Introduction to Virtualization

The Long Island Chapter of the IEEE Circuits and Systems (CAS) Society

Morty Eisen
Marcum Technology
April 28th, 2011

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 Presentation Outline
“Introduction to Virtualization”

• What is Virtualization
• The Traditional Server Concept
• The Virtual Server Concept
• Virtual Machines
• Benefits of Virtualization
• Server Consolidation
• Virtualization– Key Solutions / Use Cases
• Top 3 Economic Reasons For Virtualization
• Server, Storage and Network Consolidation
• Virtualization Delivers Tangible Business Outcomes
• Experienced App Owners Trust Virtualization for Toughest Workloads
• What is Available Today
• VMware – Recognized as the Virtualization & Cloud Leader (2010)
• What is Available From VMware
• VMware vSphere: Ready to Virtualize All Applications
• Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
• Virtual Distributed Network Switch
• The Disadvantages of Virtualization
• System Virtualization - Present State
• Modernizing the Desktop – Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
• Cloud Computing Takes Virtualization to the Next Step
• Private, Hybrid and Public Clouds

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 What is Virtualization
• Virtualization abstracts the underlying physical structure of various
technologies. Virtualization, in computing, is the creation of a virtual
(rather than actual) version of something, such as a hardware
platform, operating system, a storage device or network resources
[1]

• Server virtualization[2]
– Creates multiple isolated environments
– Allows multiple OS’s and workloads to run on the same physical
hardware
– Solves the problem of tight coupling between OS’s and hardware

(1) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtualization
(2) Anil Desai IEEE Computer Society, Austin Chapter April 18th, 2007 3
You Know Virtualization Is Real
When It Makes It To Dilbert

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 The Traditional Server Concept

5
VMware Inc., Virtualization Overview, http://www.vmware.com/pdf/virtualization.pdf
The Virtual Server Concept

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 Virtual Machines
Virtual machines provide:
– Hardware independence –
Guest VM sees the same
hardware regardless of the host
hardware

– Isolation – VM’s operating

system is isolated from the host
operating system

– Encapsulation – Entire VM
encapsulated into a single file
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 Benefits of Virtualization
• Simplified administration • Software Development
• Hardware • Testing / Quality Assurance
independence/portability • Product evaluations /
• Increased hardware utilization demonstrations
• Training
• Server consolidation • Disaster Recovery
• Decreased provisioning times
• Improved security

Virtualization Features Virtualization Scenarios

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Anil Desai IEEE Computer Society, Austin Chapter April 18th, 2007
 Server Consolidation

Anil Desai IEEE Computer Society, Austin Chapter April 18th, 2007 9
Virtualization – Key Solutions / Use Cases
Server Consolidation and Containment – Eliminate server
sprawl by deploying systems into virtual machines

Infrastructure Provisioning – Reduce the time for provisioning

new infrastructure to minutes with sophisticated automation
capabilities.
Business Continuity – Reduce the cost and complexity of
business continuity by encapsulating entire systems files that can
be replicated and restored onto any target server
Test and Development – Rapidly provision and re-provision test
and development servers; store libraries of pre-configured test
machines
Enterprise Desktop – Secure unmanaged PCs. Alternatively,
provide standardized enterprise desktop environments hosted on
servers.
Legacy Application Re-hosting – Migrate legacy operating
systems and software applications to virtual machines running on
new hardware for better reliability
VMware Virtual Infrastructure NERCOMP Server Virtualization Event September 25th, 2006
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 Top 3 Economic Reasons For
Virtualization

1 Reduce Physical Infrastructure Cost

Reduce Datacenter Operating Cost

2
(e.g. Power & Cooling)

Minimize Lost Revenue Due to

3 Downtime

VMware Virtualization: The Right Investment For a Tough Economy Juine 2009
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 Server, Storage and Network Consolidation

Before After
1,000 servers with DASD 50 servers with SAN and NAS
200 racks 10 racks
3000 network cables 300 network cables
400 power whips 20 power whips

VMware Virtual Infrastructure NERCOMP Server Virtualization Event September 25th, 2006
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Virtualization Delivers Tangible Business
Outcomes
Reduction in Datacenter Reduction in Datacenter Reduction in Risk
Capital Expense Operating Expense
$14,235 2.0-3.0 $30 MM

$5,694
0.3 – 1.0

$4 MM

Before After Before After Before After

Business Loss Due to
Infrastructure Cost per App Sys Admin per 100 Apps*
Datacenter Outage**

* Source: IDC and VMware TAM program

** Source: VMware customer – a $2bn insurance company. Estimates based on 40 hrs needed to recover before virtualizing and 4.5
hrs needed for the same recovery after virtualization. 13
 Virtualization Reduce Energy Consumption

Highest consolidation rates on most secure and

reliable virtualization platform
Safely improve utilization rates
80% energy reduction

Dynamic server and storage migration

Power off unneeded servers in real-time
Migrate storage dynamically
25% energy reduction

