REVIEW ON

ETHICS AND SOCIAL

RESPONSIBILITY
What to expect in this review:

 Guide Questions
 Review on Basic Principles in Ethics and Social Responsibility
 definitions are self-explanatory
 Video Clips
 You may be asked to re-enter a different Zoom link after 40
minutes 
 Don’t worry I’ll provide a copy of the review.
What is Ethics?
Ethics came from the Greek word Ethos which
means character or manners.

Ethics, also called moral philosophy, the discipline

concerned with what is morally good and bad and
morally right and wrong. The term is also applied to any
system or theory of moral values or principles.
Guide Question(s):

Ethics consists of the fundamental issues of Differentiate Ethics

practical decision making, and its major concerns from morality. How
or
include the nature of ultimate value and the
when does ethics
standards by which human actions can be judged and
right or wrong. morality conflict
each
other and why is
Ethics
Ethics Vs Morality

Ethics - is generally considered standards of good

and bad,
right or wrong that are imposed by some outside
group, a
society or profession
Morality for example
- Ones own personal sense of
right and wrong. It is not imposed by
anyone,
its what you think what is bad and
good personally.
Ethics vs Morality
What are the 5 ethical approaches to
decision making?

1.Utilitarianism
2.Moral human
Guide Question(s):
rights
3.Fairness and What are the five ethical
approach to decision-
justice making.
4.For the common
good
5.Virtue
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?

Utilitarianism
Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill created utilitarianism in the 19th century.
They designed it as a means to help legislators consider the moral soundness
of laws.

Utilitarian approach to ethical decision making in 3 steps:

1.Identify potential actions and next steps

2.Ask who will be affected and weigh up or calculate the potential benefit and
harm of each action

3.Choose the action that achieves the least harm and the greatest good for
the highest number of people
In a nutshell: the most ethical actions result in more
goodness being done than evil
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?
Moral Human Rights
The 18th century philosopher Immanuel Kant placed great value on a
person’s right to choose for themselves, on the grounds that free will is
what differentiates humans from objects. In line with the Rights
approach, a person’s human dignity depends on:

•The right to be told the truth about anything that might affect or
impede their choices

•The right to say, do, believe and think anything without fear of harm, so
long as it doesn’t harm the rights of others

•The right to promises being kept if people have freely agreed to a

contract or agreement

With this Kantian approach to business ethics, decisions will be

In a nutshell:
considered Askdo
ethical if they if not
animpact
action onrespects the of
the human rights
employees, clients, of
moral rights consumers
everyoneor stakeholders
involvedinvolved.
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?

Fairness and justice

The Greek philosopher Aristotle said that “equals should be treated

equally and unequals unequally”. It sounds a bit like the terrifying
excesses of George Orwell’s Animal Farm, but asks a leader to
consider what a fair action looks like. Does fairness mean everyone
gets treated the same? Or does a truly fair company policy show
positive discrimination, as in the case of diverse hiring practices?

In a nutshell: In a fair world (or organisation) does

everyone get treated the same? Or should they be
treated differently, according to their needs and
circumstance?
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?

For the Common

Good
We are all bound by the pursuit of common goals in an organisation –
and, according to modern ethicist John Rawls, what’s good for an
individual benefits an organisation as a whole. To use his precise words,
the common good can be described as “certain conditions that are…
equally to everyone’s advantage.”

Leaders who make ethical decisions for the common good of all appeal
to colleagues to view each other as members of a greater whole. In an
organisation that works towards the common good, we are asked to
consider what kind of organisation we want to become, and how we can
collectively achieve that goal.
In a nutshell: The good of the individual
is linked to the good of the organisation
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?

Virtue

Virtue is a state of mind or character trait that an

individual can develop to act in ways that will help a
person fulfil their highest potential. In a business
environment, virtues might include integrity, courage,
prudence, altruism and fairness.

Developing a virtue requires honest self-reflection and

requires a leader or colleague to ask: “How should I act in
order to develop my character and the ethical yet tangible
success of our team/business as a whole?”
What are the 5 ethical approaches to decision making?

Ethics can be used in

combination with
technical decision making
techniques
to help leaders come to
informed, ethically sound
conclusions about next steps.
Ethics and what it is not…

We should not identify ethics with what

we feel.
Many people tend to equate Guide Question(s):
ethics with their feelings. But
Enumerate and explain at
being ethical is clearly not a least two concepts about
matter of following one's “ethics and what it is not”.

feelings. A person following his

or her feelings may recoil from
doing what is right. In fact,
feelings frequently deviate
from what is ethical.
Ethics and what it is not…

Being ethical is also not the same as following

thelaw
The lawoften incorporates ethical
standards to which most citizens
subscribe. But laws, like feelings, can
deviate from what is ethical.

laws like Revise Penal Code: Article

247, Killing your wife /husband when
caught having and intercourse with
another person, is an obvious example
of a law that deviate from what is
ethical.
Ethics and what it is not…

Never identify Ethics with Religion

Most religions, of course, advocate high
ethical standards. Yet if ethics were
confined to religion, then ethics would apply
only to religious people. But ethics applies
as much to the behavior of the atheist as to
that of the saint.

