Scribd
Upload
4 views

Sampling Design 1

Uploaded by

kristellemalvas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
4 views

Sampling Design 1

Uploaded by

kristellemalvas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Sampling

Design
Sampling
• a method that allows researchers to infer information about a
population based on results from a subset of the population, without
having to investigate every individual
• Reducing the number of individuals in a study reduces the cost and
workload, and may make it easier to obtain high quality information,
but this has to be balanced against having a large enough sample size
with enough power to detect a true association
Sample Size:
• a part of the population chosen for a survey or experiment
Slovin’s Formula:
• is used to calculate the sample size (n) given the population size (N)
and a margin of error (e).
• It is computed as n = N / (1+Ne²)
For example, in a study with 30,000 population, what is the sample size using
Slovin’s formula with a margin of error of .05?
Computation:
n= N / (1+Ne²)

n= 30,000 / (1+ [30,000 x .05²])

n= 30,000 / (1 + [30,000 x .0025)

n= 30,000 / (1 + 75)

n= 394.7 or 398
Methods of Sampling:
• Probability sampling:
1. Simple random
2. Systematic
3. Stratified
4. Clustered
• Non-probability sampling:
1. Convenience
2. Quota
3. Purposive
4. Snowball
Probability Sampling:
1. Simple Random
• In this case each individual is chosen entirely by
chance and each member of the population has
an equal chance, or probability, of being selected
Probability Sampling:
2. Systematic sampling
• Individuals are selected at regular intervals from the
sampling frame.
• The intervals are chosen to ensure an adequate sample
size.
• If you need a sample size n from a population of size x,
you should select every x/nth individual for the sample.
For example, if you wanted a sample size of 100 from a population of
1000, select every 1000/100 = 10th member of the sampling frame.
Probability Sampling:
3. Stratified sampling
• In this method, the population is first divided into subgroups (or
strata) who all share a similar characteristic.
• It is used when we might reasonably expect the measurement of
interest to vary between the different subgroups, and we want to
ensure representation from all the subgroups
Probability Sampling:
4. Clustered sampling
• In a clustered sample, subgroups of the population are used as
the sampling unit, rather than individuals.
• The population is divided into subgroups, known as clusters,
which are randomly selected to be included in the study
Non-Probability Sampling:
1. Convenience sampling

• Convenience sampling is perhaps the easiest method of


sampling, because participants are selected based on
availability and willingness to take part
Non-Probability Sampling:
2. Quota sampling
• This method of sampling is often used by market researchers.
• Interviewers are given a quota of subjects of a specified type
to attempt to recruit.
For example, an interviewer might be told to go out and select 20
adult men, 20 adult women, 10 teenage girls and 10 teenage boys
so that they could interview them about their television viewing
Non-Probability Sampling:
3. Purposive Sampling (also known as selective, or subjective
sampling)
• This technique relies on the judgement of the researcher
when choosing who to ask to participate.
Non-Probability Sampling:
4. Snowball sampling
• This method is commonly used in social sciences when
investigating hard-to-reach groups.
• Existing subjects are asked to nominate further subjects
known to them, so the sample increases in size like a rolling
snowball

You might also like