COMPUTER

VISION
TRANSFORMING THE WAY
MACHINES SEE
GROUP 17

GROUP MEMBERS

1) DIVYANSH GANDHI
(00911503123)
2) PIYUSH NEGI (00611503123)
3) UTSAV GUPTA (02111503123)
CONTENT OVERVIEW
 Introduction to Computer Vision

 Working Model of Computer Vision

 Applications of Computer Vision

 Contemporary Issues

 Future Directions and Opportunities

 Encouragement for Further Exploration

 Summary of Key Concepts

INTRODUCTION TO
COMPUTER VISION

BY DIVYANSH GANDHI
PEEK INTO THE FIELD OF VISUAL
PERCEPTION FOR COMPUTERS

Computer vision is a field of

artificial intelligence that
enables machines to interpret
and understand visual
information from the world,
similar to human vision.
 What is Computer Vision?
Computer vision involves a variety of
techniques for processing analyzing and
extracting useful information from visual
data.
Processing:
Preparing raw visual data like frames
ffin a video to improve clarity and
ffhighlight important features.

Analysis:
ffExtracting features from the processed
ffimages, such as edges, textures,
ffshapes, or specific patterns.
Why is Computer Vision Important?
Automation of Repetitive Complex Visual Tasks
Computer vision automates tasks that would otherwise
require human vision and intervention, saving time and
reducing the chance of human error.

Improved Precision in Critical Fields

In areas like healthcare, agriculture, and construction,
computer vision provides high precision in visual
analysis, often exceeding human capability in
complex or data-intensive tasks.
 Brief History of Computer Vision

The development milestones in computer

vision:
• 1960s-1980s: Early image processing methods and
basic recognition tasks, focusing on interpreting shapes
and textures.

• 1990s-2000s: Rise of machine learning, enabling

better feature extraction and object recognition models.

• 2010s-Present: Deep learning breakthroughs,

particularly convolutional neural networks (CNNs),
allowing for advancements in facial recognition,
autonomous driving, and medical imaging.
 o CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORKS
(CNNS)
Key CNNs are a type of deep learning model specifically
Algorithms in designed for processing images. They use
convolutional layers with filters to detect patterns in
Computer visual data, such as edges, textures, and shapes,
Vision making them effective for complex tasks like object
recognition, image classification, and facial
recognition.
 o IMAGE PROCESSING ALGORITHMS
o
Key These algorithms focus on enhancing and
manipulating images to highlight features or make
Algorithms in them easier to analyze. Some foundational image
Computer processing techniques include:
Vision • Edge Detection: Identifies the boundaries of objects
within an image, helping to outline shapes for object
recognition accuracy.
Working Model of
Computer Vision
This presentation explores how machines can "see" and interpret the

world around them, delving into the core components, technologies,

and applications of computer vision.

The Power of Machine Learning in Computer Vision
Deep Learning's Role

• Machine learning, particularly deep learning, fuels the core of modern computer vision.
• Deep learning models, especially Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs), excel at extracting complex patterns from images.
• CNNs employ layers that learn to identify and process various features like edges, shapes, and textures, culminating in an understanding of the

image's content.

Specialized Algorithms

• Object detection algorithms like YOLO and Faster R-CNN pinpoint objects within an image, determining their location and category.
• Image segmentation algorithms, such as U-Net and Mask R-CNN, divide an image into segments, highlighting distinct regions of interest.

Training with Datasets

• These algorithms depend on massive datasets for training.

• Datasets like ImageNet, containing millions of images labeled with thousands of categories, and COCO, focusing on object detection and

segmentation, are crucial for teaching models to recognize and interpret visual information.
Bringing Computer Vision to Life: Building a Model

To build a functional computer vision Next, select a suitable model based on Finally, evaluating model performance

model, you'll need the right tools and your specific task. Consider factors is crucial. Metrics like accuracy,

techniques. Start by setting up your like the complexity of the task, the size precision, recall, and F1 score provide

environment. Popular choices include of your dataset, and the desired insights into how well your model

Python as a programming language, accuracy. After selecting a model, performs. These metrics help you

TensorFlow or PyTorch as deep you'll need to train it using a carefully understand the model's ability to

learning frameworks, and a GPU for curated and preprocessed dataset. classify, identify, and segment objects

accelerated processing. Data preprocessing involves cleaning accurately.

and transforming the data to enhance

its quality and relevance for training.

