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Array in C

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Array in C

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ARRAY IN C

What is Array in
C?
An array in C is a fixed-size
collection of similar data items
stored in contiguous memory
locations. It can be used to
store the collection of primitive
data types such as int, char,
float, etc., and also derived
and user-defined data types
such as pointers, structures,
etc.
C Array
Declaration
In C, we have to declare the array like any
other variable before using it. We can
declare an array by specifying its name, the
type of its elements, and the size of its
dimensions. When we declare an array in C,
the compiler allocates the memory block of
the specified size to the array name.

Syntax of Array Declaration :


data_type array_name [size];
ordata_type array_name [size1]
[size2]...[sizeN];

where N is the number of dimensions.


Example of Array Declaration
C Array Initialization
→ Initialization in C is the process to assign
some initial value to the variable. When the
array is declared or allocated memory, the
elements of the array contain some garbage
value. So, we need to initialize the array to
some meaningful value. There are multiple
ways in which we can initialize an array in C.
1. Array
Initialization with
Declaration
In this method, we initialize the array
along with its declaration. We use an
initializer list to initialize multiple
elements of the array. An initializer list
is the list of values enclosed within
braces { } separated b a comma.

data_type array_name [size] =


{value1, value2, ... valueN};
2. Array Initialization with Declaration without Size

→ If we initialize an array using an initializer list, we can skip


declaring the size of the array as the compiler can
automatically deduce the size of the array in these cases.
The size of the array in these cases is equal to the number of
elements present in the initializer list as the compiler can
automatically deduce the size of the array.
data_type array_name[] = {1,2,3,4,5};
The size of the above arrays is 5 which is automatically
deduced by the compiler.
3. Array Initialization after Declaration (Using
Loops)
→ We initialize the array after the declaration by assigning the
initial value to each element individually. We can use for
loop, while loop, or do-while loop to assign the value to each
element of the array.
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { array_name[i] = valuei;}
Example of Array Initialization in C
Output
Access Array
Elements
We can access any element of an array in C
using the array subscript operator [ ] and the
index value i of the element.

array_name [index];

One thing to note is that the indexing in the


array always starts with 0, i.e., the first
element is at index 0 and the last
element is at N – 1 where N is the number of
elements in the array.
Example of Accessing Array
Elements using Array Subscript
Operator
UPDATE ARRAY
ELEMENT
We can update the value of an element at
the given index i in a similar way to
accessing an element by using the array
subscript operator [ ] and assignment
operator =

array_name[i] = new_value;
C Array
Traversal
Traversal is the process in which
we visit every element of the data
structure. For C array traversal, we
use loops to iterate through each
element of the array.
How to use Array
in C ?
The following program
demonstrates how to use an
array in the C programming
language:
TYPES OF ARRAY IN
C
There are two types of arrays based on the number of dimensions it has. They are as
follows:
1. One Dimensional Arrays (1D Array)
2. Multidimensional Arrays
1. One
Dimensional
Array in C
The One-dimensional arrays,
also known as 1-D arrays in C
are those arrays that have only
one dimension.
Syntax of 1D Array in C
array_name [size];
Example of 1D Array in C
2. MULTIDIMENSIONAL ARRAY
IN C
Multi-dimensional Arrays in C are
those arrays that have more than one
dimension. Some of the popular
multidimensional arrays are 2D arrays
and 3D arrays. We can declare arrays
with more dimensions than 3d arrays
but they are avoided as they get very
complex and occupy a large amount of
space.
Two-
Dimensional
Array
in C is an arrayin Cexactly two
A Two-Dimensional array or 2D array
that has
dimensions. They can be visualized in
the form of rows and columns
organized in a two-dimensional plane.
Syntax of 2D Array in C
array_name[size1] [size2];
size1: Size of the first dimension.
size2: Size of the second
dimension.
Example of 2D Array in C
THANKS

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