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 Reading – Unit
2
SCIENCE &
TECHNOLOGY

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 01
Lesson preparation
02
Exam focus
• Vocabulary – Science & Flowchart/Diagram completion
Technology

• Grammar – Word form

03 Practice
04
Glossary

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 01
Lesson
preparation
• Vocabulary – Science & Technology

• Grammar – Word form

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 Vocabulary

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Exercise 1. Complete the words below

Word Part of Meaning

speech
1. c_nd_nse V To make something change from a gas to a liquid or
🡪 ……………………... solid state
condense
2. /məʊld/ N, V A container that you pour a liquid or soft substance
🡪 ……………………... into, which then becomes solid in the same shape as
mould the container
3. /ˈpɪɡmənt/ N A substance that gives something a particular colour
🡪 ……………………... when it is present in it or is added to it

pigment

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Exercise 1. Complete the words below

Word Part of Meaning

speech

4. repr_ducti_n N The act or process of producing babies, young animals

🡪 ……………………... or plants
reproduction

5. /sel/ N The smallest basic unit of a plant or animal

🡪 ……………………...
cell
Exercise 2. Fill in each blank with the suitable word

vapour anti-aging interrupt hypothesis

techno-savvy reproduction stainless combine

stainless
1. The company is famous for providing knives made of ……………………….. steel
with reasonable price and high quality.
hypothesis
2. The researcher set up experiments to test the ………………………..
anti-aging
3. The ……………………….. properties of green tea are widely discussed at present.
techno-savvy employed for its hi-tech industries.
4. The state needs more ………………………..

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Exercise 2. Fill in each blank with the suitable word

vapour anti-aging interrupt hypothesis

techno-savvy reproduction stainless combine

vapour
5. Water ……………………….. condenses to form clouds.
combine
6. Hydrogen and oxygen ……………………….. to form water.
reproduction
7. Scientists studied the ……………………….., diet, and health of the dolphins.
interrupt
8. Caffeine and alcohol may ……………………….. sleep and cause poor sleep
quality.
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 Vocabulary

English Vietnamese

Condense (V) Làm đặc

Mould (N) Khuôn
Pigment (N)
Sắc tố
(Adj)
Stainless Không gỉ
(Adj) Chống lão hóa
Anti-aging

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 Vocabulary

English Vietnamese

Vapour (N) Bốc hơi

Reproduction (N) Sự sinh sản

Cell (N) Tế bào

Hypothesis (N) Giả thuyết

Techno-savvy/tech-savvy (Adj) Am hiểu công nghệ

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Grammar

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 Exercise 1. Make these adjectives negative in meaning by choosing the
correct prefix. Write the words in the correct columns

honest sincere regular legal possible friendly capable

patient logical expensive formal loyal correct happy
polite sensitive practical obedient responsible comfortable

Un- Ir- Im-

Unfriendly Irregular Impatient

Unhappy Irresponsible Impolite
Uncomfortable Impractical
Impossible
 Exercise 1. Make these adjectives negative in meaning by choosing the
correct prefix. Write the words in the correct columns

honest sincere regular legal possible friendly capable

patient logical expensive formal loyal correct happy
polite sensitive practical obedient responsible comfortable

In- Il- Dis-

Insincere Incorrect Illegal Dishonest

Incapable Insensitive Illogical Disloyal
Inexpensive Informal Disobedient
 Exercise 2. Put the word in brackets into the right form using the suitable
prefixes/suffixes

disagree
1. I think I (agree) ……………………… with your opinion. I don’t find it convincing
enough.
illiteracy
2. It is said that Morocco will have put an end to (literacy) ……………………… by 2030.
impossible
3. It seems (possible) ……………………… to do this task. I think the numbers are
wrong.
arrangements
4. Special (arrange) ……………………… can be made for guests with disabilities.
homeless
5. The scheme has been set up to help (home) ……………………… people.
 Exercise 2. Put the word in brackets into the right form using the suitable
prefixes/suffixes
undeniable
6. The link between poverty and bad health is (deny) ………………………
misunderstanding
7. All contracts are translated to avoid any (understanding) ……………………………
between the companies.
skillful
8. Thanks to her (skill) ……………………… handling of the affair, the problem was
solved.

