Scribd
Upload
16 views40 pages

Truss

Uploaded by

sachdevjanvi23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
16 views40 pages

Truss

Uploaded by

sachdevjanvi23
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 40

Reactions at Supports and Connections for a

Two-Dimensional Structure

• Reactions equivalent to a
force with known line of
action.

4-1
Reactions at Supports and Connections for a
Two-Dimensional Structure

• Reactions equivalent to a
force of unknown direction
and magnitude.

• Reactions equivalent to a
force of unknown
direction and magnitude
and a couple.of unknown
magnitude
PRESENTATION
ON
TRUSS
ANALYSIS
AGENDA
 What engineering structure is?

 how many type of trusses are there?

 Determination of axial forces in the


members through joint method
Engineering structures
 These are defined as any system of
connected members built to support or
transfer forces acting on them and to
safely withstand these forces .
Types of structures

Machin
Truss Frame
e
What trusses are??
 It is a system of uniform bars or members
joined together at their ends by rivetting or
welding.
 They are constructed to support loads
 The members of a truss are straight members
and the loads are applied only at the joints
 Every member of a truss is a two force
member
 Members of a truss are slender and not
capable of supporting large lateral loads.
Loads must be applied at the joints.
truss

Members of a truss are slender and not capable of


supporting large lateral loads. Loads must be
applied at the joints.

6-9
Frames
 It is structure consisting of several bars or
members pinned together and in which
one or more than one of its members is
subjected to more than two forces
 They are designed to support loads and
are stationary structures
Supports for trusses
 One end of the truss is hinged supported
 Other end is roller supported.
 On hinged support there are two
reactions; one is horizontal reaction and
the other is vertical reaction
 On the roller support there is only vertical
reaction.
Conditions for perfect truss
 For a truss to be perfect there is the
relationship between its joints and
member which is:
 M = 2j – 3
 M = no. of members
 J = no. of joints
Stability Criteria

m=2j- Truss Perfect

3
m<2j-3 Truss unstable

m>2j-3 Statically
indeterminate,
Redundant structure
Example

m (Number of 13
members) =
j (Number of joints) 8 m=2j-3
=
Number of supports=2
The truss is Statically
determinate if the
equations of equilibrium
alone are sufficient to
determine the axial
forces in the members.
Equations of Equilibrium
 For a body to be in equilibrium it should
satisfy the equations of equilibrium Which
are;
 ∑FH = 0; sum of all the horizontal forces
 ∑Fv = 0; sum of all the vertical forces
 ∑M = 0; sum of all the moments about
any point
Special conditions for solving a
truss
 When two  When there are
members meeting three members
at a joint are not meeting at a joint,
collinear and there of which two are
is no external force collinear and third
acting at the joint, be at an angle and
then the forces in if there is no load
both the members at the joint the
are zero force in the third
member is zero
example
Axial forces in the
members
 There are two types of axial forces in the
members.
 Tensile forces.
 Compressive forces.
Straight Members
Forces act along the axis of the
member

Compressive forces tend to Tensile forces tend to elongate the


shorten the member . member .

F F

F F
Compressive and tensile forces
in members

WHEN THE DIRECTION OF WHEN THE DIRECTION OF ARROW


ARROW IS TOWARDS THE JOINT IS AWAY FROM THE JOINT THEN
THEN THERE IS COMPRESSIVE THERE IS TENSION OR TENSILE
FORCE IN THE MEMBER FORCE IN THE MEMBER
Assumption
s

1) Truss members are


connected together at their
ends only.
2) Truss members are
connected together by
frictionless pins.
3) The truss structure is loaded
only at the joints.
4) The weight of the member
Analysis through joint
method
Method of joints to solve a
truss problem.
 Find out all the support reactions i.e.
reactions in horizontal and in vertical
directions.
 Assume and mark the directions of force
in all the members of truss.
 Draw free body diagram for each joint.
 Start to calculate from a joint where not
more than two unknown forces are there.
Example

Use the method


of joints to
determine the
force in each
member of the
truss shown in the
Fig. State
whether each
member is in
tension or
compression
Find all the support reactions
 In general the reactions
at hinge can have two
components acting in
horizontal and in the
vertical directions. As
there is no horizontal
external force acting on
the truss, so the
horizontal component
of reaction at ‘A’ is
zero. So, here we need
to find out vertical
reactions RA & RC .
Reactions at ‘A’ & ‘c’

 ∑MA=0; -2000 (1.5)-4000(4.5)+ Rc x 6= 0


Rc = 3500N

∑Fv = 0 ; RA + Rc – 2000 – 4000 =0


RA = 2500.
Assuming and marking of
forces in members
Joint ‘A’

 ∑FH =0; FAB –FAD cos 60˚= 0 ------(i)


 ∑Fv =0; RA - FAD sin 60˚ = 0 ------(ii)
FAD = RA / sin 60˚ = 2500/0.866
FAD = 2887N(C)
Using (i), FAB = FAD cos 60˚= 2887 x 0.5
FAB = 1443N(T)
Joint ‘C’

∑FH =0; -FCB + FCE cos 60˚= 0 ------(iii)

∑Fv =0; RC - FCE sin 60˚ = 0 ------(iv)

FCE = RC / sin 60˚= 3500/0.866

FCE = 4041N(C)

From (iii), FCB = FCE / cos 60˚ = 4041/0.5

FCB = 2020.5N (T)


Joint ‘D’

∑FH =0; FDB cos 60˚+FAD cos 60˚- FDE = 0 ------(v

∑Fv =0; FAD sin 60˚- FDB sin 60˚- 2000= 0 ------(vi

FDB = (2887x 0.866 – 2000)/0.866

FDB = 577N(T)

From (v), FDB cos 60˚+FAD cos 60˚= FDE

FDE = 577 x 0.5 + 2887 x 0.5

FDE = 1732N(C)
Joint ‘E’

∑FH =0; FDE +FEB cos 60˚- FCE cos


60˚=0

FEB cos 60˚= FCE cos 60˚- FDE

FEB = (4041x 0.5 – 1732)/0.5

FEB = 577N (C).


If any of the value of
forces comes out to be
negative then it means the
the force inside is opposite
to that of we assumed
Method of Sections
Solve the Truss by section method:
AC = 6.92 kN (Compression)
AE = 3.46 kN (Tension)
BD = 10.0 kN (Compression)
BE = 8.66 kN (Tension)
CD = 7.0 kN (Compression)
ED = 5.2 kN (Compression)
CE = 5.2 kN (Tension)
FCF = 0.589 kN 1C2 FEB = 2000 N 1T2
The End

You might also like