Computer Vision: Transforming Industries
Automotive
Healthcare Retail and E-commerce
The automotive sector utilizes
Computer vision analyzes medical Retail and e-commerce benefit from
computer vision for autonomous
images, assisting doctors in visual search capabilities, allowing
driving, enabling vehicles to perceive
diagnosing diseases like cancer. customers to find products by
their surroundings. Lane detection,
Medical imaging techniques like X- uploading images. Computer vision
obstacle detection, and traffic light
rays, CT scans, and MRIs are also powers product
recognition are crucial elements of
analyzed by computer vision recommendations, suggesting items
self-driving cars. Computer vision
algorithms to detect abnormalities based on visual similarity.
also plays a vital role in safety
and provide insights into patient
features such as lane departure
conditions.
warnings and adaptive cruise control.
Areas of Computer Vision
deployment
Controllin
g
Processes
Object
Navigatio
Recogniti
n
on
Automati
Face c
Detection Inspectio
n

Sports Detecting
Analytics Events
 Device
Facial Unlocking

Recognition
This technology identifies and
verifies individuals by
analyzing facial features. It is
widely used in security
systems, unlocking devices,
and in social media for Filters and
tagging friends in photos. Masks in
Algorithms analyze unique social
characteristics such as the
distance between eyes, nose media
shape, and jawline.
Autonomous
Vehicles
Computer vision plays a
crucial role in the operation
of self-driving cars. It
enables vehicles to detect
and recognize objects (like
pedestrians, other vehicles,
and traffic signs),
understand their
surroundings, and make
real-time decisions to
navigate safely.
Medical
Imaging
In healthcare, computer
vision algorithms analyze
medical images (e.g., X-
rays, MRIs, and CT scans) to
assist in diagnosing
diseases. These systems can
detect anomalies such as
tumors or fractures with
high accuracy, helping
radiologists make informed
decisions.
Sports
Analytics
Computer vision in sports HAWK-EYE TECHNOLOGY IN SPORTS
analyzes player movements,
strategies, and game
dynamics. It helps coaches
assess performance,
develop training programs,
and enhance strategies by
providing detailed data on
player statistics and game
situations.
 Pokemon Go
game
Augmented
Reality (AR)
AR applications use
computer vision to overlay
digital information onto the
real world. This technology
is popular in mobile games AR Cricket game
(like Pokemon GO) and
training simulations,
providing interactive
experiences by recognizing
real-world objects and
environments.
Fashion and Visual
Search
Style features
from fashion
Recognition apps

Computer vision applications

can analyze clothing items
and styles in images. This
technology is used in Before-and-
fashion e-commerce to after
recommend outfits and comparison
enhance user experience by s of virtual
enabling visual searches for try-ons
similar items.
 Contemporary Issues
• Accuracy and Robustness: Models often struggle to
perform accurately under varied conditions like lighting
Accuracy and changes or occlusions, impacting real-world effectiveness.
Robustness.
• Data Requirements: Training effective models requires
large, labeled datasets, which are expensive and time-
Data consuming to obtain. Limited data hampers development in
Privacy specialized areas.
Requireme
Concerns
nts
• Bias and Fairness: Models can inherit biases from training
data, leading to unfair outcomes in applications such as facial
recognition, raising ethical concerns.

Real-time • Real-time Processing: Achieving high-speed image

Bias and processing without sacrificing accuracy is critical for
Processin
Fairness applications like autonomous driving and surveillance.
g
• Privacy Concerns: Widespread use of computer vision
technologies can lead to unauthorized surveillance and loss
of personal privacy
 Future Directions and Opportunities

Deep Learning Multimodal AI: AR/VR

Ethics and
Advancements: Combining Developments:
Edge Computing: Regulation: There
Innovations in computer vision The growth of Sustainability:
Deploying models is a growing need
deep learning with other AI augmented and Focus on creating
on edge devices for ethical
architectures (e.g., modalities (e.g., virtual reality will energy-efficient
allows for real-time guidelines to
transformers) language drive algorithms to
processing with ensure responsible
promise improved processing) will advancements in reduce the
reduced latency use, address
performance and enhance computer vision, environmental
and bandwidth privacy, and
better applications like improving object impact of AI
usage, ideal for IoT mitigate biases in
generalization image captioning recognition and technologies.
applications. computer vision
from smaller and visual question scene
systems.
datasets. answering. understanding.
 Encouragement for Further
Exploration
Learning
Platform •Learning Platforms: Courses on Coursera, edX,
s:
Udacity.

•Research Journals: Follow arXiv, IEEE Xplore,

and major conferences (CVPR, ICCV).
Networki Research
ng: Journals: •Projects & Open Source: Try building vision
projects; contribute to GitHub.

•Networking: Join communities on Reddit, Stack

Projects Overflow, and attend AI meetups.
& Open
Source:
 Summary of Key Concepts

Object
Introductio
Image Image Detection
n to Advanced Challenges
Processing Classificati &
Computer Topics & Ethics
Basics on Segmentati
Vision
on
3D vision,
Defined Preprocessing:
Traditional Techniques: depth Data bias,
computer filtering, edge
methods to YOLO, Mask R- estimation interpretability,
vision and its detection,
CNNs. CNN. (e.g., LiDAR). privacy issues.
evolution. normalization.

Key
applications: Generative
Uses: security,
facial Role of transfer models (GANs)
medical
recognition, learning. for image
imaging.
autonomous creation.
vehicles.
THANKYOU !