Scribd
Upload
46 views

Ppt Alternator

Uploaded by

huiile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
46 views

Ppt Alternator

Uploaded by

huiile
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 21

PROJEC

ALTERNAT
OR
MEET THE
TEAM

Hồ Minh Tân Nguyễn Thanh Lê Hoàng Huy


22145063 Minh
22145044 22145028
II.
OPERATING
PRINCIPLE
I. OF CAR III. SIGNS AND
INTRODUCTIO GENERATOR HOW TO CHECK
N TO CAR WHEN A CAR
GENERATORS
1. Structure of a car ALTERNATOR IS
generator 1. Signs of a broken car
BROKEN
alternator
2.Function of car generator 2. How to check the car
alternator
3.Cause the car alternator is
CONTENT broken
I.
INTRODUCTION
TO CAR
GENERATORS
The alternator system in a car is
an essential component that
provides electrical power to
various electrical devices in the
vehicle, such as headlights, air
conditioning systems, radios,
engine control systems, and other
electronic devices
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

The alternator
system in a car
consists of
several key
components,
each playing an
important role in
generating and
maintaining a
stable power
supply
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

Rot
or
o The rotor is the rotating
part of the alternator. It is
driven directly by the car’s
engine via a belt or shaft,
generating a magnetic field
as it rotates. The rotor may
be made of permanent
magnets or use an
electromagnet.
o
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

Stat
or
The stator is the stationary part of
the alternator, containing coils of
wire that are placed within the
rotor’s magnetic field. As the rotor
turns, the changing magnetic field
induces an electric current in the
stator’s coils. This current is
alternating
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

CARBON BRUSHES
AND
C O M M U TAT O R S

Carbon brushes and


commutators: people use
metal grabphites to make
carbon brushes with the
purpose of reducing
resistance as well as
contact resistance and it
also helps prevent
corrosion.
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

Rectifi
er:
The alternating current
generated by the rotor and
stator cannot be directly used by
the car’s electrical systems,
which require direct current. The
rectifier (comprising diodes)
converts the AC into DC, which is
supplied to the car’s electrical
components.
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

Voltage
Regulator:
The voltage regulator is
responsible for
maintaining a steady
voltage output from the
alternator. This is crucial
because fluctuations in
voltage can cause
damage to the car’s
battery or electrical
devices.
C O M P O N E N T S O F T H E A LT E R N A T O R S Y S T E M I N C A R S

Batte
ry:
The battery stores DC power
and provides energy when the
engine is not running, such as
when starting the car. When
the engine is running, the
alternator recharges the
battery and supplies power to
the electrical systems
II. OPERATING PRINCIPLE OF CAR
GENERATOR
1.When turning the ignition key to the ON
position and the engine has not started.
When turning the ignition key
to the ON position and the
engine has not started. When
the ignition switch is turned
to the ON position, battery
voltage is applied to terminal
IG. As a result, the M.IC circuit
is activated and Transistor Tr1
is opened, causing field
current to flow in the rotor
coil. In this state, current has
not been generated, so the
voltage regulator reduces the
battery discharge to the
lowest possible level by
intermittently switching on
and off Transistor Tr1. At this
time, the voltage at terminal
P = 0 and the M.IC circuit will
2 . W H E N T H E G E N E RAT O R I S G E N E RAT I N G E L E C T R I C I T Y
( V O LT A G E I S L O W E R T H A N T H E R E G U L A T E D V O LT A G E )

The motor starts and the


generator speed increases,
the M.IC circuit opens
Tranzisto Tr1 to let the
field current pass through
and thus the voltage is
immediately generated. At
this time, if the voltage at
terminal B is greater than
the battery voltage,
current will enter the
battery to charge and
supply electrical devices.
As a result, the voltage at
terminal P increases.
Therefore, the M.IC circuit
determines the power
generation status and
transmits a signal to close
Transistor Tr2 to turn off
3.When the generator is generating electricity
(voltage is higher than the regulated voltage)

If Transistor Tr1 continues to


open, the voltage at terminal B
increases. Then the voltage at
terminal S exceeds the regulated
voltage, the M.IC circuit
determines this condition and
closes Transistor Tr1. As a result,
the field current in the rotor
winding gradually decreases
through the reverse
electromagnetic absorption diode
D1 and the voltage at terminal B
(generated voltage) decreases.
Then if the voltage at terminal S
drops to the adjusted value, the
M.IC circuit will determine this
condition and open Transistor Tr1.
Therefore, the field current of the
rotor winding increases and the
voltage at terminal B also
III Causes, signs and how to check the
generator when the car is broken

Cau
se
There are many reasons why the car
generator is damaged, the most
common of which are the following
errors:

1. Rotor coil is damaged: the cause may


be due to a broken excitation coil, short
circuit, ground contact, melted copper
core insulation glue... The error is often
at the beginning of the excitation coil
to the contact ring. This causes the
magnetic flux to decrease, the voltage
is low, and the current does not escape
2. Stator coil is
damaged: the
cause may be due
to a broken stator
coil, ground
contact.

3. Carbon brush
problem: the cause
may be due to the
contact ring being
chemically oxidized
and covered with
oil, the carbon
brush is warped,
the carbon blower
Signs of a Bad
Alternator
1. Dashboard Warning Light
The "Battery" or "ALT" (Alternator)
light illuminates on the dashboard.
This is the first sign that there is a
problem with the charging system.
2. Headlights or other electrical
equipment are weak
Headlights are dimmer than usual
or flicker.
Other equipment such as the audio
system, air conditioning, or power
windows are not working properly.
3. Battery drains quickly
Battery does not hold a full charge,
or the vehicle does not start after
d. Unusual engine noises
A screeching, whining, or
rattling noise coming from
the engine compartment,
which may be caused by a
slipping alternator belt or
a faulty bearing inside the
alternator.
e. Burning Smell
A burning smell (like
burning plastic or rubber)
coming from the
alternator belt or circuit.
f. Engine operation is
unstable
The engine may suddenly
How to Check a Car
Alternator
a. Visual Inspection
Alternator Belt: Check for loose, worn, or
cracked belts.
Connecting Wiring Harness: Make sure the
alternator wiring connectors are not loose or
oxidized.
b. Using a Multimeter
1.Check the Battery First:
Set the multimeter to DCV mode.
Connect the two probes to the positive (+) and
negative (-) terminals of the battery.
If the voltage is below 12.4V, the battery may
be weak or dead.
2.Check with the Engine Running:
Start the engine and accelerate gently.
Measure the Battery Voltage:
Conclus
ion
The alternator system in cars plays a vital role in maintaining the
operation of electrical systems in the vehicle and ensuring that the
battery remains sufficiently charged to start the engine and power
electrical devices. Not only does the alternator help improve fuel
efficiency, but it also contributes to reducing environmental impact by
optimizing energy use. Regular maintenance and inspections are
essential to ensure the longevity and optimal performance of the
alternator system, making it a crucial component of modern
automobiles.
THANKS
FOR
LISTENIN
G

You might also like