Mind
Mapping
A fun, creative way to visually
organize ideas and information
Zebeaman Tibebu (MD)
Brainstorm
• How do you think?
• What is visual thinking?
• Have you heard about mind mapping?
• What techniques do you use to boost your memory?
• What is mind mapping?
• How do you perform mind mapping?
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Outline
Historical overview
What is mind mapping?
Basics of mind mapping
How to create a mind map
Uses of mind mapping
Why it works?
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Part I -History
Tree of Porphyry –233
•1a form of presentation of a
taxonomy that embodies a
hierarchy, much as a mind
2
map does.
3
• Porphyry of Tyre was a
4
Greek philosopher who
lived from c.233 to c.309,
C.E.
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The Great Stemma – before 472 CE
4
• This is an extraordinary combination of a timeline and 15 “family
trees”. It represents the progression of generations mentioned in the
Bible, from Adam and Eve, to Christ
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Boethius, Arbor Porphyriana – circa 520
1
• diagram by the Roman
philosopher Anicius
2
Manlius Severinus
3
Boethius.
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John Bunyan – 1664
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Paganini – 1527
History of mind mapping- Insights
Treatise of virtues of excellence -
16th c Isaac Newton
Tree of science and logical machine –llul
1350
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Darwin’s Tree of Life- 1837
•
1 Among the most important
mind map ever drawn,
2
• Darwin’s first thoughts of an
3 evolutionary tree show
notionally the relationships
4 that he was beginning to feel
might exist among species.
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New York and Erie Railroad – 1855
1 • Plan of Organization” of this large
company in the 19th century is more
‘radial’ than organization charts
2
usually are
3
• has much of the organic feel that we
4
find in many mind maps
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Letter of Jacques Raverat –
1924
“My dear Virginia, one of the things I find most difficult Charles Williams- The Place of
about writing is that it has to be essentially linear. I mean the Lion -1932
you can only write or read one thing at a time, and even
memory doesn’t alter this fact. Now that’s not at all the way
my mind works. When you write a word like “neopaganism,” Mightn’t it be a good idea if everyone
for instance, it’s as if you threw a pebble into a pond. There
are splashes in the outer air in every direction, and under had to draw a map of his own mind –
the surface waves that follow one another into dark and say, once every five years? With the
forgotten corners of my past. You are not only a writer, but chief towns marked, and the arterial
a printer, and you’ll see how difficult it would be to
represent this odd phenomenon. One could perhaps, in the roads he was constructing from one
middle of a large sheet of paper, write the word idea to another, and all the lovely and
“neopaganism” and then radially bits of sentences like this:
abandoned by-lanes that he never
went down, because the farms they
• Shame at the absurdities of my youth.
• Apologies if they really annoyed you.
led to were all empty?”And arrows
• But almost impossible to believe that you can have
showing the directions he wanted to
taken them seriously. go?” Quentin asked idly.
• A desire to defend it.
• A desire to counterattack. Etc. Etc.
And all this you see simultaneously, though even so, it’s
“They’d be all over the place,”
only what happens on the surface. Antony sighed…
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[as reported on NPR on May 23, 2,004 by LINDA
Tony Buzan–1974
• . A British psychology author and TV presenter
1
• He claimed the idea was inspired by Alfred
Korzybski's general semantics as popularized
in science fiction novels, such as those of Robert
2
A. Heinlein and A.E. van Vogt.
• "traditional" outlines force readers to scan left to
right and top to bottom, readers actually tend to
scan the entire page in a non-linear fashion.
4
• Buzan’s mind maps were famous for the use of
bright colors. Usually, each branch from the main
idea was a different bright color. Each branch
with its smaller branches was drawn in a similar
curved style.
• Small drawings and illustrations were added to
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help with memory, especially when used as a
Part II - Basics
What is mind mapping?
1• writing down a central theme
and thinking of new and
related ideas which radiate out
from the center.
• By focusing on key ideas written
down in your own words and
looking for connections between
them,
• map knowledge in a way that
will help you to better understand
and retain information.
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Creating a mind map
Mind maps are a great way to:
• Channel your creativity
• Generate ideas Main Idea
• See visual relationships
• Improve your memory
Topic Schedule
Audienc
e Visuals
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Components of Mind Mapping as proposed by
Buzan
1. A central image, to stimulate memory, associations, and thought processes
2. Curvilinear branches, emanating from the central image, to depict the basic ordering ideas
(BOIs)
3. A (theoretically infinite) network of smaller branches to depict ideas stemming from the
BOIs at different levels of detail
4. Conscious use of color to separate ideas by topic
5. A single keyword for each branch
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How to create a mind map?
