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Unit - 5 Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillators

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27 views18 pages

Unit - 5 Feedback Amplifiers and Oscillators

Uploaded by

sandybbc12106
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Feedback Topologies

Voltage Series Feedback


Voltage Shunt Feedback
Current Series Feedback
Current Shunt Feedback

1
Voltage Series Feedback

2
Voltage Shunt Feedback

3
Current Series Feedback

4
Current Shunt Feedback

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Oscillators
 Oscillator is a circuit that produces periodic waveforms without using any AC input
signal
 Oscillator circuit is energizing or biasing by means of the DC power supply

 Classification of Oscillators
 According to wave form generated
 According to fundamental mechanisms involved
 According to the frequency generated
 According to the type of circuit used

6
Oscillators
According to wave form generated:

 Sinusoidal Oscillators (Harmonic Oscillators):


 Generates sinusoidal voltages or currents (20Hz to 1GHz)

 Non sinusoidal Oscillators (Relaxation Oscillators):


 The oscillators, which generate waveforms other than sine waveforms (Square,
triangular, rectangular and sawtooth waveforms) (0Hz to 20MHz)

7
Oscillators
According to fundamental mechanisms involved:

 Negative resistance Oscillators:


Uses negative resistance of the amplifying device to neutralize the positive
resistance of oscillator

 Feedback Oscillator:
Uses positive feedback amplifier to satisfy the Barkhausen criterion

8
Oscillators
According to the frequency generated:

1. Audio frequency oscillator (up to 20 KHz)


2. Radio frequency oscillator (20 KHz to 30 MHz)
3. Very High frequency oscillator (30 MHz to 300 MHz)
4. Ultra-High frequency oscillator (300 MHz to 3 GHz)
5. Microwave frequency oscillator (Above 3 GHz)

9
Oscillators
According to the type of circuit used:

1. RC Oscillators
1. RC Phase Shift Oscillator
2. Wein bridge Oscillator
2. LC Oscillators
1. Hartley Oscillator
2. Colpitts Oscillator
3. Crystal Oscillators

10
Oscillators
Condition for Sustained Oscillation (Barkhausen criteria)

Barkhausen criteria states that


1. Magnitude of loop gain of the circuit must be equal to 1
2. Total phase shift around the circuit must be zero (0o or 360o)

|𝐀𝛃|
=1

A = open loop gain


β = feedback factor

11
Oscillators
RC Phase Shift Oscillator
It is defined as an electronic circuit that uses resistor- capacitor (RC) networks to
produce a consistent oscillating output signal

12
Oscillators
RC Phase Shift Oscillator

Phase Shift Mechanics:


The oscillator achieves the necessary 360-degree phase shift by cascading
multiple RC networks and using transistor configurations

Frequency Determination:
The frequency of the oscillator depends on the number and configuration of RC
stages and the values of resistors and capacitors

Circuit Variability:
By adjusting the capacitors, often through gang-tuning, the frequency of the RC
phase shift oscillator can be finely tuned to meet specific needs

13
Oscillators
Wein bridge Oscillator
It is defined as a phase-shift oscillator that uses a specific arrangement of resistors and
capacitors to create sustained oscillations at certain frequencies

14
Oscillators
Hartley Oscillator
It is defined as a phase-shift oscillator that uses a specific arrangement of resistors and
capacitors to create sustained oscillations at certain frequencies

15
Oscillators
Colpitts Oscillator
It is defined as a phase-shift oscillator that uses a specific arrangement of resistors and
capacitors to create sustained oscillations at certain frequencies

16
Oscillators
Crystal Oscillators
It is defined as a phase-shift oscillator that uses a specific arrangement of resistors and
capacitors to create sustained oscillations at certain frequencies

17
Thank You!

18

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