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Number System

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Baljit Sunny
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29 views

Number System

Uploaded by

Baljit Sunny
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Number System
Natural Numbers
• Natural Numbers: Natural numbers are the set of counting
numbers that are used to count objects or represent an order. They
are the numbers starting from 1 and continue infinitely.
• Key Features of Natural Numbers:
• Starts from 1: Natural numbers begin from 1, i.e., the smallest
natural number is 1.
• Example: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...2.
• Positive Integers: All natural numbers are positive whole
numbers.
• No Negative Numbers or Fractions: Natural numbers do not
include negative numbers or fractions. They are always whole
numbers.
• Not Including Zero (in some contexts): In some contexts,
natural numbers start from 0. However, traditionally, they are
considered to begin at 1. The inclusion of 0 depends on the
definition used in different mathematical contexts.
Whole Numbers
• Whole numbers are the set of non-negative
integers, which include all the natural
numbers along with zero (0).
• Representation: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4,……..
• Key Features of Whole Numbers:
• Starts from Zero: The smallest whole number
is .
• No Fractions or Decimals: Whole numbers are
not fractions or decimal numbers.
• No Negative Numbers: Whole numbers do
not include negative values.
• Infinite Set: There is no largest whole number
because it goes on infinitely.
• Examples of Whole Numbers:0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,…
Integers
• Integers: Integers are the set of whole numbers that
include positive numbers, negative numbers, and zero.
• Representation:
Z = {…..,-3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, ……..}
• Key Features of Integers include:
• Positive numbers: 1,2,3,4,….
• Negative numbers:-1,-2,-3,…
• Zero: 0
2. No Fractions or Decimals:Integers are whole numbers
only.
3. Infinite Set:There is no smallest or largest integer, as
integers extend infinitely in both directions.
• Examples of Integers:-5,-3,0,4,7.
Rational
Numbers
•Rational Numbers:A rational number is
any number that can be expressed in the
form of p/q , where p and q are integers,
and q =0.
•Key Features of Rational Numbers:
• Includes Fractions and Integers:All
integers are rational numbers
(e.g.,3=3/1 ).
• Fractions like ½, -5/3 are rational.
• Examples of Rational Numbers:3/4,-
3/7, 2, -6, 0.25, -0.333……
Irrational
Numbers
• Irrational Numbers:An irrational number is a number that
cannot be expressed in the form of p/q , where p and q are
integers, and p not equal to zero.
• Key Features of Irrational Numbers:
1.Non-Terminating and Non-Repeating Decimals:The
decimal representation of an irrational number never ends and
does not repeat.
Example: π = 3.14159…, √2 = 1.414….
2. Cannot Be Expressed as Fractions: Unlike rational
numbers, they cannot be written in p/q form.
3. Includes Non-Perfect Roots: √2,√3,..... are irrational
because their square roots are not whole numbers.
Examples of Irrational Numbers: √2,√3,.., π,e .
Real Numbers
• Real Numbers:A real number is any number that can be
represented on the number line. It includes both rational and
irrational numbers.
• Key Features of Real Numbers:
1. Includes All Numbers on the Number Line:
• Positive numbers, negative numbers, zero, fractions,
decimals, roots, etc.
2.Can Be Represented Decimally:
• Rational numbers: Terminating or repeating decimals
(0.5,0.333).
• Irrational numbers: Non-terminating, non-repeating
decimals (1.414).
3. Infinite Set:The set of real numbers is infinite and covers
all points on the number line.
• Examples of Real Numbers:2,-3,7/8, 2,√3,.., π,e .

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