‫ِبْس ِم اللِه الَّر ْح ٰم ِن الَّر حْيم‬

Hadith Mubarak
Today, we start our lecture with new Hadith
:Mubarak

‫ِل‬‫ۡس‬ ‫ُك‬ ‫ي‬‫ٰل‬‫َع‬ ‫ٌة‬ ‫َض‬‫ۡي‬ ‫َف‬ ‫ۡل‬ ‫ِع‬ ‫ۡل‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ُب‬‫َطَل‬
‫ِّل ُم ٍم‬ ‫ِم ِر‬
‫طلب علم ہر مسلمان پر فرض ہے‬
Translation: Seeking knowledge is an
obligation (Fard) upon every Muslim
(male and female).
Pythagorean's
Theorem
Asim Abbas
(MS Mathematics)
Bahria College DHA II
Learning Objectives:
By the end of the lesson, students will be
able to:
Define and explain the Pythagorean Theorem
and its applications.
 What is a Triangle?
A triangle is a simple polygon with 3 sides and 3 interior
angles.
Triangle is one of the basic shapes in geometry in which the
3 vertices are joined with each other.
Triangle is denoted by the symbol △.
 Triangles can be classified by:

By Sides:
Scalene Isosceles Equilateral
No sides are the All sides are the
same length. At least 2 sides are same length.
the same length.

By Angles:
Has one angle that All 3 angles are Has 1 angle that is an
is a right Right Acute acute (less than 90 Obtuse obtuse angle (greater
(90 degree) angle. degrees). than 90 degrees).
Pythagora
s Theorem

© T Madas
 History of Pythagorean' s
Theorem
•Theorem Description: It explains the relationship between
the sides of a right-angled triangle.
•Pythagoras’ Contribution: Named after the Greek
mathematician and philosopher Pythagoras of Samos.
•Ancient Knowledge: Known to civilizations like
Babylonians, Egyptians, and Chinese, at least 1000 years
before Pythagoras.
•Historical Context: Although Pythagoras is credited, the
theorem was widely recognized in ancient times.
 Pythagoras Theorem
A In any right-angled
triangle, the square of the
hypotenuse is equal to the
c
sum of the squares of the
b base and perpendicular
sides of triangle.
The way we labelled this triangle this means:
2 2 2
C a B a +b =c
 Parts of Right Angled Triangle
A
Or Above theorem Statement.

u s e Hypotenuse
en
p ot
H y
1) The Hypotenuse is the
longer side of a right-angled
triangle.
C B
2) The Hypotenuse is
opposite the right angle.
A
Base
The Base is bottom
or Horizontal side of
C B right angle triangle.
Base
 A

Perpendicular
Perpendicu
lar
The Perpendicular
is vertical side of
C B
right angle
triangle.
 A geometrical
explanation
of the

Pythagorean Theorem
Here we have a
triangle with the
4 5
lengths of each of the
three sides.
3
Let’s take the lengths of
each side and make a
square for each of them

4 5

3
 5
Let’s find the area of each 4
10
3
square? 2
9
15
8
1 14
7 20
Area = 1 2 3 4
6
12
13
19 25
5 6 7 8 18 24
11
17 23
9 10 11 16 22
4x4= 12
13 14 15
16 21
16 1 2 3

Area = 3 x 3 = 94 5 6 5x5
7 8 9 = 25
Now, let’s add the two
smaller areas together.
25
16
+ 9
 Notice how the sum of the
two smaller squares equals

25
the larger square?

16
It turns out
this is true

9+16 = ? + 9
for every
right
triangle
The Pythagorean Theorem states: “The sum
of the squares of the Base and Perpendicular
of a right triangle are equal to the square of
the hypotenuse.”
+ = 16 25

9+16 = 25 9
 Essential Questions
How can we use the Pythagorean
Theorem to solve for a missing
length of a right triangle.
Answer
• When we know: length of 2
sides
And
• Need to know: length of 3rd
side
Problem Solving Strategy
The following are the basic steps for solving a Pythagorean Theorem
Problem.

Draw a diagram to help with difficult problems.

Label what you know and use a variable for what
you do not know.
a 2
+ b 2
= c 2
Use the Pythagorean Theorem to find the missing
lengths.

Substitute values for the known variables.

Q 1. Given a triangle with base = 3 units
and perpendicular = 4 units, find the
hypotenuse using a2+b2=c2.
To find the hypotenuse of a right triangle, we can use the Pythagorean Theorem:
a2+b2=c2 Where:
a= base = 3 units, b= perpendicular (height) = 4 units
c = hypotenuse (unknown)
Step 1: Substitute the values into the formula
32+42=c2 c
Step 2: Calculate the squares 4
9+16=c2
Step 3: Solve for c 3
25=c2
c=5 units
Conclusion:
The hypotenuse is 5 units.
 Q 2. Find x. b=5 ft
c=x

By Pythagoras Theorem a=12 ft

a2+b2=c2
52 + 122 = x2
25 + 144 = x2
169 = x2
=
Answer:x = 13 ft
Application of Pythagoras' Theorem:
 Architecture: Used to calculate building heights and diagonal measurements.

 Navigation: Helps find the shortest distance between two points on a map.

 Construction: Ensures right angles in walls, floors, and framing during building.
Real Life problems of Pythagorean’s
Theorem

By Pythagoras Theorem
c2= a2+b2
By Pythagoras Theorem
a2+b2=c2
Substitute the values into
the formula
L2+52=132
L2+25=169
L2=169-25
L2=144
Taking square root on
both sides
=
L=12 m
 Summary:
 Triangle and its types.
 Pythagoras Theorem: In any right-angled triangle, the square
A
of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the base
2 2 2
and perpendicular sides of
a +b =c
triangle.

c
 History of Pythagorean' s Theorem. b
 Application of Pythagoras' Theorem.
 Real Life problems of Pythagorean’s Theorem.
 Solve questions related Pythagorean’s Theorem. B
C a
 Work
i. A triangle has a base of 6 units and a
Sheet
perpendicular of 8 units. Find the
hypotenuse.
ii. Given a hypotenuse of 10 units and
a base of 6 units, find the
perpendicular.
End Lecture
Allah Hafiz