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Part 2 Psychometric

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18 views40 pages

Part 2 Psychometric

Uploaded by

efrematsbaha3
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Air conditioning and

Psychrometry

Abrha Mezgebe (MSc.)


Mechanical and industrial engineering dept.
Components of air conditioning
PSYCHROMETRY

• The psychrometry is that branch of engineering science which deals with


the study of moist air i.e., dry air mixed with water vapor or humidity.
• It also includes the study of behavior of dry air and water vapor mixture
under various sets of conditions.

• It is used to illustrate and analyze the characteristics of various air


conditioning processes and cycles.
•
PSYCHOMETRIC TERMS

• Though there are many psychometric terms, yet the following are

important from the subject point of view :

1. Dry air. The pure dry air is a mixture of a number of gases such as

nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, hydrogen, argon, neon, helium

etc.
2. Moist air. It is a mixture of dry air and water vapor. The amount of
water vapor present in the air depends upon the absolute pressure and
temperature of the mixture.
3. Saturated air. It is mixture of dry air and water vapor, when the air
has diffused the maximum amount of water vapor into it.
4. Degree of saturation. It is the ratio of actual mass of water vapor in
a unit mass of dry air to the mass of water vapor in the same mass of
dry air when it is saturated at the same temperature.
5. Humidity. It is the mass of water vapor present in 1 kg of dry air, and
is generally expressed in terms of gram per kg of dry air (g / kg of dry
air). It is also called specific humidity or humidity ratio.
6. Absolute humidity. It is the mass of water vapor present in 1 m3 of
dry air, and is generally expressed in terms of gram per cubic meter of
dry air (g /m3 of dry air).
7. Relative humidity. It is the ratio of actual mass of water vapour in a
given volume of moist air to the mass of water vapour in the same volume
of saturated air at the same temperature and pressure. It is briefly written
as RH.
8. Dry bulb temperature. It is the temperature of air recorded by a
thermometer, when it is not affected by the moisture present in the air. The
dry bulb temperature (briefly written as DBT) is generally denoted by or .
9. Wet bulb temperature.
It is the temperature of air recorded by a thermometer, when its bulb is
surrounded by a wet cloth exposed to the air. Such a thermometer is
called wet bulb thermometer. The wet bulb temperature (briefly written
as WBT) is generally denoted by or .
10. Wet bulb depression.

It is the difference between dry bulb temperature and wet bulb


temperature at any point. The wet bulb depression indicates relative
humidity of the air.
11. Dew point temperature.
It is the temperature of air recorded by a thermometer, when
the moisture (water vapor) present in it begins to condense. In
other words, the dew point temperature is the saturation
temperature () corresponding to the partial pressure of water
vapor () It is, usually, denoted by .
12. Dew point depression.
It is the difference between the dry bulb temperature and dew
point temperature of air.
DALTON'S LAW OF PARTIAL PRESSURES

It states, The total pressure exerted by the mixture of air and water
vapor is equal to the sum of the pressures. In other words, the total
pressure exerted by air and water vapor mixture is equal to the
barometric pressure. Mathematically, barometric pressure of the
mixture,

where = Partial pressure of dry air, and


= Partial pressure of water vapor.
PSYCHROMETRIC RELATIONS
Humidity ratio W (also called specific humidity) is the ratio of
mass of water vapor to dry air mass

=
where v is specific volume
Relative humidity RH is the ratio of the mole fraction of
water vapor in a mixture to the mole fraction of the vapor in a
saturated mixture at the same temperature T and pressure p.
PSYCHROMETRIC CHART

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