MATH Part 1
MATH Part 1
MATHEMATI
CS
BACK TO BASICS
ARITHMETIC
PRETEST
15 ITEMS
1. Perform the indicated operation
70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
a. 10
b. 34
c. 36
d. 82
2. Evaluate the following mathematical
expression
a. 16
b. 24
c. 36
d. 12
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
a. between
P252 the two months
b. P272
c. P254
d. P275
4. Which of the following is the product
of 13 and an integer?
a. 1326
b. 131
c. 1323
d. 1343
5. Which of the following is not a prime
a. number?
31
b. 41
c. 51
d. 61
6. What are the prime factors of 273?
a. 3 ⨯ 3 ⨯ 7 ⨯ 7
b. 3 ⨯ 11 ⨯ 17
c. 3 ⨯ 6 ⨯ 9 ⨯ 11
d. 3 ⨯ 7 ⨯ 13
7. What is the largest prime number less
than 100?
a. 91
b. 95
c. 93
d. 97
8. What property is illustrated in the
following?
5 + (2 +
a. Associative 6) = (5 + 2) + 6
Property
b. Distributive Property
c. Reflexive Property
d. Transitive Property
9. Simplify
10.What number must be subtracted from
both the numerator and denominator
of the fraction to give a fraction whose
value is ?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 2
11.What is the value when 8.56 is
multiplied by 10 to the sixth power?
a. 8560
b. 85600
c. 856000
d. 8560000
12.What is the least common multiple of
24 and 80?
a. 360
b. 80
c. 240
d. 480
13.The greatest common factor of 12 and
42 is ______ ?
a. 2
b. 6
c. 4
d. 12
14.Find the greatest common factor of
, 15, 12
a. 3
b. 3
c. 3
d. 3
15.Find the Least Common Multiple of
3, 5, 2
a. 3
b. 3
c. 3
d. 3
LET’S
DISCUSS
YOUR ANSWERS
1. Perform the indicated operation
70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
a. 10
b. 34
c. 36
d. 82
OPERATING WITH NUMBERS
GEMDAS
G- Grouping Symbols
( {[)}]
E- Exponents
M/D- Multiplication/
First In First Out
Division
(Operate from Left to Right)
A/S- Addition/
Subtraction
OPERATING WITH NUMBERS
GEMDAS
25 + 36 – 6 x 8 8+(2+5)-2
25 + 36 – 48 8+7-2
61– 48 8+7-2
13 +7-2
+7-2
-2
𝟏𝟖
OPERATING WITH NUMBERS
GEMDAS
8 + ( 3 x 5 ) – 2]
8 + 15 – 2)
8 + 15 – 2)
+ 15 – 2)
(17 – 2)
- 15
𝟎
1. Perform the indicated operation
70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
a. 10 70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
b. 34 10 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
c. 36 50 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
d. 82 50 + 16 ⨯ 2
50 + 32
1. Perform the indicated operation
70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
a. 10 70 ÷ 7 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
b. 34 10 ⨯ 5 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
c. 36 50 + 64 ÷ 4 ⨯ 2
d. 82 50 + 16 ⨯ 2
50 + 32
82
2. Evaluate the following mathematical
expression
a. 16
b. 24
c. 36
d. 12
Number Sets
N= Natural Numbers= {1, 2, 3, … }
W= Whole Numbers= {0, 1, 2, 3, … }
Z= Integers = {… -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3, … }
Q= Rational Numbers= {… -1, -1/2, 0, ½,
1, … }
R= Real Numbers= {… -1, 0, 1, φ, 2, ℯ , 3,
π, … }
C= Complex Numbers = {-i, i, 0, 1, … }
Operation on Numbers
Addition + Addend + Addend= Sum
Subtraction - Minuend- Subtrahend=
Difference
Multiplication x, *, •, ( ) Multiplier x Multiplicand=
Product
Division ÷,/ Dividend ÷ Divisor= Quotient
Addition of Integers
Like Sign Unlike Sign
(combine and (subtract and copy the sign of
copy)
the number with greater
5 + 3= 8 -5 + 3= -2
absolute value)
4 + 9= 13 4 + (-9)= -5
(-5) + (-6)= -11 5 + (-6)= -1
(-2) + (- -22 (-2) + 20= 18
20)=
Subtraction of Integers
Like Sign Unlike Sign
(Subtract and copy the sign, (add and copy the sign of the
except if subtrahend is larger, minuend)
5 - 3= 2 -5 - 3= -8
change the sign)
4 - 9= -5 4 - (-9)= 13
(-6) - (-5)= -1 5 - (-6)= 11
(-2) - (-20)= 20 (-2) - 20= -22
Multiplication of Integers
Like Sign Unlike Sign
(Product is always POSITIVE) (Product is always negative)