Religion can set high ethical standards and

can provide intense motivations for ethical
behavior. Ethics, however, cannot be
confined to religion nor is it the same as
religion.
 Ethics and what it is not…
Being ethical is not the same as doing
"whatever society accepts”
In any society, most people
accept standards that are, in
fact, ethical. But standards of
behavior in society can
deviate from what is ethical.
An entire society can become
ethically corrupt. Nazi
Germany is a good example of
a morally corrupt society.
RA 6713 Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Official and Employees

RA 6713 SUMMARY of SALIENT FEATURES:

RA 6713, also known as the Code of Conduct and Ethical

Standards for Public Officials and Employees, is a law in the
Philippines that establishes a code of conduct and
ethical standards for public officials and employees. Guide Questions:

In a nutshell, a) What
It aims to uphold the principle of public office being a public
is RA 6713 and its
trust, provide incentives and rewards for exceptional service, salient features? b)
prohibit prohibited acts and transactions, and impose penalties Enumerate the Norms
for violating them. of Conduct of public
employees and
The law contains the standards that public employees must officials under RA
follow and contains penalties for its violation. 6713.

The Orientation of RA 6713 emphasizes the importance of

RA 6713 Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Official and Employees

Norms of Conduct
• Commitment to Public
Interest
• Professionalism
•Justness and Sincerity
•Political Neutrality
•Responsive to the Public
•Nationalism and Patriotism
•Commitment to Democracy
•Simple Living
Individual Social Responsibility
(ISR)
Is an ethical theory in which individuals are
accountable Guide Questions:
for fulfilling their civic duty, and the actions of an
Enumerate and define
individual must benefit the whole of society. Archie B Carrol’s CSR
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY is something we need to components. What is
realize within ourselves and having others to do so. the difference between
ISR & CSR? Explain.
Social Responsibility is not something to be taught, but
something innate that an individual must posses.
Individual Social Responsibility
(ISR)
As an Individual, there are so many responsibilities to
follow.
Lets *narrow
Effort toittreat
to aindividual
few important ones:
with respect and care and love.
* Efforts to take care of the environment (Animals and surroundings)
* Sustainable Economic Growth
“Don’t engage in
an act of kindness
to be rewarded,
FAMILY Engage in act of
Community SUSTAINABLE kindness to feel
YOU/ ECONOMIC good and better.”
NATION
ME GROWTH
ENVIRONMEN
T
Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
 Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
Corporate social responsibility, or CSR, is a form of self-
regulation that reflects a business’s accountability and
commitment to contributing to the well-being of
communities and society through various environmental and
social measures.
Economic Responsibility:
Components of CSR
(According to Archie B. Carrol)
Maximizing profits consistently was
the firm's responsibility. Of course,
• Economic responsibility that definition has evolved to
• Environmental include business practices that not
responsibility only help maximize profits but help
• Ethical /Law responsibility make an impact.
• Philanthropic responsibility
 Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
Corporate social responsibility, or CSR, is a form of self-
regulation that reflects a business’s accountability and
commitment to contributing to the well-being of communities
and society through various environmental and social
measures.
Components of CSR
(According to Archie B. Carrol) •Environmental responsibility:

Efforts made by companies to

• Economic responsibility adopt business practices keeping
• Environmental in mind their environmental
responsibility impact. This could include
• Ethical /Law responsibility companies committed to shirking
• Philanthropic responsibility their carbon footprint or working
in other ways to mitigate adverse
impacts of global warming and
climate change.
 Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
Corporate social responsibility, or CSR, is a form of self-
regulation that reflects a business’s accountability and
commitment to contributing to the well-being of communities
and society through various environmental and social
measures.
Components of CSR
(According to Archie B. Carrol)
•Ethical responsibility:

• Economic responsibility Efforts made by companies to adopt fair and

• Environmental ethical business practices. That could mean
responsibility anything from offering equal to or better
• Ethical /Law responsibility than minimum wages to employees, to using
• Philanthropic responsibility ethically sourced raw material.
Corporate Social Responsibility
(CSR)
Examples of Corporate Social
Responsibility

CSR programs vary in scope, but a few examples might

include:

•Giving to nonprofit groups, such as local food banks, by

supplying volunteers or through monetary donations

•Offering job-training programs for those in need

•Pledging to ensure diversity in the workforce

•Focusing on shrinking the company’s carbon footprint

through improved supply chain efficiency