific Research
 Healthcare and drug discovery
 Financial Services

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Conclusion
Grid computing is a powerful approach that allows the sharing of
distributed resources to solve complex, large-scale tasks efficiently.
It provides scalability, cost-effectiveness, and high performance,
making it ideal for fields like scientific research, healthcare, and
finance.
While it has challenges such as security concerns and setup
complexity, ongoing advancements are addressing these issues.
Grid computing enables collaboration across borders and industries,
driving innovation. Overall, it is a valuable tool for tackling the
growing demands of data and computational power in today's
world.

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