Writing a Paragraph

Ghulam Qamar
[email protected]
What is a Paragraph?
 A paragraph is a group I live in a house in west
of sentences that Provo. I like the view from our
develops an idea.
house. We have lived there since
 The first sentence of a
November. We also have a car
paragraph should be
indented. that I like very much. We were in
 The sentences in the an accident a few months ago.
paragraph support and We hit a deer that was crossing
give examples the street at night. I felt sorry for
(evidence) of the main the deer, but it cost a lot of
idea. money to repair the car.
Modified Paragraph
My parents bought our first house last November, and
we love it. It is located in west Provo near Utah Lake.
Although we cannot see the lake from our house, we do
have a beautiful view of Mount Timpanogos. Our house
has three bedrooms, two bathrooms, a living room and a
family room, and a large kitchen and dining area. We
also have a large backyard and a small garden. We are
very happy to own our own home, and I hope that we
will live there for several years.
Process of Writing a Well
Organızed Paragraph
Writing Process
"Writing" is the process of
using symbols (letters of the alphabet,
punctuation, and spaces)
to communicate thoughts and ideas in a
readable form.
Steps in Writing Process
Pre-writing: Think of ideas
Planning: Organize your ideas
Drafting: Write the first draft
Revising and Editing: Improve your writing
Pre-writing
Before you begin to write, you need to think of ideas to
write about.
Sometimes it is difficult to think of things to write about.
There are four common ways to help you think of new
ideas:
1. Brainstorming
2. Clustering
3. Free writing
Daily Routine of an Office Worker

Brainstorming
Daily Routine of an Office Worker

Clustering
Paragraph Structure
A paragraph should have a logical structure that is easy to
put into an outline:
I. TOPIC SENTENCE
II. SUPPORTING DETAIL
a. Evidence
III. SUPPORTING DETAIL
a) Evidence
IV. SUPPORTING DETAIL
a. Evidence Indent
V. CONCLUDING SENTENCE

Most paragraphs contain between 7 to 9 sentences and first line of

a paragraph is usually indented to show that there is a new
paragraph
Essentials of a Good Paragraph
Unity of ideas There are many reasons that I
A good topic love to teach. First of all, I love to
sentence teach because I love being at school.
Logical sequence of Another reason I love teaching is that
thoughts the days go by quickly. A third reason I
Variety of structure
love to teach is because I love seeing a
student understand something new.
A comprehensive
Finally, I love to teach because I love to
final sentence be around kids. These are just a few
reasons I love to teach.
Topic Sentences
A topic sentence is the sentence that tells the reader the
main idea of the paragraph.
The topic sentence should contain only one main idea. It
should be specific and detailed containing topic and
controlling idea.
The topic sentence is often found at the beginning of the
paragraph, but it can be in other places, too .
Note: Since you are a beginner, therefore, you will be required
to write the topic sentence at the beginning of the paragraph
(1st sentence of your paragraph)
Finding the Main Idea
Last summer my family went on an amazing picnic in a
park.
Being a celebrity is often difficult.
There are many reasons that I love to teach.
Although most people believe that man’s best friend is a
dog, I think it should be a cat.
People lie for different reasons.
There are several possible ways to encourage your family
to exercise more often.
Several factors can interfere with having a good memory.
Write Topic Sentence
1. Your favorite possession
2. An interesting person you know
3. A beautiful place
Splitting a Topic Sentence
Parts of a Topic Sentence
Every topic sentence has two parts: a topic (what the
paragraph is about) and a controlling idea (the direction
the paragraph will take).
• Cats are very good pets for several reasons.
• Our school's dress code policy has many negative
consequences for girls.
• The world population is strongly impacted by a lack of
access to water.
The topic tells your reader what the paragraph will be about
and the controlling idea tells them how you will explain it in this
particular paragraph.
Topic Sentence & Controlling Idea
1. There are many reasons why pollution in Karachi is the
worst in the world.
2. To be an effective CEO requires certain characteristics.
3. There are many possible contributing factors to global
warming.
4. Fortune hunters encounter many difficulties when exploring
a shipwreck.
5. Dogs make wonderful pets because they help you to live
longer.
6. Crime in poverty-stricken areas occurs as a result of
systemic discrimination.
Writing a Five Sentence Paragraph
Begin with a topic sentence
State what the paragraph is about, the topic.
Make it interesting.
Be sure to indent!!!!!!
Cats are very good pets for
topic several reasons.
 Write three detail sentences
Each sentence should tell about the topic.
Use good describing words and interesting action words.

