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Conditionals Presentation

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Sari Bernal Tido
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10 views

Conditionals Presentation

Uploaded by

Sari Bernal Tido
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Conditional

Sentences
And other expressions of
conditions
Zero Conditional if/when + present + present/imperative
if/when + past + past

We use the Zero or Real Conditional to talk


about things that are generally true in the
present or in the past, in particular laws
and rules, or to give instructions if a
condition is met.
If I eat too much chocolate, I feel sick.

If you see a spider, run!

It gets cold here when the sun goes down.

If we called each other names, my parents


grounded us for a week.

The terms "present" and "past" are used instead of "present tense (simple or continuous)" and
"past tense (simple or continuous"), for the sake of simplicity.
First Conditional if/when + present + future simple/
modal verbs with future meaning

We use the First Conditional to talk about


future situations we think are likely or
probable to happen.

If it rains tomorrow, we won't go camping.

I can't go out if I don't finish my homework.

If you pay attention, you may see a shooting star.

They might arrive on time if there isn't much


traffic.
Second Conditional if+ past simple + modal verb with
future-in-the-past meaning

We use the Second Conditional to talk


about present or future situations we think
are impossible or unlikely to happen.

I might work harder if they paid me better.

If you really wanted to help, you would be trying


harder.
If you studied harder, you could do better at
school.
If I were* you, I'd tell my parents the truth.

*We use "were" with all subject pronouns in the Second Conditional (Subjunctive mood).
Third Conditional if + past perfect + future-in-the-past
modal verbs + have + past participle

We use the Third Conditional to imagine a


different past, in which something did or
didn't happen, and we also imagine a
different result.

You wouldn't have cut your head if you had been


wearing a safety helmet.

If I hadn't lost my job, I could have been promoted.

If she had seen anything, she would have told the


police.
Mixed Conditionals mixed second and third conditionals

This type of sentence combines a second


conditional sentence with a third
conditional sentence. We imagine a past
change with a present result or a present
change with a past result.

Past change with present result:


If I had gone to bed earlier last night, I wouldn't be
so tired now.
Present change with past result:
I can't do this alone. If I could, I wouldn't have
called you!
Other expressions unless/as long as/so long as/provided
(that)/providing (that)/on condition
that
We can use other expressions if we want
to set specific conditions or limits on a
situation.

You become dehydrated unless you drink enough


water (= if you don't drink enough water).

I feel safe as long as you are with me.

You can go out providing (that) you've tidied your


room.

My parents will let me go to the party on condition


that I pass all my exams.
Notes

The use of the comma

When the if clause comes before the main


clause, it is followed by a comma.
If you don't hurry, you'll miss the plane!

When the if clause comes after the main


clause, there is no comma between the
clauses.
You'll miss the plane if you don't hurry!
Notes

Verb Forms

The verbs in the conditional clause may be


in the simple or continuous forms, with a
difference in the meaning, either in the
present or the past.
If I cook, you do the dishes.
If I'm cooking, please don't come near the
oven.
f I were mugged, I'd go to the police
immediately.
If I were being mugged, I wouldn't fight
back. It could be even more dangerous.
Notes

"If I was" or "If I


were"?
If I/he/she/it were is used when we refer to a hypothetical
situation. This is a second conditional sentence, in which the
verb in the conditional clause is in the subjunctive mood.
If I were you, I'd be more careful.

If I/he/she/it was is used when we refer to a real situation.


This is a real or zero conditional sentence, in which the verb
in the conditional clause is in the indicative mood.
If I was rude, please forgive me.
Summary

Zero or Real First Second Third Mixed

imaginary
possible or imaginary imaginary
generally or less
Condition likely to or or
true likely to
happen impossible impossible
happen

present or present or present or


Result future past
past future past
Thanks for
listening!

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