Vidyavardhini’s College of Engineering & Technology

K.T. Marg, Vartak College Campus, Vasai Rd, Vasai-Virar, Maharashtra 401202

Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Data Science]

Navigo: Blockchain-Enabled Cab Booking Web App

Group No: 6
Mukesh Billa 04
Ayush Churi 07
Nitesh Patil 38

Ms. Chaitali Mhatre

Date: 17/10/2024
 Contents

• Introduction
• Problem Statement
• Literature Survey
• Proposed System
• Architecture / Framework / Block diagram / Algorithm / Process Design
• Details of Hardware / Software used
• Output
• Result Analysis
• Conclusion
• References
 Introduction
Ride-hailing apps have become popular alternatives to traditional travel but
raise concerns about centralized control and data reliability. Blockchain-based
platforms shift control from central authorities to decentralized systems,
offering transparency, enhanced security, reduced costs, and fair compensation
through smart contracts. In our NaviGo project, we use blockchain to create a
safer, more efficient, and user-focused cab booking experience for passengers
and drivers.
 Problem statement

Develop a decentralized cab booking platform that eliminates central authority,

reduces transaction costs, enhances data security, and ensures transparency. By
leveraging blockchain security features and smart contracts, it will protect user
data, automate payments, and create tamper-proof records, benefiting both
passengers and drivers while lowering costs and increasing trust.
 Literature survey
Sr. Title of Paper Year Advantages Disadvantages
No
1 Decentralized Cab 2024 ● Enhanced Security ● Complexity
Booking
Application ● Increased Transparency ● Scalability
Utilizing
● Data Privacy ● Adoption
Blockchain, Smart
Contracts and ● Resilience ● Regulatory Challenges
Oracle Networks.
● Fairness ● User Experience
● Innovation ● Technical Limitations
Sr. Title of Year Advantages Disadvantages
N Paper
o
2 Blockchain 2021 ● Clear Comparison Focus ● Limited Scope
based
Decentralized ● Relevant to Token Usage ● Assumes Prior
Vehicle
● Practical for Developers Knowledge
Booking
Service ● Interoperability ● Static Comparison
Sr. Title of Paper Year Advantages
Disadvantages
No

3 Welcome Wagons: 2022 ● Complexity

A BlockChain ● Clear Comparison Focus
based Web ● Scalability
Application for ● Decentralized Control
● Adoption
Car Booking
● Enhanced Security ● Regulatory Challenges
● User Experience
● Increased Transparency
● Technical Limitations
● Data Privacy

● Fairness

● Resilience
 Proposed system

The NaviGo project addresses the need for a secure, decentralized ride-hailing
platform that eliminates central control, reduces costs, enhances data security,
and ensures transparent transactions. Developed using Next.js and TypeScript
for scalable front-end development, Mapbox for real-time location tracking,
Tailwind CSS for responsive UI, MetaMask and ethers.js for secure
blockchain interactions, SepoliaETH for Ethereum-based transactions, and
Clerk-Auth for user authentication, it provides a seamless, decentralized
experience for passengers and drivers.
Workflow Diagram