Cats are very good pets for

topic several reasons.
They are naturally good caregivers because they take
care of their kittens, so they want to take care of their
Supportin
owners as well. Cats are quite clean, and if you train
g Details them to use a litter box, they require almost no cleanup
in their areas. Finally, cats are independent, so you don't
need to worry about them being lonely when you're at
school all day.
 Ending sentence
Restate the topic of the paragraph and Keep it interesting.
Make it a closing sentence so your reader knows this is the
end of the paragraph.
Cats are very good pets for
Topic several reasons.
They are naturally good caregivers because they take
care of their kittens, so they want to take care of their
Supportin
owners as well. Cats are quite clean, and if you train
g Details them to use a litter box, they require almost no cleanup
in their areas. Finally, cats are independent, so you don't
need to worry about them being lonely when you're at
school all day. They really are the ideal pet for
Ending almost any owner.
A Good Paragraph
A good topic
There are many reasons that I
sentence love to teach. First of all, I love to
teach because I love being at
Unity of ideas school. Another reason I love
Logical sequence of teaching is that the days go by
thoughts quickly. A third reason I love to
Variety of structure
teach is because I love seeing a
A
student understand something new.
comprehensive Finally, I love to teach because I love
final sentence to be around kids. These are just a
few reasons I love to teach.
Suggesting a Topic Sentence
Cats have been used as pets since the time of the
pharaohs in Egypt. They have been found in countries all
over the world. Obviously, cats have been the favorites of
man for hundreds of years. I suppose cats are so well liked
because they are gentle, friendly and easy to take care of.
Which of the following topic sentences is the best one for
the above paragraph?
• I like cats.
• Although most people believe that man’s best
friend is a dog, I think it should be a cat.
• Cats are useful.
Suggesting a Topic Sentence
He collects books that were written over a hundred
years ago. But he is also interested in the best sellers of
today. If I ever need to get him a present, I know I can
always please him by buying him a book.

Which of the following topic sentences is the best one for

the above paragraph?
• Reading is fun.
• Books are my father’s hobby.
• My father was a main influence in my life.
Suggesting a Topic Sentence
The most beautiful flower is the rose because it comes
in so many different colors. Another beautiful flower is the
daisy which sometimes grows wild. Spring flowers like tulips,
daffodils, and crocuses are also very pretty.

Which of the following topic sentences is the best one for

the above paragraph?
• Don’t you just love spring?
• The rose is the most loved flower the world over.
• There are many lovely flowers to consider for your
garden.
Suggesting a Topic Sentence
First, Canada has an excellent health care system. All
Canadians have access to medical services at a reasonable
price. Second, Canada has a high standard of education.
Finally, Canada’s cities are clean and efficiently managed.

Which of the following topic sentences is the best one for

the above paragraph?
• Canada is on of the biggest country .
• There are certain reasons why Canada is one of the
best countries of the world.
• Choose Canada as a great place to vacation.
 Job to do…
 Write a paragraph on “Black-marketing?”. Please make sure to
do the following.
Brainstorming of ideas
Clustering of brainstormed ideas
Production of Paragraph
 Topic sentence
 Supporting Details
 Concluding Sentence

 Write topic sentence of the topic given at slide 6

 Write the sentences given at slide 15 and underline the main
idea
 Write the sentences given at slide 19 and underline the topic
and controlling idea.
 Paragraph writing test
Write a paragraph on one of the topics
mentioned below.
Total Mrks : 5
time allowed …. minutes (Copying and
cheating zero marks)
(a)The uses of technology (technology means all
types of technology)
(b) Man V/S Machines
(c) Artificial Intelligence
 The uses of technology
Technology is the most useful form of science for the general population.
In simple words, technology is when we take the concepts of science and
transform them into gadgets and devices that are useful to us as human
beings. When we look around us, almost everything is a result of or a
form of technology. Right from the products utilized in this university like
electricity, and all the working machines with the use of electricity like air
conditioned, fan, lights, lifts, multimedia etc, the building of this
university could not be constructed with out the help of the technology,
right from making of the bricks, crush, cement and iron etc. The last not
the least the cell phones and computers of the present time. Medical,
agriculture, transportation, education, space crafts, every field of life is
occupied with this sort of scientific inventions.
 Types and uses of computers
There are three types of computers which include
analogue, digital, and hybrid computers. The speed as
well as accuracy of each computer is classified. The
computer has several functions other than processing
and storing data. It helps control the machine, organize
the business, sell services and products and definitely it
is also used for academic purposes. The computer has
found way in our daily lives with its great usefulness. In
the present age and in upcoming times life with out
computers can not be made easy and useful.