9. He was (famous) infamous

……………………… for his anti-feminist attitudes.
prehistoric
10. One of the major changes in (historic) …………………….. Britain
was the gradual shift away from hunter-gathering towards settled
agriculture.
 Prefix Meaning Example
Anti-, De- Against, opposite Anti-aging, Decompose
Dis-, In-, Im-, Il-, Ir-, Non-, Un- Not Disconnect, Irregular
Em-, En- Cause to Emphasis, Encounter
Fore-, Pre- Before Forehead, Forecast
In-, Im- In Indoor, Imbalance

Grammar Mid-
Inter- Between
Middle
International, Interact
Midday, Midnight
notes Mis- Wrongly Misunderstanding, Misjudge
Over- Over Overlook, Overdue
Re- Again Reschedule, Return
Semi- Half Semifinal, Semicircle
Prefix Sub-, Under- Under Subtitle, Underground
Super- Above Superman, Superstar
Trans- Across Transatlantic, Transaction
Co- Together, With Coordinate, Coworker
 Suffix Meaning Example
-ance, -ence An action or state Importance,
Difference

-ant, -ee, -er, -or A person Employee, Teacher

Grammar -wise In relation to Likewise, Otherwise

notes -ship Position held Friendship, Internship

-ful Notable for Handful, Playful
-less Without Homeless,
Suffix Meaningless

-ess Make a feminine form Waitress, Actress

-able Can be done Preventable,
Countable

-y Characterized by Sunny, Dirty

 02
Exam focus
Diagram/Flowchart completion

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Example 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS

from the passage for each answer. N

Write your answers in boxes 6-8 on your

answer sheet. Ns N/Adj

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 Reading strategies
Diagram/Flowchart completion

- Identify the limited number of words

- Underline keywords from questions
- Predict the type of word (noun, verb, adjective…)

- Locate and scan the information from the text

(Use the linking and sequence words in the text
to follow the order of the diagram/flowchart
correctly)

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Example 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

compressed
6. …………………….

7. tiny droplets
…………………….

N
When the compressed air passes
through the hose into the gun, it
Ns N/Adj atomises the water - that is, it
disrupts the stream so that the water
splits up into tiny droplets.
Example 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.

ice crystals
8. …………………….

The droplets are then blown out of

N the gun and if the outside
temperature is below 0°C, ice crystals
Ns will form, and will then make
N/Adj
snowflakes in the same way as
natural snow.
Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer

N/Ns
Ns

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Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer

When 2DG is
administered to animals

glucose that eat normally,

N glucose reaches cells in
abundance but the drug
prevents most of it from
being processed and thus
reduces ATP synthesis.

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Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer

One possibility relates to the

ATP-making machinery’s
emission of free radicals, which
are thought to contribute to
aging and to such age-related
diseases as cancer by
damaging cells. Reduced
operation of the machinery

free should limit their production

radicals and thereby constrain the
Ns
damage.
Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer

Another hypothesis suggests

that decreased processing of
glucose could indicate to
cells that food is scarce (even
if it isn’t) and induce them to
shift into an anti-aging mode
N/Ns
that emphasizes
preservation
preservation of the organism
over such ‘luxuries’ as
growth and reproduction.
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 03
Practice

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Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

bar codes
morning coffee

For example, an alarm clock can be … they can even order new
programmed to send a message to groceries as required, because they
the coffee maker to begin brewing are able to scan and log bar codes
the morning coffee of food items taken from inside.
Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

channels
save

… it is fun being able to change A techno-savvy house can save energy by

lowering the temperature setting and switching
channels by speaking to the TV and
off appliances and lights that are not required. It
to use the Internet in conjunction
can also manage heaters, the air conditioning,
with the television and fans in such a way as to save energy.
Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

Activate
safe haven

an exit
monitor

At the time of a fire, the fire alarm would

Being able to monitor security from a
activate and the techno-savvy house's 'brain'
central system makes the home a safe
immediately calls the fire brigade. It would
haven for all occupants.
also turn on the lights that lead to an exit…
Exercise 1. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

