NAT(Network Address Translation) (1)
NAT(Network Address Translation) (1)
Private ip address:
10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 (A class)
172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255(B class)
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255(C class)
NAT
Q. Advantages of NAT???
Private Ip addresses
NAT implementation
NAT implementation
NAT address translation (Two column table)
NAT address translation (Two column table)
● When the router translates the source address of the
outgoing packet, it also makes note of the destination
address-where the packet is going.
● For example, suppose two hosts with addresses 172.18.3.1 and 172.18.3.2
inside a private network need to access the HTTP server on external host
25.8.3.2. If the translation table has five columns, instead of two, that include
the source and destination port numbers of the transport layer protocol, the
ambiguity is eliminated.
Five column table
Types of NAT
❖ Static NAT
❖ Dynamic NAT
❖ PAT(Port address translation)
Static NAT
● In static NAT, every internal IP address is mapped to a unique
external IP address.
● This is one-to-one mapping.
● When outgoing traffic arrives at the router, the router replaces the
destination IP address with the mapped global IP.
● When the return traffic comes back to the router, the router replaces
the mapped global IP address with the source IP address.
● Static NAT is mostly used in servers(Email server, Web server)
Dynamic NAT
● In dynamic network address translation, internal IP addresses are
mapped to a pool of external IP addresses.
● This is one-to-many mapping.
● When the outgoing traffic arrives at the router, the router replaces the
destination IP address with a free global IP address from the pool.
PAT
● PAT is a type of dynamic NAT that maps multiple internal IP
addresses to a single external IP address via port numbers.
● This is many-to-one mapping.
● When a computer connects to the internet, the router assigns it a port
number that it then appends to the computer's internal IP address, in
turn giving the computer a unique IP address. When a second
computer connects to the internet, it gets the same external IP
address but a different port number.
Thank You