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Capacitor Charging & Discharging

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Walahewage Chamila Chandrakanthi Sumathiratna
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27 views

Capacitor Charging & Discharging

Uploaded by

Walahewage Chamila Chandrakanthi Sumathiratna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Capacitors

Capacitor

Dielectric material

Insulating material called


Dielectric

Dielectric material
Capacitor Charging

Initially plates
are neutral
Capacitor Charging

Potential
V
V Difference

Charging will be stopped when


Potential Difference= Supply Voltage
Electric Field in Charged Capacitor

d
Electric Field E= V/d

• Due to the potential


difference an electric
field is set up
between plates
Capacitor Discharging
• Electrons flow
through the
bulb and
deposit in
positive plate .
This neutralizes
the plates. The
bulb stop
lighting once
the flow of
electrons
ceased
Capacitance
• Ability of the
capacitor to
store the
charges is
called as
Capacitance
Charge Stored
• Q- Amount of
Charge
• C- Capacitance
• V-Voltage
Charging of a Capacitor-water Analogy

• Initial Rate of water


flow depends on the
Valve.
• Total water capacity
of beaker is much
less then tank.
• Water will flow into
beaker till water level
in it becomes equal
to that of tank.
• Flow rate will be
reduced with time
Capacitor Charging
Capacitor Discharging
Exponential Graph
e =2.7
Equations for Charging

• It is considered that the capacitor is fully


charged or discharged within 5 time constants
• It is considered that the capacitor is fully
charged or discharged within 5 time constants

• It is considered that the capacitor is fully


charged or discharged within 5 time constants.
Capacitor Charging and Discharging Circuit
• Introduced a resistor to delay the
charging.
• If a resistor is connected in series
with the capacitor forming an RC
circuit, the capacitor will charge
up gradually through the resistor
until the voltage across it reaches
that of the supply voltage.
• The time required for the
capacitor to be fully charge is
equivalent to about 5 time
constants or 5T. Thus, the
transient response or a series RC
circuit is equivalent to 5 time
constants.
• T=RC

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