Context and

Text’s Meaning
21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
(MELC 3)
 Objectives
1.identify words, ideas, structure, and purpose of the text;
2.explore the different social and socio-cultural contexts to
enhance one’s understanding of the text; and
3.appreciate the importance of understanding the literary
context and its meaning to one’s own life experiences.
 It's time for a warm-up!
10 ITEM QUIZ AHEAD...

ARE YOU READY?

Directions: Critically read each item

then choose the best answer.
 1. Park Seo Joon starred in Itaewon Class, a South
Korean television series showed on Netflix.

A.The actor who was chosen for the sub-role

B.The actor that performed outstandingly
C. The principal actor who played the
C. The principal actor who played the chief role
chief role
D. The principal actor who played the second
lead role
E. ALL OF THE ABOVE
 2. Roman Catholic Christians believe that
souls of those who die in God’s grace went to
purgatory for cleansing of past sins.

A. A place where intense sufferings are being

experienced
B.
C.AAplace
placewhich is humid
or state and dry
of suffering inhabited by the souls
C.
of A place who
sinners or state of suffering
are making inhabited
amends by the
with their souls
sins
of sinners
before who
going are making amends with their sins
to heaven.
before going to heaven.
D. A state of after death where hopes grow
E. All of the above
 3. Korean food lovers love the smooth and ruddy
crimson color of the chili paste called, gojuchang.
All ripe chilies are ruddy. Red tomato is ripe.
Tomato is _______.

A. Yellow Ochre
B.
B. Red
Red orange
C. Orange
orange
D. Reddish brown
E. ALL OF THE
ABOVE
4. A virus like Covid-19, can be easily transmitted to
another person who has close contact with the
carrier. A person who has weak immunity and pre-
existing health conditions may experience a bitter
death. Covid-19 patients can recover if he/she is not
immune-compromised. This situation generally
implies that…

A. A Covid-19 virus is not fatal.

B.
B. Not
Not all
all Covid-19
Covid-19 patients
patients die.
die.
C. All patients can recover.
D. Bitter death is an easy death
 5. The Narra trees planted on both sides of the
national highway roofed the entire stretch of the
highway. The shade gives a cool ambiance to the
motorists. How does this look?

A. It looks like a garland hanging on the road.

B. The canopy of leaves and branches appear
embracing.
C. The
D. The leaves
leaves and
and branches
branches look
look like
like a
a hot
handairpraying
balloon.
D. The leaves and branches look like a hand praying
emoji.
emoji.
 6. Circumstances: Background, Setting of events,
Ideas, and Statements woven together to form
accurate interpretations of the text.

A. TEXT’S MEANING
B. CONTEXT
B.
CONTEXT
C. IMAGERY
D. LITERARY TECHNIQUE: FLASHBACK
E. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
 7. AESTHETIC WORDS THAT CREATE A MENTAL
PICTURE USING THE SENSES..

A. TEXT’S MEANING
B. CONTEXT
C.
C. IMAGERY
IMAGERY
D. LITERARY TECHNIQUE
E. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE
8. Writer’s life, values, assumptions, gender, race,
sexual orientation, political and economic issues…

A.WRITER’S
CONTEXT
B.READER’S
CONTEXT
C.TEXT’S CONTEXT
D.SOCIAL CONTEXT
9. Zamboanga Hermosa Festival is a month-long
religious celebration. The opening ceremony is the
annual Regata de Zamboanga, where 200 Vinta
paddlers compete. As the vintas’ move the sail shiver.
What makes the sail shiver?

A. The force of the paddle

B. The gust of the wind
C. The movement of the paddler
D. The wave of the sea
E. All of the choices above may cause the
shiver
10. The little children of Alonzo family played inside the
receiving area. The receiving area was a house to the
antique collection. They played a touching ball. In an
attempt to strike the, the ball hit the jar on the corner stand.
What is the aftermath? opponent

A. The ball hit the ceiling.

B. The vase punctured the ball several times
C. The ball went into the mouth of the vase.
D.
D. The
The antique
antique jar
jar was
was knocked
knocked down
down and
and shattered
shattered
into
into many
many small
small pieces.
pieces.
 Activity:

Let the students read the poem

entitled, "Padre Faura Witness The
Execution of Rizal“ by Danton
Remoto.
 On December 30, 1896, Dr.
Jose Protacio Rizal, the
greatest man of the
Malayan race, was shot to
death at Bagumbayan
(present day Luneta or Rizal
park), Manila, by a firing
squad of native soldiers, on
the accusation of political
conspiracy and sedition,
and rebellion against the
Spanish government in the
Philippines.
 Process
Questions:
Who are the Extract a
characters Who speaks in sentence from
in the poem? the poem? the poem to
prove your
answer.
Process Questions:

What was the

Prove your
situation when
answer by
Padre Faura
extracting a
stood in the
line from the
balcony of
poem.
Ateneo de
Manila?
Process
Questions:
What was the Prove your
feeling answer by
displayed by the extracting a
author in the line from the
poem? poem.
It is the background, environment,
setting, framework, or surroundings of
events or occurrences from which the
writer get or pull its inspiration from.

