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28 views

lecture 3

Uploaded by

Micky Dereje
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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WALLEGA UNIVERSITY

DEPARTMENT OF ARCHITECTURE
Basic Architectural Design I
Lecture: 3

Date:14/09/15
Architectural Design process

• Design is a creative process to solve a problem.


• Design involves a lot of decisions
• It is composed of phases and steps

Phases
• Planning Phase: Research & Data gathering
• Generation Phase: Solution creation
• Evaluation Phase: Testing solution
1, INFORMATION GATHERING AND LITERATURE
REVIEW:

Information gathering is a critical step in the product design


process. Designers should collect information to adequately
define the problem, generate appropriate alternative solutions,
and analyze, evaluate, and select the best solution to meet
customer needs.

In this stage of the designing process we gather information


and standards on the project we are about to design.
Cont.…..

• Sources: Books, Case Study, Visit, Internet, articles


• Project Research includes
 Circulation area requirements , ventilation and lighting
treatments.
 Room arrangements/adjacency

 Light, View ,Noise

 Standard room sizes/areas.

 Functions, Fixture and utilities.


2, Site analysis

- Site analysis in architecture is a process that involves

research and analysis of the social, historical, climatic,


geographic, legal and infrastructure aspects of a location.
Purpose of site analysis
- it provides an architect with data on sun and shade

patterns, movement and circulation patterns and land use,


as well as public space vs. private space.
Cont.…..

- Every site has very specific solar orientations, views

(good and bad)


- provide a building with the best possible access to solar

gains, daylight and shelter.


- Identifying site conditions that affects the design.
Numerous elements go into a given site analysis.
- Analyze these features and incorporate them into the

design
Site analysis check list

1, General
General data includes geographical location of the site, site security,
existing of buildings on the site, sit boundary, existing building
2, Context of the Neighborhood
The distance from the site will measure, heights, noise level in the
neighborhood, Surrounding building
3, site zoning
Dimension of the site, height restriction, site zoned whether it is
commercial or residential.
Cont.…..

4, Natural features
Existing physical features eg; Location of tree, river
5, Legal restriction
6, Access and circulation
Circulation of people on/ around the site
7, Utilities
Electrical, water, sewer and telephone services
8, Climate
Weather condition- rain fall, wind direction , temperature sun path
Cont.…..

Specific Objectives of Site Analysis

• To avoid inappropriate design responses to the site.

• To develop greater efficiency when designing.

• To discover interrelationships between site factors.

• To maximize date amount for the design decisions.


3, CASE STUDY

It connects the project with prior experience.


◦ We study on an already exiting design.

◦ We explore the merits of the design and try not to


repeat the demerits.
◦ This might include floor plans, site plan,
elevations, and some important details of the
existing design.
4, PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT

• On this stage of the design we make list of functions that

you want to incorporate on your design.


This include:
 Units: number/amount of single unit in the whole structure.
 Unit area(m2) : the unit area of each unit.
 Adjacency: which units are adjacent to each other.
 Natural light: which units require natural lighting, you can
label them with amount of lighting they require(from high
to minimum)
 Plumbing: which units require sanitation lines. You can
lable them as a yes or no.
 Remark: any special treatments you want to apply.
Cont.…..

•A table consisting of space (room) types & their area

• Based on Design Brief and Research

• E.g.
◦ - Living + Dining Rm. …………..30m2

◦ - Kitchen…………………………12m2

◦ - Master Bed Rm. ……….……….20m2

• consult & check weather you attained the client’s need


5. CONCEPT DEVELOPMENT

• The idea that makes your project unique.

• You might have an idea that you want to translate into a

tangible form

• Your concept can also be functional.


6, BUBBLE DIAGRAM

Bubble diagrams are floor plans in terms of bubbles.

Bubbles represent rooms/spaces.

Arrows represent circulation.

• Bubble diagram that provides rooms/ spaces;

- Relationship/Connection - Orientation

- Location - Circulation

- Entrances
• spaces which have similar & related function form zone

• Zone 1( Living Zone) Lobby, Living Rm, Garage, Veranda etc

• Zone 2( Meal Zone) Kitchen, Dining Rm, Breakfast Rm etc

• Zone 3( Sleeping Zone) Master Bed, Ch. Bed, Bath Rm. etc

• Zone 4( Utility Zone) Store, Laundry, Traditional kitchen etc


Bubble diagram
7, Schematic Design (SD)

- Schematic Design is the first phase of design.

- from the bubble diagram the schematic diagram develops.

- schematic diagram is a one line drawing/Single line floor plans, with


all the windows, doors and dimensioning (both external and internal )
and furnishing./

- spaces start to get exact shape, size and location.


8, PRELIMINARY DESIGN /INTERMEDIATE DESIGN/

The architect will revise the drawings with more specificity


and detail than in Schematic Design.
At this stage you should have a complete design, form
schematic to preliminary design by making;
- Double line floor plans with all the details, dimensions
and furnishing.
- Elevations/dimensioned
- Three dimensional form/rendered.
- Sections /dimensioned
- Including Openings
- Details/optional
- Selecting Interior And Exterior Finishing Materials
9, FINAL DESIGN

This is more of a presentational stage.


 You will correct your mistakes from the consultations and
prepare the final presentational drawings.
 You should have all the documentation ready including
design report.
 It is more advisable to use colors.

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