(5)(3)= 15
(-5)(3)= -15
(4)(9)= 36
(4)(-9)= -36
(-6)(-5)= 30
(5)(-6)= -30
(-2)(-20)= 40
(-2)(20)= -40
Division of Integers
Like Sign Unlike Sign
(Quotient is always POSITIVE) (Quotient is always negative)
a. 16
𝟑+𝟒 ( −𝟕 )+ 𝟏𝟐 ( 𝟔 ) +𝟏
b. 24
𝟖𝟎
𝟏+ ( 𝟏𝟖 ) −
𝟓
c. 36
𝟑+ ( −𝟐𝟖 ) +𝟕𝟐+𝟏
d. 12
𝟏+𝟏𝟖 −𝟏𝟔
𝟒𝟖
𝟑
2. Evaluate the following mathematical
expression
a. 16
𝟑+𝟒 ( −𝟕 )+ 𝟏𝟐 ( 𝟔 ) +𝟏
b. 24
𝟖𝟎
𝟏+ ( 𝟏𝟖 ) −
𝟓
c. 36
𝟑+ ( −𝟐𝟖 ) +𝟕𝟐+𝟏
d. 12
𝟏+𝟏𝟖 −𝟏𝟔
𝟒𝟖
𝟑
𝟏𝟔
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
a. between
P252 the two months
b. P272
c. P254
d. P275
PROBLEM SOLVING
GEORGE POLYA: FATHER OF PROBLEM
SOLVING
4 STEPS IN SOLVING PROBLEMS
1. UNDERSTAND THE PROBLEM
2. DEVISE A PLAN
3. CARRY OUT THE PLAN
4. LOOK BACK
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
a. between
P252 the two months
b. P272
What is the problem?
c. P254
d. P275
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
a. between
P252 the two months
b. P272
What is the problem?
c. P254
d. P275
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
between
a. P252 the
Devise atwo
plan months
1. Identify water
b. P272 consumption
c. P254
between two months
2. Multiply the water
d. P275 consumption to the
cost and add the
basic charge
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
between
a. P252 the
Devise atwo
plan months Carry out the plan
1. Identify water 430.4 - 417.8 =
b. P272 consumption
c. P254
between two months
2. Multiply the water
d. P275 consumption to the
cost and add the
basic charge
Operation on Decimals
Addition + Addend + Addend= Sum
Subtraction - Minuend- Subtrahend=
Difference
Multiplication x, *, •, ( ) Multiplier x Multiplicand=
Product
Division ÷,/ Dividend ÷ Divisor= Quotient
Addition of Decimals
Align the decimal point before performing
addition
823.5 +12.6 82.35 +12.6
823.5 82.35
+12.6 +12.6
836.1 94.95.
Subtraction of Decimals
Align the decimal point before performing
subtraction
823.5 -12.6 82.35 -12.6
823.5 82.35
-12.6 -12.6 .
810.9 69.95
Multiplication of Decimals
Perform multiplication. The number of decimal place in
the product is equal to the sum of the decimal places in
its factor 1.44 x 1.2
1.2 x 0.6
1.2 1.44
x 0.6 x 1.2
2 decimal 3 decimal
0.72 1.728
place place
2 decimal 3 decimal
place place
Division of Decimals
Make the divisor a whole number by multiplying it by a
multiple of 10 (or simply move the decimal place to the
right and do the same number of movement )
c. P254
between two months
2. Multiply the water
d. P275 consumption to the
cost and add the
basic charge
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
between
a. P252 the
Devise atwo
plan months Carry out the plan
1. Identify water 430.4 - 417.8 = 12.6 kL
b. P272 consumption
c. P254
between two months
2. Multiply the water 12.6kl x P20.00 +
d. P275 consumption to the P23.00
cost and add the P252.00 + P23.00
basic charge
3. The readings on a water meter in April
and May are 417.8kL and 430.4 kL. If
there is a basic charge of 23 pesos and
the cost per kL is 20 pesos , how much
is the billing for water consumption
between
a. P252 the
Devise atwo
plan months Carry out the plan
1. Identify water 430.4 - 417.8 = 12.6 kL
b. P272 consumption
c. P254
between two months
2. Multiply the water 12.6kl x P20.00 +
d. P275 consumption to the P23.00
cost and add the P252.00 + P23.00
basic charge P275.00
4. Which of the following is the product
of 13 and an integer?
a. 1326
b. 131
c. 1323
d. 1343
DIVISIBILITY RULES
2 4 8
Even/The last digit Even/The last 2 Even/The last 3
should be divisible digit should be digit should be
25680 /
by 2
25680 /
divisible by 4
25680/
divisible by 8
25680 / 25680 /
726582X 726582x
296891X 296891x
827205 / 827205x
5. Which of the following is not a prime
a. number?
