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Japanese Period

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14 views19 pages

Japanese Period

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nu418792
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Japanese Period

1941-1945
Philippine Literature
 December 8, 1941–Japan invaded the
Philippines ten hours after the attack on Pearl
Harbor.
 Between 1941 and 1945- Philippine Literature
was interrupted in its development when the
Philippines was again conquered by another
foreign country, Japan.
 Japanese Period–known as Golden Era of
Philippine Literature(because“Filipino
Literature was given a break during this
period.”)
 Philippine literature in English
came to a halt.
 Except for the Tribune(became a
tool of Japanese Propaganda) and
Philippine Review, almost all
newspapers in English were
stopped was no freedom of speech
and of the press.
 No English language used during
this period because Japanese
wouldn’t want Filipinos to
communicate with Americans for
the fear that Americans might also
Victoria Abelardo–has
described Filipino
writing during the
Japanese occupation
as being pessimistic
and bitter.
 Juan Laya who used to write in
English turned to Filipino.
 The weekly LIWAYWAY was
placed under strict surveillance
until was managed by a
Japanese named Ishiwara.
 The only contact with the outside
world was done with utmost
secrecy through the underground
radio program called “Voice of
Freedom”.
Many wrote plays,
poems, short
stories, etc.
LITERARY
FORMS Topics and themes
were often about life
in the provinces.
The common theme of
most poems during the
Japanese occupation was
A. FILIPINO POETRY nationalism, country,
DURING THIS PERIOD
love, and life in the
barrios, faith, religion
and the arts
 1. Haiku – a poem of free verse
that the Japanese like. It was
made up of 17 syllables divided
Three types of
into three lines. The first line had
poems
5 syllables, the second, 7
emerged
syllables, and the third, five.
during this
period.
 The Haiku is allegorical in meaning,
is short and covers a wide scope in
meaning.
JAPANESE
POEMS
 2. Tanaga – like the Haiku, is short but it had
measure and rhyme. Each line had 17
syllables and it’s also allegorical in meaning.

JAPANESE
POEMS  3. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form) –
 B. FILIPINO DRAMA DURING THE JAPANESE PERIOD

 The drama experienced a lull during the


Japanese period because movie houses
showing American films were closed.
 The big movie houses were just made to
FILIPINO show stage shows. Many of the plays were
reproductions of English plays to Tagalog.
DRAMA  The translators were Francisco Soc Rodrigo,
Alberto Concio,and Narciso Pimentel.
 They also founded the organization of
Filipino players named Dramatic Philippines
 A few of playwriters were:
 Jose Ma. Hernandez – wrote PANDAY PIRA
 Francisco Soc Rodrigo – wrote sa PULA, SA PUTI
 Clodualdo del Mundo – wrote BULAGA (an
expression in the game Hide and Seek).
 Julian Cruz Balmaceda – wrote SINO BA KAYO?,
DAHIL SA ANAK, and HIGANTE NG PATAY.
 C. THE FILIPINO SHORT STORY DURING THE
JAPANESE PERIOD
 The field of the short story widened during the
Japanese Occupation. Many wrote short stories
among them were:
 Brigido Batungbakal

SHORT  Macario Pineda


 Serafin Guinigindo
STORIES  Liwayway Arceo
 Narciso Ramos
 NVM Gonzales
 Alicia Lopez Lim
 Ligaya Perez
 Gloria Guzman
 The best writings in 1945 were selected by a
group of judges composed of Francisco Icasiano,
Jose Esperanza Cruz, Antonio Rosales, Clodualdo
del Mundo and Teodoro Santos.
 As a result of this selection, the following got the
first three prizes:
 First Prize: Narciso Reyes with his LUPANG
WRITINGS TINUBUAN
 Second Prize: Liwayway Arceo’s UHAW ANG
TIGANG NA LUPA
 Third Prize: NVM Gonzales’ LUNSOD NAYON AT
DAGAT-DAGATAN
 D. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-
1945)
 Because of the strict prohibitions-imposed by the
Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in
English, Philippine literature in English
experienced a dark period. The few who dared to

LITERATURE write did so for their bread and butter or


propaganda.
IN ENGLISH  Writings that came out during this period were
journalistic in nature. Writers felt suppressed but
slowly, the spirit of nationalism started to seep
into their consciousness. While some continued to
write, the majority waited for a better climate to
publish their works.
 Noteworthy writer of the
period was Carlos P. Romulo
who won the Pulitzer Prize
for his bestsellers
WRITINGS  I SAW THE FALL OF THE
PHILIPPINES
 I SEE THE PHILIPPINES RISE
MOTHER AMERICA
 MY BROTHER AMERICANS.
 Journalists include Salvador P.
Lopez, Leon Ma. Geurrero, Raul
Manglapuz and Carlos Bulosan.
 Nick Joaquin produced THE
WRITINGS WOMAN WHO LOOKED LIKE
LAZARUS.
 Fred Ruiz Castro wrote a few
poems.
 F.B. Icasino wrote essays in The
 Carlos Bulosan’s works included THE
LAUGHTER OF MY FATHER (1944),
THE VOICE OF BATAAN, (1943),
SIX FILIPINO POETS, 1942, among others.
 Alfredo Litiatco published With Harp
WRITERS and Sling and in 1943
 Jose P. Laurel published Forces that
Make a Nation Great.
 The Commonwealth Literary Awards
gave prizes to meritorious writers.

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