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Coriolis Effect On Wind and Ocean

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14 views15 pages

Coriolis Effect On Wind and Ocean

Uploaded by

rang2sjan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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• Winds are named for the direction from

which they blow.


• Due to Earth’s rotation, winds moving
from the poles are turned, east to west.
• In the Northern Hemisphere, winds bend
to the right (clockwise).
• In the Southern Hemisphere, winds bend
to the left (counter clockwise).
• Wind is air that
moves
horizontally,
or parallel to
the
ground.
• Winds are caused
by uneven
heating
of the earth &
differences in
air
• The movements of winds over the surface
of the earth follow definite patterns &
have a great effect on weather conditions
throughout the world.
• The earth’s hottest or warmest areas are
within the equatorial zone; the coldest
areas are at the polar zones.
• Warm air rising from the equatorial zone
is continually being pushed upward by
the heavier, cooler air flowing in from the
colder polar zones.
• The earth’s rotation (from west to east) &
geographical features deflect the wind
currents.
• The numerous wind belts around the earth
move in a definite pattern.
• The global wind belts are a system
caused by the deflection of winds, called
the CORIOLIS EFFECT, due to Earth’s
rotation & the unequal heating of the
Earth’s surface.
• Denser air sinks to the earth’s surface in
areas of high pressure & flows to regions
of low pressure, creating wind belts.
These winds create
pressure systems:
• Doldrums- low
pressure with warm,
moist air.
• Horse Latitudes- high
pressure with warm,
dry air.
• Both are near the
equator (lots of Sun)
& have little to no
This pattern of air movement, moving from
a HIGH to LOW pressure, creates three
global wind belts in each hemisphere:
1. TRADE WINDS: These warm, moist
winds blow from the east toward the
equator 30 N & S of the equator.
2. WESTERLIES: These warm, dry
winds blow from the west towards the
poles between 30 & 60 N & S. These
are responsible for a lot of weather
movement and storms to the U.S.
3. POLAR EASTERLIES: These cold,
dry winds blow from the east towards
the equator between 60 & 90 N & S.
These air currents can cause stormy
weather when the Easterlies meet the
Westerlies.
The Coriolis Effect creates motion in the
ocean as well, called the
Global Ocean Convection Cycle.
Ocean Convection Cycle
• Cold, salty water has more density and
will sink.
• Warm, fresh water is less dense and will
rise.
Wind and the Ocean
Surface ocean currents are largely affected by wind:
1.Wind moves warm surface water from the
equator towards the poles.
2.This water then cools at the poles, causing it to
become denser and sink.
3.This water is now below the surface and will move
to areas of low pressure as it is pushed from above.
4.As water at the surface is blown away, water from
below pushes up to take its place. Start over at step
1.

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