31
b. 41
c. 51
d. 61
PRIME VS COMPOSITE
PRIME COMPOSITE
ONLY HAS TWO Ends with 0
FACTORS (1 AND
2 Smallest/ Only
ITSELF)
9 1, 3, 9
3 Even 15 1, 3, 5, 15
97 Smallest Odd 51 1, 3, 17,
101 Largest 2 digit 91 51
997 Smallest 3 digit 111 1, 7, 13,
Largest 3 digit 91
5. Which of the following is not a prime
a. number?
31
b. 41
c. 51
d. 61
5. Which of the following is not a prime
a. number?
31 1 x 31
b. 41 1 x 41
c. 51 1, 3, 17, 51
d. 61 1 x 61
6. What are the prime factors of 273?
a. 3 ⨯ 3 ⨯ 7 ⨯ 7
b. 3 ⨯ 11 ⨯ 17
c. 3 ⨯ 6 ⨯ 9 ⨯ 11
d. 3 ⨯ 7 ⨯ 13
7. What is the largest prime number less
than 100?
a. 91
b. 93
c. 95
d. 97
8. What property is illustrated in the
following?
5 + (2 +
a. Associative 6) = (5 + 2) + 6
Property
b. Distributive Property
c. Reflexive Property
d. Transitive Property
BASIC PROPERTIES OF
EQUATIONS
REFLEXIVE PROPERTY
REFLECTION or what is on the right
side is the same on the other side
10=10
-3(9)=-3(9)
x+5=x+5
=
SYMMETRIC PROPERTY
SYMMETRY or the equations are still
the same even if they flip sides
2x+1=10 10=2x+1
-3(9)=-27 -27=-3(9)
14=x+5 x+5=14
=
TRANSITIVE PROPERTY
If a=b and b=c, the a=c
𝟒 the
Denominator 𝟑 Denominator 𝟑 Denominator
,, , ,, ,
denominator) (different
denominator)
,, , ,, ,
(different compare
denominator)
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using Skip Counting/
4= 4, 8, 12, 16, …
Multiples
𝟑𝟒 𝟏 4 6 2
𝟒𝟔 𝟐
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
method
𝟑𝟒 𝟏 2 4 6 2
𝟒𝟔 𝟐 2
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
method
𝟑𝟒 𝟏 2 4 6 2
𝟒𝟔 𝟐 2 3
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
method
𝟑𝟒 𝟏 2 4 6 2
x
𝟒𝟔 𝟐 2 x 3 x 1
2X2X3X1=12
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
,, ,
method
15 7 10 22
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
,, ,
method
5 15 7 10 22
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
,, ,
method
5 15 7 10 22
3 7 2 22
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
,, ,
method
5 15 7 10 22
2 3 7 2 22
Finding the Least Common
Denominator (LCD)
Using the elbow
,, ,
method
5 15 7 10 22
2 3 7 2 22
5x2x3x7x1x11=23
3 7 1 11
10
Comparing Fractions
Dissimilar The LCD will serve as the
Fractions new denominator for all
,, , ,, ,
(different the fractions
denominator)
x
÷
𝟐𝟏𝟓𝟔 𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟎 𝟐𝟎𝟕𝟗 𝟏𝟏𝟓𝟓
𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟎 𝟐𝟑𝟏𝟎
Operation on Fraction
Addition + Addend + Addend= Sum
Subtraction - Minuend- Subtrahend=
Difference
Multiplication x, *, •, ( ) Multiplier x Multiplicand=
Product
Division ÷,/ Dividend ÷ Divisor= Quotient
Addition of Similar Fraction
Add the numerator then copy the denominator
𝟐𝟒 12=1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
𝟏𝟐 18=1,2 ,3, 6, 9, 18
𝟏𝟖 24=1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8,
12, 24
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟒 12 18 24
𝟏𝟖
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟒 2 12 18 24
𝟏𝟖
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟒 2 12 18 24
6 9 12
𝟏𝟖
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟒 2 12 18 24
3 6 9 12
𝟏𝟖
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟒 2 12 18 24
3 6 9 12
𝟏𝟖
2x3=6
2 3 4
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
18 45
𝟏𝟖
𝟒𝟓
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
3 18 45
𝟏𝟖
𝟒𝟓
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
3 18 45
𝟏𝟖 6 15
𝟒𝟓
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
3 18 45
𝟏𝟖 3 6 15
𝟒𝟓
Finding the
Greatest Common Factor
Using the elbow
method
3 18 45
𝟏𝟖 3 6 15
𝟒𝟓
3x3=9
2 5
Addition of Similar Fraction
Add the numerator then copy the denominator
𝟏𝟖 𝟗 𝟐
÷ ¿
𝟒𝟓 𝟗 𝟓
𝟒 𝟒 𝟏
÷ ¿
𝟖 𝟒 𝟐
Subtraction of Similar Fraction
Subtract the numerator then copy the denominator
𝟏𝟎 𝟓 𝟐
÷ ¿
𝟒𝟓 𝟓 𝟗
𝟐 𝟐 𝟏
÷ ¿
𝟖 𝟐 𝟒
Addition of Dissimilar Fraction
Make them similar fractions
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟖 𝟕
+¿ ¿
𝟑𝟔 𝟑𝟔 𝟑𝟔
𝐨𝐫
𝟗
Using the butterfly method
𝟐𝟏 𝟓
+¿
? ?
