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Week 7 Data Management

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Week 7 Data Management

Uploaded by

jonashmedalla887
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© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Week

MATHEMATICS AS A
TOOL:
Data Management

Mr. Armando U. Miranda Jr., MATM 111


BASIC STATISTICS
Introduction
•
to Statistics
Statistics itself came from the Latin
word “status” which means state.
• Data in statistics is always a result of
experiment, observation, investigation
and other means and often appears as a
numerical figure and then evaluated to
make it into useful knowledge.
Division of Statistics
Types of Statistics
 Descriptive Statistics – deals with the
collection and presentation of data and
collection of summarizing values to describe
its group characteristics.
Descriptive Inferential  The most common summarizing values are the
measure of central tendency and variation.
Statistics Statistics  Inferential Statistics – deals with the
predictions and inferences based on the
analysis and interpretation of the results of
the information gathered by the statistician.
 Some of the common statistical tools of
inferential statistics are the t-test, z-test,
analysis of variance, chi-square, and Pearson r.
Classification of Data
Data can be classified into major groupings
namely:
Quantitative Data Qualitative Data
(Numerical) (Categorical)

Discrete Continuous

Interval Ratio Nominal Ordinal


Variables
Variable – a numerical
characteristic or attribute
associated with the population Nominal
Categorical
being studied. They are further (qualitative)
Ordinal
classified as categorical or
qualitative and numerical or
Variable
quantitative.
Discrete
Numerical
(quantitative)
Continuous
Types of Variables
Discrete variables – values
obtained by counting.
Continuous variables –
values obtained by
measuring, all of which
cannot be put into a list
because they can have any
value in some interval of
real numbers.
Levels of Measurements
Nominal Level
a) Nominal – classifies
elements into two or
more categories or
classes, the numbers
indicating that the
elements are different
but not according to
order or magnitude
Ordinal Level
b) Ordinal – a scale
that ranks individual in
terms of the degree to
which they possess a
characteristic of
interest.
Interval Level
c) Interval – in addition to
ordering scores from high to
low, it also establishes a
uniform unit in the scale so
that any equal distance
between two scores is of
equal magnitude. There is
no absolute zero in this
scale.
Ratio Level
d) Ratio – in
addition to being
an interval scale, it
also has an
absolute zero.
Population and Sample

Population – defined as groups of


people, animals, places, things or
ideas to which any conclusions
based on characteristics of a
sample will be applied.
Sample – a subgroup of the
population.
Parameter and Statistic
Parameter – a
numerical measure
that describes a
characteristic of the
population.
Statistic –
numerical
measure that is
used to describe a
characteristic of a
sample.
Do you any questions?

If none, get ready to take your


performance task.

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