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arrays in c++

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8 views8 pages

arrays in c++

arrays all chapter

Uploaded by

mrbossff207
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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What is an Array?

An array is “a data structure that allows you to store a fixed-size,


contiguous collection of elements of the same data type” OR “an
array is a collection of consecutive memory locations which can
store multiple values of homogenous type”.
Each element in an array is identified by an index, starting from 0 and
going up to ‘array size-1’.
Arrays provide a way to group multiple values under a single name,
making it easier to work with large sets of data.
Declaration and Initialization:

To declare an array , you must specify the data type of the elements it
will hold, followed by the array name and the size of the array within
square brackets [ ].
Syntax : dataType arrayName[arraySize];
int Array[5];
We can also initialize the array at the time of declaration by providing
a comma-separated list of values enclosed in curly braces { }. The
number of elements inside the curly braces should match the array
size
int Array[5] = {10, 20, 30, 40, 50};
Accessing Array Elements:

You can access individual elements of an array using their index. The
index notation is arrayName[index], where index is an integer
representing the position of the element you want to access. Array
index start from 0.
For example, to access the first element of array, you would use
array[0], and to access the third element, you would use array[2].
int firstElement = Array[0]; // Retrieves the first element (10)
int thirdElement = Array[2]; // Retrieves the third element (30)
Looping Through an Array:

Loops are often used to iterate through the elements of an array. A


common loop to iterate through a 1D array is the for loop, as shown
in the following example:
for (int x = 0; x < 5; x++)
{
cout << Array[x] << “ “; // Prints all elements of the array
}
Array Out of Bounds:

If we declare an array of size 10, then the array will contain elements
from index 0 to 9.
However, if we try to access the element at index 10 or more than 10,
it will result in Undefined behaviour.
Searching:
The process of locating a specific element within a collection of
elements (e.g: in an array).
 PURPOSE:
 To determine if a particular item exists and, if so, to find its location.
Sorting:
Sorting is a concept in which the elements of an array are rearranged
in a specific order.
 This order can be from lowest to highest or highest to lowest.
Sorting an unsorted array helps to solve many problems such as
searching for the minimum or maximum elements.
Multidimensional Arrays:

Multidimensional arrays, allows us to create arrays with more than


one dimension (2D, 3D, etc.).
For example, a 2D array can be declared as follows:
int matrix[3][3]; // Declares a 2D array of 3x3 integers
To access elements in a 2D array, we use two indices — one for the
row and another for the column.
 For example, matrix[1][2] will access the element at the second row
and third column.

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