NETWORK

TYPES
 Parameter LAN MAN WAN
Full Form LAN is an acronym for MAN is an acronym for WAN is an acronym for
Local Area Network. Metropolitan Area Wide Area Network.
Network.
Definition LAN is a network that MAN is a comparatively The WAN network spans to
and Meaning usually connects a small wider network that covers an even larger locality. It
group of computers in a large regions- like towns, has the capacity to connect
given geographical area. cities, etc. various countries together.
For example, the Internet is
a WAN.
Network The LAN is private. The MAN can be both The WAN can also be both
Ownership Hospitals, homes, schools, private or public. Many private or public.
offices, etc., may own it. organizations and telecom
operators may own them.
Maintenance Very easy to design and Comparatively difficult to Very difficult to design and
and maintain. design and maintain. maintain.
Designing
 Speed LAN offers a very high MAN offers a moderate WAN offers a low Internet
Internet speed. Internet speed. speed.
Delay in It faces a very short It faces a moderate It faces a high propagation
Propagation propagation delay. propagation delay. delay.
Congestion The congestion in the It exhibits a higher network It exhibits a higher
network is very low. congestion. congestion in the network.
Communicatio LAN allows a small MAN allows multiple A huge group of computers
n Allotment number of computers to computers to interact can easily interact with
establish a communication. simultaneously with each each other using the WAN.
other.
Uses Schools, homes, colleges, It basically covers a city, a It covers an entire country,
hospitals, offices, etc., can small town, or any given a subcontinent, or an
privately use it. area with a bigger radius equivalent area.
than the LAN.
● PAN (Personal Area Network): Its range limit is up to 10 meters. It is created
for personal use. Generally, personal devices are connected to this network. For
example computers, telephones, fax, printers, etc.
● LAN (Local Area Network): It is used for a small geographical location like
office, hospital, school, etc.
● HAN (House Area Network): It is actually a LAN that is used within a house
and used to connect homely devices like personal computers, phones, printers, etc.
● CAN (Campus Area Network): It is a connection of devices within a campus
area which links to other departments of the organization within the same campus.
● MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): It is used to connect the devices which
span to large cities like metropolitan cities over a wide geographical area.
● WAN (Wide Area Network): It is used over a wide geographical location that
may range to connect cities and countries.
● GAN (Global Area Network): It uses satellites to connect devices over the
global area.
● VPN (Virtual Private Network) : VPN is a private WAN (Wide Area Network)
built on the internet. It allows the creation of a secured tunnel (protected network)
between different networks using the internet (public network). By using the VPN,
a client can connect to the organization’s network remotely.

Advantages of VPN :
1. VPN is used to connect offices in different geographical locations remotely and
is cheaper when compared to WAN connections.
2. VPN is used for secure transactions and confidential data transfer between
multiple offices located in different geographical locations.
3. VPN keeps an organization’s information secured against any potential threats
or intrusions by using virtualization.
4. VPN encrypts the internet traffic and disguises the online identity.
How a VPN Works ?
Imagine you are working from home, but you need to access a confidential file
stored on the server at ISMT College. Due to Covid-19, you're unable to go to the
college. To securely access this file, you can use a VPN (Virtual Private Network).
Here's a step-by-step breakdown of how a VPN can help:

1.VPN Client Setup: At home, you install a VPN client on your laptop. This VPN
client is a piece of software that allows your laptop to connect to a VPN server over
the internet.

2.VPN Tunnel Creation: When you connect to the VPN, the VPN client
establishes a secure connection, often called a VPN tunnel, over the public internet.
This tunnel is encrypted, meaning any data transmitted through it is unreadable to
anyone who might intercept it.
3. Data Encryption: The data you send and receive, including your login
credentials and the confidential file, is encrypted. This means that even if a hacker
or your local ISP tries to intercept your data, they won't be able to read it.

4. IP Address Masking: The VPN client also hides your real IP address. Instead,
the IP address of the VPN server is visible to the outside world. This makes it much
harder for anyone to track your online activities back to you.

5. Connecting to ISMT Network: Once the encrypted data reaches the VPN server,
it is decrypted and sent to the ISMT College server. The college server responds,
and the data is sent back to the VPN server, encrypted again, and then sent back
through the VPN tunnel to your laptop.

6. Secure Access: Through the VPN tunnel, you securely access the confidential file
without exposing your data to potential hackers or your ISP.
What is difference between VPN and Proxy Server ?

• A VPN and proxy server both mask your IP address. But a VPN will also encrypt
the data you send and receive, something that a proxy server doesn't do.

• A proxy works only with a single app or service, while a VPN secures all your
internet traffic and encrypts it for extra security and privacy.

• Proxy is suitable for internet browsing. It only works on the application level,
meaning it only reroutes the traffic coming from a single app you set your proxy
up with. However, VPN works on the operating system level, meaning that it
redirects all your traffic, whether it’s coming from your browser or a background
app.
What is Public Network ?
A public network is a type of network wherein anyone, namely the general public,
has access and through it can connect to other networks. Example Internet.

What is Private Network ?

Private Network or Intranet is owned by a single organization and is a tool for
sharing information throughout the organization. It is the type of Internet that is
used privately.

What is Extranet ?
An extranet is a private network that enterprises use to provide trusted third
parties - such as suppliers, vendors, partners, customers and other businesses -
secure, controlled access to business information or operations.

Intranet is being accessed via public network is also a Extranet. It requires user
credentials i.e. log in id and password.