1
1. Choose the topic of the mind map and place it
in the middle of the drawing
2. Come up with main ideas, then evenly space Add your
them in a circular formation around the mind central
map topic
idea
3. Draw a line from the mind map topic to each
main idea Add Add
4. Brainstorm supporting details such as ideas, keyword keyword
tasks, and questions for each main idea
5. Draw lines connecting each main idea to its
supporting details
Use an Image or Picture as possible. An Image Add
is worth a thousand words. ... keyword Add
Use Colors throughout. keyword
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Get creative
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Uses of Mind mapping techniques
• Education, business, computer science, or pretty much any
field
• Brainstorming
3
• Note taking
4
• Studying and analyzing
• Decision making
• Presenting
• Personal development
• Creative projects
• Planning
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Use of mind map
• students with learning difficulties such as dyslexia or high-functioning autism
have reported that they find mind maps to be invaluable study aids.
• A study by Farrand, Hussain, and Hennessey (2002)1 found that mind mapping
improved the long-term memory of factual information in medical students
by 10%. They reported that “mind maps provide an effective study technique when
applied to written material” and that they are likely to “encourage a deeper level of
processing” for better memory formation.
• Research by Toi (2009) shows that mind mapping can help children recall words more
effectively than using lists, with improvements in memory of up to 32%.
• Glass and Holyoak (1986) found that by gathering and highlighting key branches
within a boundary, such as a highlight cloud, you’re using a memory technique
known as ‘chunking’. Our short-term memory is on average only capable of storing
seven items of information and chunking can help us use this storage space more
effectively.
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Why it works
• Brain works on the basis of
association, and it will
connect every idea, memory,
or piece of information to
tens, hundreds, and even
thousands of other ideas and
concepts.
• Combination of imagery,
color, and visual-spatial
arrangement which is proven
to significantly improve recall
• stimulates many areas of the
brain Left Vs Right Myth
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• Common assumption is that people think in language.
Do we?
• If we are not born with language, how can we be engineered to think in words
alone?
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Visual/Spatial Thinking
• less than 30% of the population strongly uses visual/spatial thinking,
• another 45% use both visual/spatial thinking and thinking in the form of words,
• and 25% think exclusively in words.
• only a small percentage would use visual thinking above all other forms of thinking,
and can be said to be true "picture thinkers".
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Example: Conference presentation
Borrowing Saving for
Banking Money Retirement Exit plan
Loan
How much?
repayment
Financial
planning
Staff Equipment
Permits Broker
Business Investing
Planning
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Example: Vacation planning
Housing Activities
Condo Snorke
rental l
Surf
Hotel
Whale
Hawaii watch
Flight
s Take
Out
Renta
l car Travel Food Grocer
y list
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Example: Class notes
The Sun Planets Eart Jupite
Age Mercur
Gettin 4.6B h r
y
g
bigger
Mar
s Satur
n
Gettin
g
hotter
Space Venu
s Neptun
Uranu
Siriu s e
s
Canopu
s Aldri
n
Vega Lovel
Notable Notable
l
stars astronauts
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The key lies in understanding
your natural thinking process and
adapting techniques that work
for you best.
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References
• Toi, H (2009), ‘Research on how Mind Map improves Memory’. Paper presented at the
International Conference on Thinking, Kuala Lumpur, 22nd to 26th June 2009.
• Roots of visual mapping – The mind-mapping.org Blog. (n.d.). Retrieved November 20, 2022,
from https://www.mind-mapping.org/blog/roots-of-visual-mapping/
• Anokhin P.K. (1973), The forming of natural and artificial intelligence. Impact of Science in
Society, Vol. XXIII
• Farrand, P., Hussain, F. and Hennessy E. (2002), The efficacy of the ‘mind map’ study
technique. Medical Education, Vol. 36 (5), pp 426-431.
• Silverman, Linda Kreger (2005), Upside-Down Brilliance: The Visual-Spatial Learner (PDF),
Maria J. Krabbe Foundation for Visual Thinking
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Memory boosting techniques
• What are the advantages of mind mapping?
• What are the disadvantages of mind mapping?
• Construct a Mind Map on a common subject area in your
profession or life/work activity or future plan.
• What is the disadvantage of software-based mind mapping?
• What are the disadvantages of software-based mind mapping?
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