However, any techno-savvy home has a major

vulnerability; it relies on a power supply. If this
were to be interrupted, chaos would prevail.
Being connected to a battery system is essential,

power cut so there is a back-up energy supply should there

be power cut.
Exercise 2. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the Reading Passage for each answer.

powder

heated

First, the pieces of ochre were rubbed on quartzite slabs and crushed to produce a red
powder. This was combined with ground-up mammal bone, the traces of which show signs
that it was heated before being ground.
Exercise 2. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the Reading Passage for each answer.

liquid/water

shells

The ochre powder and the bone pieces were mixed with charcoal, stone chips, quartz
grains and a liquid (perhaps water) and was then transferred to abalone shells to be gently
stirred before being ready for application.
Exercise 2. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the Reading Passage for each answer.

decoration
sunscreen

Made from an array of materials, this mixture, which could have functioned as wall, object
and skin decoration or skin protection (acting in a similar way to modern-day sunscreen),
indicates the early developments that occurred in the people who originally used the site.
Exercise 3. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD

ONLY from the
passage for each
answer Novalak
The original patent outlined a three-stage process, in
which phenol and formaldehyde (from wood or coal)
were initially combined under vacuum inside a large
egg-shaped kettle. The result was a resin known as
Novalak, which became soluble and malleable when
heated
Exercise 3. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage Other substances were then
for each answer introduced: including fillers, such as
wood flour, asbestos or cotton, which
Fillers increase strength and. moisture
resistance, catalysts (substances to
speed up the reaction between two
chemicals without joining to either)
Hexa
and hexa, a compound of ammonia
and formaldehyde which supplied the
additional formaldehyde necessary to
form a thermosetting resin.
Exercise 3. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each

answer

The resulting granular powder was raw

Bakelite, ready to be made into a vast
Raw
range of manufactured objects.
Exercise 3. Read the passage below and do the following task

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each

answer

In the last stage, the heated Bakelite

pressure was poured into a hollow mould of the
required shape and subjected to
extreme heat and pressure; thereby
‘setting’ its form for life.
 04
Glossary

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 Exercise 1. Read the definitions and then complete the words. There is one space
per letter. Some letters have been given to help you

1. The introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing

something: in _innovation
_______

2. A scientific test that is done in order to study what happens and

to gain new knowledge: ex experiment
________

3. Progress or development in a particular activity or area of

understanding: ad _advance
____

4. To change the form of something: tr _transform

______
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 Exercise 1. Read the definitions and then complete the words. There is one space
per letter. Some letters have been given to help you

5. To examine the nature or structure of something, especially by

separating it into its parts, in order to understand or explain it: an _analyze
____

6. An important development that may lead to an agreement or

achievement: br breakthrough
__________

7. One of several parts of which something is made: co _ component

______

8. To watch and check something over a period of time in order to see how
it develops: mo _ _monitor
___
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Exercise 2. Find the mistake in each sentence then correct

1. Modern water boilers are highly efficiency in fuel use. efficient

2. The information can be transmitted wireless. wirelessly

3. Materials are transform from their original state into other forms. transformed

4. Universities should work with the private sector to foster innovate innovation
and entrepreneurship.

5. They are employed as monitor to make sure that the organization monitors
works within the law.

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 English Vietnamese

Breakthrough (N), (Adj) Đột phá

Innovation (N) Sự cải tiến

Component (N) Thành phần

Wireless (Adj) Không dây

Monitor (N), (V) Giám sát

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 English Vietnamese

Experiment (N), (V) Thí nghiệm

Analyze (V) Phân tích

Efficient (Adj) Hiệu quả (có kết quả tối ưu)

Advance (N), (V) Nâng cao

Transform (V) Biến đổi

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 HOMEWORK

1. Hoàn thành phần Homework trang 39, 40, 41 – Unit 2.

Science & Technology sách giáo trình IELTS Foundation
Reading & Writing.
2. Hoàn thành Vocabulary test – Unit 2. Science &
Technology trên app IMAPEducare.
3. Chuẩn bị Lesson preparation trang 45, 46, 47 và
Glossary trang 59, 60 – Unit 3. Cultural & Festivals
sách giáo trình IELTS Foundation Reading & Writing.