Fig. 1. NaviGo Booking Flow

The transaction workflow in the ride-booking application begins when a user (the
customer) interacts with the frontend built using React and TypeScript. The customer
provides ride details, which are then notified to nearby drivers, initiating the ride fare
bidding process. The DApp leverages various Web3 libraries, including `ethers.js`, to
manage blockchain interactions securely. Once drivers submit their bids, the best bid is
chosen by the customer, similar to how blockchain transactions are signed and
processed. During this phase, the frontend communicates with blockchain nodes via
API keys (from services like Infura or Alchemy) to ensure secure data transfer and
interaction with smart contracts. The selected driver's information is then sent back to
the customer, confirming the ride.
Once a driver is selected and the ride confirmation fee is paid, the driver's location is
updated in real-time as they proceed for pickup.
Throughout this process, `ethers.js` facilitates the interaction with the receiver's address
`NEXT_PUBLIC_METAMASK_RECEIVER_ADDRESS`, ensuring the transaction is
broadcasted securely to the blockchain. The DApp uses state management to handle
updates, providing real-time feedback to the customer, such as driver location and ride
status. For wallet connections, libraries like `@web3-react` manage the integration with
MetaMask or other wallets.
This ensures that user authentication is secure and verified, both for the customer and
the taxi driver. The payment process is facilitated by blockchain smart contracts, with
the `ethers` library managing the transaction signing and validation. Upon the
customer's arrival at the destination, the payment is processed, with 88% of the fare
going to the driver and 12% going to the NaviGo platform, reflecting the commission
cut.
This application utilizes a modern tech stack, incorporating React for dynamic user
interfaces, Tailwind CSS for styling, and TypeScript for type safety. Blockchain
interactions are handled through `ethers.js`, and authentication is managed with
MetaMask and Clerk for a seamless user experience. The use of environment variables
and secure API key management (such as Infura and Alchemy) ensures that sensitive
data is handled securely throughout the entire transaction workflow, from ride initiation
to payment settlement.
When a customer requests a ride through the platform's responsive interface, developed
using Next.js and TypeScript. Upon receiving the request, the system notifies nearby
drivers, utilizing Mapbox for accurate geolocation. Drivers then enter a bidding
process, competing to offer the best fare, which helps lower costs for the customer. The
customer reviews the bids and selects the most favorable one based on price and
estimated arrival time. After choosing a bid, the customer pays a confirmation fee
securely through MetaMask and ethers.js, leveraging the Ethereum blockchain for
transparency. The selected driver then receives the ride details and heads to the
customer's location, tracked in real-time using Mapbox. Once the ride is completed at
the destination, all relevant data is securely recorded on the blockchain. The customer
finalizes the payment through the app, where 12% of the fare is allocated to the
NaviGo community for platform support, and 88% goes to the driver, all managed by
smart contracts. This seamless flow enhances the ride-hailing experience, making it
more efficient and user-centric.
Algorithm: -
1. User Interaction: The customer initiates a ride request through the NaviGo app's frontend, using a responsive interface
built with Next.js and TypeScript.
2. Ride Request Notification: The app sends notifications to nearby drivers about the ride request, utilizing Mapbox for
accurate location tracking.
3. Fare Bidding: Nearby drivers can submit bids for the ride, competing to offer the best fare, which allows the customer
to choose from multiple options.
4. Bid Selection: The customer reviews the submitted bids and selects the most favorable one based on criteria like price
and estimated time of arrival.
5. Payment Processing: Once a bid is selected, the customer pays a ride confirmation fee via MetaMask and ethers.js,
ensuring secure transactions on the Ethereum blockchain.
6. Driver Notification: The selected driver receives ride details and navigates to the customer's pickup location, with
real-time tracking facilitated by Mapbox.
7. Ride Completion: After arriving at the destination, the ride is marked as complete, and all relevant data is securely
recorded on the blockchain.
8. Final Payment Distribution: The customer finalizes the payment through the app, where 12% goes to the NaviGo
community, and 88% is allocated to the driver, all managed via smart contracts.
9. Community Contribution: The 12% fee supports ongoing platform maintenance and development, enhancing the
overall user experience.
 Details of Hardware / Software used
Hardware required: -
• RAM: 16GB
• Storage: 512 GB
• Processor: AMD 5800 H
• GPU: Nvidia RTX 3060

Software required: -
• Operating system: Windows 11
• IDE: Visual Studio Code
• Programming language: HTML, JavaScript, TypeScript.
• Libraries: NEXTJS, Tailwind CSS, Ethers.js, NPM, Mapbox, Clerk
• Browser extension: MetaMask
 Output

Fig. 2. Pickup and Drop-off

selection.
Fig. 3. Wallet options webpage.
Fig. 4. Notification of Confirmation transaction.
Fig. 5. Ride and Transaction Details.
 Result analysis
The NaviGo platform enhances the ride-hailing experience through a
decentralized, efficient system. By leveraging technologies like Next.js,
Mapbox, and blockchain, it enables secure fare bidding and transparent
transactions. Customers benefit from competitive pricing, while drivers receive
fair compensation. The system ensures real-time tracking and accountability,
with 12% of fares supporting community development. Overall, NaviGo fosters
trust and efficiency, transforming traditional cab services into a user-centric
solution.
 Conclusion
Our study on a blockchain-based cab booking platform highlights its potential
to transform the industry. By leveraging blockchain transparency, security, and
decentralization, users experience lower fees and fewer intermediaries, while
drivers gain higher earnings and transparent fare distribution. Blockchain
immutability ensures security and accountability, though challenges in
scalability and user adoption remain. Despite this, blockchain-based cab
booking has great potential for a more reliable and efficient future.
 References
● https://clerk.com/
● https://metamask.io/
● https://www.mapbox.com/
● https://docs.ethers.org/v5/
● https://tailwindcss.com/docs
● https://nextjs.org/docs
● https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/