Host desktop PCs in the datacenter

Use thin clients, double refresh cycle
Reduce storage for similar desktop images
70% energy reduction

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Copyright © 2005 VMware,
Mare, Inc.Inc.
All All
rights
rights
reserved.
reserved.
Experienced App Owners Trust Virtualization for Toughest Workloads

% of Application Instances running on VMware in

Customer Base
53%
43% 42%

38% 25%
25%
18%

MS MS MS SQL Oracle Oracle XenApp SAP

Exchange SharePoint Middleware DB

Source: VMware customer survey, January 2010, sample size 1038

Data: Total number of instances of that workload deployed in your organization and the percentage of those instances that are
virtualized

In a recent Gartner poll, 73% of customers claimed to use x86

virtualization for mission critical applications in production
Source: Gartner IOM Conference (June 2008)
“Linux and Windows Server Virtualization Is Picking Up Steam” (ID Number: G00161702)

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 What is Available Today
VMware
• VMware released ESX and GSX 1.0 in 2001. Virtual Center released in 2003.
– Has the most experience
– Is the farthest along
– Very mature product suite
– Focus is on integrating IT process automation around virtualization
Citrix
• Citrix Xenserver acquired Xensource on August 15th, 2007
– Has working low cost server virtualization solution
– Focus is on client virtualization
Microsoft
• Microsoft Hyper-V (formerly ‘Windows Server Virtualization’)
– Standalone version released in October 2008
– Real solution (one with HA) has been out since August 2009.

Paul Schaapman CDW Solutions Architect Servers, Storage & Virtualization Solutions Practice 16
 What is Available From VMware
• VMware’s vSphere
– Key Features
•Patch Management
• Market Leader
•Fault Tolerance built in
• Virtualizes 54 Guest OSs
•Certified on over 450
• Server virtualization solution
servers
with HA and load balancing
•FC, iSCSI, NFS Supported
• Enhanced vMotion
•Power Management
• Memory Over commit
•Distributed switch
• Transparent Page Sharing
•Supports storage
management
•Storage vmotion

Paul Schaapman CDW Solutions Architect Servers, Storage & Virtualization Solutions Practice
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 Modernizing the Desktop – Virtual Desktop Infrastructure

Persona Modern Centralized

Desktop Management
Applications

Operating System
Desktop
Delivery

E2_CloudWhiteboardView_2011-03-15 Eric Elgar Vmware 18

 Virtual Distributed Network Switch
Cisco Nexus 1000V Architecture

Server 1 Server 2 Server 3

VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM VM
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #11 #12

VEM
VMware vSwitch NexusVEM
VMware 1000V
vSwitch VMware vSwitch
VEM
VMW ESX VMW ESX VMW ESX

Virtual Supervisor Module (VSM)

 Virtual
Virtual or Physical
Ethernet appliance
Module (VEM)
running Cisco OS (supports HA)
 Enables advanced networking Virtual Center
Cisco Nexus
Performs
capability on1000V
management,Enables:
monitoring,
the hypervisor
 & configuration
Policy Based VM Connectivity
 Provides each VM with dedicated Nexus 1000V
 Tight integration
Mobility of Networkwith
& VMware
Security
“switch port”
Virtual Center
Properties
 Collection of VEMs = 1 Distributed
 Switch
Non-Disruptive Operational Model

VSM
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Cisco Nexus 1000V Ralf Eberhardt
The Disadvantages of Virtualization
• Virtualization may not work well for:
– Resource-intensive applications
• VMs may have RAM/CPU/SMP limitations
– Performance testing
– Hardware compatibility testing
– Specific hardware requirements
• Custom hardware devices
• Some hardware architectures or features are impossible to
virtualize
– Certain registers or state not exposed
– Unusual devices and device control
– Clocks, time, and real-time behavior

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System Virtualization - Present State

•Data center and desktop computing successfully use virtualization to

•Better utilize computing capacity
•Balance computing load
•Manage complexity and parallelism
•Improve security by isolation

•Mobile and embedded computing currently lag behind since

•Most hypervisors only support the x86 platform
•Most hypervisors require large memories
•Most hypervisors have poor real-time support
•Most hypervisors are inefficient with microkernel OSs
•Full-virtualization is not available. Operating system source code
needs to be available and must be modified
•Suitable open source-code hypervisors are not available

:
©2009 Nokia V1-stm06468.ppt / 2009-09-28 / STConsequence
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Cloud Computing Takes Virtualization to the Next
Step

• You don’t have to own the hardware & the

staff
• You “rent” VMs & services as needed from a
ITaaS provider (IT as a Service)
• There are multiple public cloud providers
– e.g. Amazon EC2 and many others
(Verizon, iland, Rackspace, Savvis , HP, IBM)
• The Cloud will provide IT similar to public utilities
providing electricity, gas, and water

20090909_Virtualization And Cloud Computing Norman Wilde & Thomas Huber UWF 22
You Know The Cloud Is Real When It
Makes It To Dilbert

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Questions? 24
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