OPERATING

SYSTEMS
LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
AT THE END OF THE LESSON THE STUDENTS
SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
● Define what is an Operating System;
● Explain the basic functions and management of
Operating Systems;
● Identify the different types of Operating Systems;
● Discuss the different preventive maintenance of
Operating Systems.
What is an Operating System?
01 02

The operating system Operating system is

is the most an interface
important program between computer
that runs on a and user.
computer. 03

It is responsible for the

management and
coordination of activities
and the sharing of the
resources of the
computer.
OPERATING SYSTEM
Explore OPERATING SYSTEM

MAGICIAN

Provides each user with the

illusions of a dedicated
machine with infinite
memory and CPU time

Government

allocates resources efficiently and

fairly, protects users from each other,
provides safe and secure
communication.
Explore OPERATING SYSTEM

PARENT

always there when you need it,

never breaks, always
succeeds.

FAST FOOD RESTAURANT

provides a service everyone needs,

always works the same everywhere
(standardization).
Explore OPERATING SYSTEM

COMPLEX SYSTEM

but keeps it as simple as

possible so that it will work.
FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING
SYSTEM
Even the simplest operating
system in a minicomputer or
mainframe performs a number
of resource management tasks
or functions.
 FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM

ONLINE PROCESSING DATA MANAGEMENT

In on-line processing, In the process of

data are processed managing the resources
instantaneously of the computer system,
operating system
software also manages
the storage and retrieval
of data.
 FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM

JOB MANAGEMENT BATCH PROCESSING

Job management System software is

software manages the available to support the
jobs waiting to be different methods of
processing a job. With
processed.
batch processing, the
most basic method, data
are accumulated and
processed in groups
 FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM

VIRTUAL STORAGE INPUT-OUTPUT

MANAGEMENT
Operating systems also Operating systems also
manages the allocation of manage the input to and
main memory to specific output from a computer
jobs. Some operating system. This applies to
systems have a feature the flow of date among
called virtual storage computers, terminals, and
other devices such as
With this software it is possible to increase the capacity printers.
of main memory without actually increasing its size.
This is accomplished by breaking a job into sequences
of instructions, called pages or segments keeping only
a few of these in main memory at a time; the reminder
are kept on secondary storage devices.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

•Real-time
•Multi-user vs. Single-user
•Multi-tasking vs. Single-
tasking
•Distributed
•Embedded
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

REAL-TIME

A real-time operating system is a multitasking operating

system that aims at executing real-time applications.

Responds to input instantly.

TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

MULTI USER VS. SINGLE USER

A multi-user operating system allows multiple users

to access a computer system concurrently.

VS.
Single-user operating systems, as opposed to a
multi-user operating system, are usable by a single
user at a time.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

MULTI TASKING VS. SINGLE TASKING

When a single program is allowed to run at

a time, the system is grouped under a
single-tasking system
VS.
While in case the operating system allows
the execution of multiple tasks at one
time, it is classified as a multi-tasking
operating system.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

DISTRIBUTED

A distributed operating system manages a

group of independent computers and makes
them appear to be a single computer.
TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM

EMBEDDED

Embedded operating systems are designed

to be used in embedded computer systems.

They are able to operate with a limited

number of resources.
 DIFFERENT
OS IMPLEMENTATION
Operating systems can be classified into
different types like Desktop operating
systems, Server operating systems,
Mainframe operating systems, etc.
 DOS
(DISK OPERATING
SYSTEM)
 The term DOS can refer to any
operating system, but it is most often
used as a short form of MS-DOS
(Microsoft disk operating system).
The initial versions of DOS were very
simple and resembled another operating
system called CP/M.
 MICROSOFT WINDOWS
Microsoft created the Windows operating
system in the mid-1980s. There have
been many different versions of
Windows, but the most recent ones
are Windows 10 (released in 2015),
Windows 8 (2012), Windows 7
(2009), and Windows Vista (2007).
Windows comes pre-loaded on most
new PCs, which helps to make it the
most popular operating system in
the world.
Windows is an operating system designed by Microsoft. The
operating system is what allows you to use a computer. Windows
comes preloaded on most new personal computers (PCs), which
helps to make it the most popular operating system in the world.
MAC OS

macOS (previously called OS X) is a

line of operating systems created by
Apple. It comes preloaded on all
Macintosh computers, or Macs. Some
of the specific versions include
Mojave (released in 2018), High
Sierra (2017), and Sierra (2016).

According to StatCounter Global Stats, macOS users account for less than
10% of global operating systems— much lower than the percentage of
Windows users (more than 80%). One reason for this is that Apple
computers tend to be more expensive. However, many people do prefer the
look and feel of macOS over Windows.
 LINUX
Linux (pronounced LINN-ux) is a family
of open-source operating systems,
which means they can be modified and
distributed by anyone around the world.
This is different from proprietary
software like Windows, which can only
be modified by the company that owns
it. The advantages of Linux are that it is
free, and there are many different
distributions—or versions—you can
chooseLinux
from.users account for less than 2% of global operating
systems. However, most servers run Linux because it's
relatively easy to customize.
 OPERATING SYSTEM FOR MOBILE DEVICES

Mobile devices such as phones,

tablet computers, and MP3
players are different from
desktop and laptop computers, so
they run operating systems that
are designed specifically for
mobile devices.

Examples of mobile operating systems include Apple iOS and

Google Android.
ANDROID

Technically, it's an operating

system for smartphones and
tablets. Many different
companies make devices that are
powered by Android, including
Samsung, HTC, LG, and other
lesser-known brands. That's why
every Android device is different
—each manufacturer likes to put
its own spin on it.
iOS
Simply put, iOS is Apple’s mobile
operating system that powers the iPhone
and iPod Touch. Until 2019, it was also
the operating system used by the iPad.

The full meaning of iOS takes a little bit

more explanation. When the iPhone was
introduced in 2007, its operating system
was originally called “iPhone OS.”
Despite the name, the iPod Touch (which
launched later in 2007) also ran iPhone
OS.