Addition of Dissimilar Fraction
Make them similar fractions
𝟏𝟔 𝟏𝟐 𝟐𝟖 𝟕
+¿ ¿
𝟑𝟔 𝟑𝟔 𝟑𝟔
𝐨𝐫
𝟗
Using the butterfly method
𝟐𝟏 𝟓 𝟐𝟔
+¿ ¿
𝟑𝟓 𝟑𝟓 𝟑𝟓
Subtraction of Dissimilar
MakeFraction
them similar fractions
𝟑 𝟐 𝟓
+¿ ¿
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
Using the butterfly method
𝟏𝟔 𝟑𝟎
+¿
? ?
Subtraction of Dissimilar
MakeFraction
them similar fractions
𝟑 𝟐 𝟓
+¿ ¿
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
Using the butterfly method
𝟏𝟔 𝟑𝟎 𝟒𝟔 𝟐𝟑
+¿ ¿
𝟒𝟖 𝟒𝟖 𝟒𝟖
𝐨𝐫
𝟐𝟒
Multiplication of Fraction
Multiply numerator to numerator and denominator to
denominator
𝟔 𝟐 𝟑
÷ ¿
𝟏𝟔 𝟐 𝟖
𝟔𝟔 𝟔𝟔 𝟏
÷ ¿
𝟐𝟔𝟒 𝟔𝟔 𝟒
Division of Fraction
Keep. Change. Flip
𝟐 𝟒 𝟖 𝟐
*
÷
¿ 𝒐𝒓
𝟒 𝟑 𝟏𝟐 𝟑
𝟑 𝟑 𝟑 𝟐𝟐 𝟐
÷ =¿𝟏𝟏 * ¿ 𝒐𝒓 𝟐
𝟏𝟏 𝟐𝟐 𝟑 𝟏
9. Simplify
? ? 𝟒 𝟓 𝟗
+ +
𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔 𝟔
¿ ¿ ¿
? ? 𝟏𝟐 𝟓 𝟕
− −
𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓 𝟏𝟓
𝟗 𝟏𝟓
¿ ∗
÷
𝟔 𝟕
10.What number must be subtracted from
both the numerator and denominator
of the fraction to give a fraction whose
value is ?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 2
10.What number must be subtracted from
both the numerator and denominator
of the fraction to give a fraction whose
value is ?
a. 3 = 8/20 or 2/5
b. 4= 7/19
c. 5= 6/18 or 1/3
d. 2= 9/21 or 3/7
11.What is the value when 8.56 is
8.560000
multiplied by 10 to the sixth power?
a. 8560
b. 85600
c. 856000
d. 8560000
12.What is the least common multiple of
24 and 80?
a. 360
2 24 80
b. 80 2 12 40
c. 240
d. 480 2 6 20
2x2x2x3x10= 3 10
13.The greatest common factor of 12 and
42 is ______ ?
a. 2
2 12 42
b. 6 3 6 21
c. 4
d. 12 2 7
2x3=
14.Find the greatest common factor of
, 15, 12
a. 3 3 9 12 15
b. 3
c. 3 3 4 5
For GCF, use the least exponent for
d. 3
each variable
For LCD, use the greatest exponent for
each variable
14.Find the greatest common factor of
, 15, 12
a. 3 3 9 12 15
b. 3
c. 3 3 4 5
For GCF, use the least exponent for
d. 3
each variable
For LCD, use the greatest exponent for
each variable
15.Find the Least Common Multiple of
3, 5, 2
a. 3 3 5 2
3x5x2=30
b. 3
c. 3
d. 3 For GCF, use the least exponent for
each variable
For LCD, use the greatest exponent
for each variable
15.Find the Least Common Multiple of
3, 5, 2
a. 3 3 5 2
3x5x2=30
b. 3
c. 3
d. 3 For GCF, use the least exponent for
each variable
For LCD, use the greatest exponent
for each variable
GENERAL
MATHEMATI
CS
BACK TO BASICS
ARITHMETIC