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Information System Development

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Information System Development

Uploaded by

2h8ct5tvh9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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12 September 2024

Information System
Development
• Communication between different
departments of an organization is
crucial for ensuring efficient business
operations.
• The flow of information between
varied departments is handled
Introducti through the information system.
on Effective designing of the information
system then is an important facet of
the information flow.
• The System Development Life Cycle
is a process of not only analysing but
also designing an information system
following a phase-wise approach.
• After going through this unit,
you will be able to:
• Explain SDLC and its phases
UNIT • Describe the fact-finding
technique
OBJECTIVE • Discuss the concept of data flow
S diagram
• Assess flow chart
• Analyse the security and control
issues in information system
System Development Life Cycle is a
set of activities carried out by the
systems analysts and system
designers to develop an information
system
The fundamental need for using a
SYSTEM life cycle model is to provide a basis
DEVELOPMEN that helps in controlling the various
T LIFE CYCLE activities required for developing
and maintaining a system

Another need for using a life cycle


model is that it helps in defining the
entry and exit criteria for every
phase of the system life cycle.
Enables effective communication: SDLC
enhances the understanding of the
system life cycle and provides a specific
basis for the execution of software
development life cycle.

Advantag Facilitates process reuse: System


development is a time-consuming and
es of expensive activity; therefore, the system
development team utilizes the existing
SDLC processes for different projects.
Effective: The reusable system life cycle
models provide an effective means for
system development.
SDLC models

Rapid
Classic
Prototyping Application
waterfall Spiral model
model Development
model
(RAD) model

Incremental
V Model …
model
• A general process model
consists the following
phases:
Phases of • Requirement Analysis
SDLC • Software design
• Coding
• Testing
• Implementing and evaluating
The requirement analysis phase determines
the functionality of information system and
constraints under which the system will work.

Requirem The requirement analysis phase is divided into


ent two activities, problem analysis and
requirement specification
Analysis
The requirements specification document
specifies all the functional and non-functional
requirements, input and output format of all
the phases of the information system
development process and the constraints
under which the system will work.
solution to the problem that is analysed in the requirement
analysis phase is planned

Software most crucial phase as it affects all the later phases of the

Design
information system development process

involves specifying the methods that can be used for


dealing with the problems that can occur during the
system development process
Problem Problem Problem
Problem Problem of Problem of of
of scale of quality productivi of cost schedulin consisten
ty g cy
• The output of the software design
phase is in the form of three
documents: architecture design, high-
level design and detailed design
• The architecture design document
specifies software as a collection of
Software different components and the
relationship between the components
Design • The high-level design document specifies
the modules and their specifications that
are required to develop the software.
• The detailed design document specifies
the implementation logic of the modules
specified in the high-level design
document
The modules designed in the software
design phase are implemented using a
programming language
The purpose of this phase is to implement
the modules in an optimized manner.

Coding The code should be simple to read and


understand.

An optimized code reduces the testing and


maintenance effort.
The output of the coding phase is the
software that satisfies the information
system requirements
The purpose of the testing phase is to
detect defects in the information system

Testing of information system involves:


• Unit testing
• Module testing

Testing •
•
Subsystem testing
System testing.
• Acceptance testing

The testing phase is the most time-


consuming phase of the SDLC.
The output of the testing phase is in the
form of two types of reports, test and
error reports.
Implementation is a process of ensuring that the
information system is operational and then allowing
the users to use and evaluate it.

Implementing a system also involves training the users


to handle the system. The systems analyst needs to
Implementi plan for a smooth conversion from the old system to
the new one by converting files from old formats to

ng and new ones

Evaluating The total evaluation of the system is done in this final


phase.
the System
After the system is installed, it must be maintained for
the following two reasons:

• To find out system errors


• To enhance the system’s capabilities
Training is a process of providing
knowledge about the system to
the users

Training
Possible training sources include
the following:
System In-
Extern Other
Vendor s house
al paid system
s analyst trainer
trainer users
s s
Direct changeover

Conversion is the
method to replace Parallel
the old system conversion
with the new one

Conversi The five strategies


for converting the
old information
Gradual (Phased)

on
conversion
system into the
new one:

Modular Prototype
conversion

Distributed
conversion

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