Implicit or explicit information

that helps readers closely if
not accurately interpret the
meaning of a text.

CONTEXT
/käntekst/
 Writer's life, values, assumptions,
gender, race, race, sexual
orientation, and environment

UNDERSTANDING APPRECIATION OF
CONTEXT
THE TEXT THE TEXT

Reader's previous reading

experience, values, assumptions,
and socio-cultural environment.
IS WEAVING TOGETHER
CIRCUMSTANCES

TO FORM the SETTING OF EVENTS (background, situation, place, and

time), IDEAS (framework), and STATEMENTS (quotation or dialogue)

So that any TEXT can be fully understood or assessed.

As defined by Oxford Dictionary

The parts of something

written or spoken that “Word processing is
immediately precede affected by the context
and follow a word or in which words appear"
passage and clarify its
meaning.
 Writer’s
Context Reader’s
Context
is knowing about the writer's
life, values, assumptions, is about the reader's
gender, race, race, sexual previous reading experience,
orientation, and the political values, assumptions, political
and economic issues related to and economic issues.
the author.
 Text’s Social
Context
Context
The text's context is about its
publishing history. It is part of Refers to the specific
the larger text such as setting in which social
newspaper, history, events, interaction takes place. It
translated in it. is the society in which the
characters live and in
For whom and how is the text which the author's text
written? Who will
was produced.
read/critique the text?
 It helps to clarify the meaning of
a work of writing or text.

What is the purpose of

CONTEXT?
 It adds richness to a work of literature and helps to
truly engage readers in the text.

Without context, a book, essay, or other text doesn’t

provide the reader with a framework for interpreting
the concepts or ideas presented in the work.

Why does CONTEXT matter?

 Reading a literary piece or text may
contribute to the production of the
author and the reception of the
reader as they appreciate and
explore other literatures.

Why is there a need to read a

literary text and understand
it?
Aside from context,
Imagery (1) and literary techniques (2)

are what the author/writer uses so that the readers will

achieve strong understanding of the text’s meaning (the
message of the writer).

1.Poetic Imagery make use of the sensory and (1.1) figurative

language.

What does this mean? The object or experience that a poet

is contemplating is usually perceived by that poet in a
relationship to some second object or event, person, or thing.
 Danton Remoto, the poet made use
of these three types of imagery:
VISUAL IMAGERY GUSTATORY IMAGERY KINESTHETIC IMAGERY

- use of words that appeal - use of words that appeal - use of words that
to the sense of sight. to the sense of taste. These appeal to the actions
words can be literal or and movement.
evoke emotion or mood.

Examples: Examples: Examples:

Lines 4,13, 14, Lines 15, 19 Lines1, 3, 6, 8,
20, 21, 22, 23, 10, 12, 23, 29
 1.1 figurative language.
What does this mean? Figurative language is when you
describe something by comparing it to something else. The
words or phrases that are used don't have a literal meaning.
Danton Remoto, the poet made use of the following figurative languages:

METAPHOR ALLUSION
Something that is said or written that
A word or phrase denoting one kind of
is intended to make you think of a
object or action is used in place of another to
particular thing or person.
suggest a likeness or analogy between them:
To say that Rizal is the star, gives the idea Example: Line 6 (In the context of Ph
that even after death his heroism affects during the Spanish period, “Pepe”
widely. Thus, he shines brightly like a star. alludes to Jose Rizal as his nickname
which was inspired from latin term P.P
Example: lines 25,26,28
or pater putativus).
1.1 Literary techniques
What does this mean? These are methods the author or writer of a
literary piece use to convey what they want to impart to the reader.
Danton Remoto, the poet made use of the following figurative languages:
FLASHBACK
The poet made use of Flashback where SYMBOLISM
the events have taken place before the
present time the narration is following. An indirect suggestion to express mystical ideas,
emotions, and states of mind.
Example: Lines 4-16 marked the poet’s invitation
to view the events as how he viewed it. The Example 1: Knowing the religious context of Purgatory in
perspective adds clarity to the present events. Line 12 helps the reader associate that Rizal could be
thinking if there would still be suffering after his death.
Example 2: Lines 25 & 28 associates Rizal as the star. The stars symbolism vary. Hence, the
reader’s association may vary. As a spiritual symbol it means guidance and protection. If
we use it as the context then the death of Rizal becomes the path to freedom. It could also
mean hope to the country, and an excellent motivation to fight.
Understanding the text
• Who was Fr. Faura to Jose Rizal?
• What was the nickname given to Rizal in the
poem?
• Why did Padre Faura expect that they would
talk about the stars?
• Instead of stars, why did Pepe ask about
purgatory?
Understanding the
Context
Directions: Look at each picture below.
Each picture depicts the event
presented in the poem. Based on your
understanding of the poem, write what
event happened in each picture and
how do you feel about it.
THANK YOU!
~ G.A.G
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