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Transformations

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Lorraine Sabbagh
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4 views

Transformations

Uploaded by

Lorraine Sabbagh
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Transformations of functions

Objectives: to be able to,


Contents
• recognise reflections in the x and y axis.
1. Transformations investigation.
• recognise and describe horizontal and
2. Reflections in the x and y axis. vertical translations,

3. Translations horizontally and vertically. • recognise stretches in the horizontal and


vertical direction,
4. Stretches horizontally and vertically.
• recognise the graphical implication of
5. The inverse function. inverse function.

6. Conclusion.
Prior knowledge: you should already know
how to,
7. Questions.
• have an understanding of a function,

• find the inverse of a function,

• use your GDC to graph lines and curves.


Investigating transformations
In order to investigate transformations you start with a basic function, f ( x)  x  3  2 1, x  .
This is shown on the graph below.

Make sure that you can draw this on your GDC with enough 'window space' around it to show
all the transformations.
Investigating transformations
Use your GDC to investigate the following 4. f (x)  k
starting with, f ( x) ( x  3) 2 1, x  . For example, k 5,
Try and find the correct transformation of 2 2
f  x   5  x  3   1  5   x  3   6
each by using your GDC. Try other values of k.

1. -f (x)
5. kf (x)
For example, k 2,

2. f ( x)  2
2 f  x  2  x  3   1 
Try other values of k , including fractions.

3. f (x  k)
6. fk( x)
For example, k 5,
For example, k 2,
2 2
f  x  5   x  5  3   1   x  2   1 2
f 2 x  2 x  3   1
Try other value of k.
Try other values of k , including fractions.
Reflection in the x-axis

f (x) (x  3) 2 1

 f (x)   (x  3) 2 1
 

 f (x) represents a reflection in the x-axis or y 0.


Reflection in the y-axis

f ( x) ( x  3) 2 1 f (x) (x  3) 2 1

f ( x) represents a reflection in the y-axis or x 0.


Translation horizontally

f (x  5)  (x  2) 2 1 f (x) (x  3) 2 1


 

The vertex has shifted by -5 units horizontally.

 k
f (x  k) represents a translation by the vector  
 0
Translation vertically
f (x)  5 (x  3) 2 1  5

f (x) (x  3) 2 1

The vertex has shifted


by 5 units vertically.

 0
f (x  k) represents a translation by the vector  
k
Vertical stretch

2 f (x) 2  (x  3) 2 1
 
f (x) (x  3) 2 1

kf (x) represents a vertical stretch by k units.


Horizontal stretch

f (2 x) 2 x  3  2 1

f (x) (x  3) 2 1

1
f (kx) represents a horizontal stretch by units.
k
The inverse function
Consider the function,
f (x) (x  3) 2 1, x 3
The inverse is f  1 ( x)  x  1  3

The inverse function is a


reflection in the line y x.

f  1 (x) represents a reflection in the line y x.


Conclusion

f (x) Transformation

 f (x) Reflection in the x-axis.

f ( x) Reflection in the y-axis.

 k
f (x  k) Translation by the vector   (horizontal shift)
 0
 0
f (x) k Translation by the vector   (vertical shift)
k

kf (x) Stretch vertically by k units.

1
f (kx) Stretch horizontally by the units.
k

f  1 (x) Reflection in the line y=x.


Questions
1. The graph below shows f ( x) and g( x). f ( x) is mapped onto g(x) by
 p
the vector   . Find the values of p and q.
q

f (x)
g(x)

p 4 q 3
Questions
2. f (x) is translated onto 3 f (x).
6. f (x) is translated onto f (x 1)  5. If the
Describe fully the transformation.
point A(3,5) is on f(x), find the coordinates
Stretch vertically by 3 units. of A under the transformation.

3. f (x) is translated onto f (x  4). 2,0 


Describe fully the transformation.
  4
Translation by the vector   . 7. f (x) is translated onto f ( x). If the
 0 point A(-3,2) is on f (x), find the coordinates
4. f (x) is translated onto f (x  3)  1. of A under the transformation.
Describe fully the transformation.
 3 3,2 
Translation by the vector   .
  1
1  8. f (x) is translated onto f  1 ( x). If the
5. f (x) is translated onto f  x   4
3  point A(4,-1) is on f ( x), find the coordinates
Describe fully the transformation. of A under the transformation.
Horizontal strcth by 3 units and a
 0  1,4 
translation by the vector   .
 4

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