Chapter – 8

Default
Route
Objectives : - The following CCNAv3.0 Exam
Topics are covered in this chapter

At the end of this session, you will learn :

1. Configure, verify and troubleshoot IPv4

static
default route
a) Default Route
b) Network Route
c) Host Route
d) Floating static
 Default Routing
of the network.

Internet

Default Routing
• You should only use default routing on stub
networks−−those
with only one exit path out of the network.
• Used for Internet Connectivity.
 Default Routi ng

I only have one way to

172.16.3.0/24 network, so I will
use a static route.

I only have one way to rest of

the world (Internet), so I will use
a default route.

• Static routes are commonly used when routing from

a network to a stub network.
– A stub network is a network accessed by a single
route.
 Default Routing

I only have one way to rest of the world

(Internet), so I will use a static default
route.

• A default route is used to represent all routes with

zero or no bits matching.
• When there are no routes that have a more specific
match, the default route will be a match. (more later)
• A default static route is a route that will match all
 Configuring a Default Static Route

Router(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 [exit-interface | ip-

address ]

• 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 network address and mask is

called a quad-zero route.
 Before Default Routing
10.0.0.1
solapur bangalore
Routin 10.0.0.0
g Table so
192.168.1.200
s1 192.168.3.200
e0 e0
10.0.0.2

>ping 192.168.3.1
192.168.1.1
Routing Table
192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1

Solapur#show ip route Bangalore#show ip route

C 192.168.1.0 is directly C 192.168.3.0 is directly
connected to e0 connected to e0
C 10.0.0.0 is directly C 10.0.0.0 is directly
connected to s0 connected to s1

If you ping to 192.168.3.1 from 192.168.1.1

[ source Network:192.168.1.0] [ destination Network:192.168.3.0]
You will see the massage
Reply from 192.168.1.200 : destination host Unreachable
Because solapur Router does not know about destination network 192.168.3.0
 exit port 10.0.0.1
Next hop IP Address
solapur bangalore
Routin 10.0.0.0
g Table so
192.168.1.200
s1 192.168.3.200
e0 e0
10.0.0.2

192.168.1
.1
Routing
192.168.1.0
Table
<syntax>
192.168.3.0
192.168.3
.1

Router(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 <exit port/next hop

IP Address>

solapur(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0

bangalore(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1

 Default R o u t i n g
10.0.0.1
solapur bangalore
Routin 10.0.0.0
g Table so
192.168.1.200
s1 192.168.3.200
e0 e0
10.0.0.2

>ping
192.168.3.1 192.168.1.1
Routing Table
192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0 192.168.3.1

Solapur#show ip route Bangalore#show ip route

C 192.168.1.0/24 is directly C 192.168.3.0/24 is directly
connected to e0 connected to e0
C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly C 10.0.0.0/8 is directly
connected to s0 connected to s1
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected
connected to s0 to s1
If you ping to 192.168.3.1 from 192.168.1.1
[ source Network:192.168.1.0] [ destination Network:192.168.3.0]
You will see the massage
Reply from 192.168.3.1
WAN is Implemented NOW
 S t a t i c Ro u t i n g – E x a m p l e 1
solapur pune nashik delhi
20.0.0.0 Routin
40.0.0.0
Routin 10.0.0.0 50.0.0.0
Routin g s1
Routin
gg Table
Table so s0 gTable
Table so
e0 s1 e0 e0 s1 e0

192.168.1.0 192.168.3.0 mumbai 192.168.9.0 192.168.11.0

latur
Routing Table Routin
gs1
Routin
gTable
Table
30.0.0.0 Routing
so
Table
so
e0 s1 e0

Routing Table
192.168.5.0 192.168.7.0

I only have one way to rest of I only have one way to rest of
the world (Internet), so I will use the world (Internet), so I will use
a static default route. a static default route.
 Default Ro u t i n g : E x a m p l e 2

Configuring a Default Static Route

ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/0/0
ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/0/0
ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 serial 0/0/0

Stub network

• R1 is a stub router and is connected only to R2.

• R1 doesn’t need specific routing information to reach R3
networks.
• Currently R1 has three static routes.
• All three static routes have a(n):
– Exit interface Serial 0/0/0
 Configuring a Default Static Route

R1(config)# no ip route 172.16.1.0 255.255.255.0 serial

0/0/0
R1(config)# no ip route 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0 serial
0/0/0
R1(config)# no ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 serial
0/0/0
• Delete individual static routes.
R1(config)# ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 serial 0/0/0
• Configure single default static route.
 What will the routing table look like now?
R1# show ip route

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 3 subnets Before

S 172.16.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S 192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
S 192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

R1# show ip route

<some codes omitted> After
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
 Verifying a Default Static Route
R1# show ip route
<some codes omitted>
* - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0

172.16.0.0/24 is subnetted, 2 subnets
C 172.16.2.0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0
C 172.16.3.0 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
S* 0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial0/0/0

• A /0 mask indicates that zero or no bits are

needed to match.
• As long as a more specific match doesn’t exist, the
default static route will match all packets.
• Very common
• No need to store hundreds or thousands of routes to
different networks.