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DLDZ

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26 views18 pages

DLDZ

Uploaded by

rasoolaamir99
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NUMBER SYSTEMS

DIGITAL LOGIC DESIGN


OUTLINE

 Number Systems

 Base Conversion
 Decimal to Octal, Decimal to hexadecimal
 Octal to Decimal, hexadecimal to Decimal
 Binary to Octal, Binary to hexadecimal
 Octal to Binary, hexadecimal to Binary
 Octal to hexadecimal, hexadecimal to Octal

 MSB, LSB

 Complement
 1’s Complement
 2’s Complement
NUMBER SYSTEMS

 Decimal
 10 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8

 Binary
 2 digits
 0,1

 Octal
 8 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7

 Hexadecimal
 16 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
NUMBER SYSTEMS
 Decimal
 10 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
 Binary
 2 digits
 0,1
 Octal
 8 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
 Hexadecimal
 16 digits
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal
0 0000 0 0

NUMBER SYSTEMS 1 0001 1 1


2 0010 2 2
 Decimal 3 0011 3 3
 10 digits 4 0100 4 4
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8
5 0101 5 5
 Binary 6 0110 6 6
 2 digits 7 0111 7 7
 0,1
8 1000 10 8
 Octal 9 1001 11 9
 8 digits 10 1010 12 A
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7
11 1011 13 B
 Hexadecimal
12 1100 14 C
 16 digits
13 1101 15 D
 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,A,B,C,D,E,F
14 1110 16 E
15 1111 17 F
DECIMAL TO BINARY

 Using Successive Divisions

 Example: Convert (55)10 to(?)2


 2 | 55
 2 | 27 ------ > 1
 2 | 13 ------ > 1
 2|6 ------ > 1
 2|3 ------ > 0
 2|1 ------ > 1

 Answer = (110111)2
DECIMAL TO OCTAL

 Using Successive Divisions

 Example: Convert (378.93)10 to(?)8


 8 | 378
 8 | 47 ------ > 2
 8|5 ------ > 7
 8|0 ------ > 5

 Answer = (572)8
DECIMAL TO HEXADECIMAL

 Using Successive Divisions

 Example: Convert (378.93)10 to(?)16


 16 | 2598
 16 | 162 ------ > 6
 16 | 10 ------ > 2

 Answer = (A26)16
DECIMAL TO BINARY, OCTAL, HEXADECIMAL (OTHER SYSTEMS)

 Using Successive Divisions, by other system’s base

Example: Convert (55)10 to(?)2 Example: Convert (378.93)10 to(?)8 Example: Convert (378.93)10 to(?)16

2 | 55 8 | 378 16 | 2598
2 | 27 ------ > 1 8 | 47 ------ > 2 16 | 162 ------ > 6
2 | 13 ------ > 1 8 | 5 ------ > 7 16 | 10 ------ > 2
2|6 ------ > 1 8 | 0 ------ > 5
2|3 ------ > 0 Answer = (A26)16
2|1 ------ > 1 Answer = (572)8

Answer = (110111)2
BINARY TO DECIMAL

 Example: Convert (110111.01)2 to(?)10


 1x2^5 + 1x2^4 + 0x2^3 + 1x2^2 + 1x2^1 + 1x2^0 + 0x2^-1 + 1x2^-2
 1x32 + 1x16 + 0 + 1x4 + 1x2 + 1 + 0 + 1x0.5
 32 + 16 + 4 + 2 + 1 + 0.5
 55.5

 Answer = (55.5)10
OCTAL TO DECIMAL

 Example: Convert (4057.06)8 to(?)10


 4x8^3 + 0x8^2 + 5x8^1 + 7x8^0+0x8^-1 + 6x8^-2
 2048 + 0 + 40 + 7 + 0 + 0.937

 Answer = (2095.0937)8
HEXADECIMAL TO DECIMAL

 Example: Convert (5C7)16 to(?)10


 5x16^2 + Cx16^1 + 7x16^0
 1280 + 192 + 7

 Answer = (147)10
BINARY TO OCTAL
 Partition digits into group of 3

 Example: Convert (01010101)2 to (? )8


 001 010 101
 1 2 5

 Answer : (125)8
BINARY TO HEXADECIMAL
 Partition digits into group of 4

 Example: Convert (01010101)2 to (? )16


 0101 0101
 5 5

 Answer : (55)16
OCTAL TO BINARY
 Substitute Binary for each digit

 Example: Convert (555)8 to (? )2


 5 5 5
 101 101 101

 Answer : (101101101)2
OCTAL TO HEXADECIMAL & HEXADECIMAL TO OCTAL

 Method 1: Convert Octal to Decimal and then Decimal to hexadecimal

Octal Decimal Hexadecimal

 Method 2: Convert Octal to binary and then binary to hexadecimal

Hexa
Octal Binary
decimal
OCTAL TO HEXADECIMAL

 Convert Octal to binary and then binary to hexadecimal


 Simplest way

 Example: (756.603)8

Octal 7 5 6 . 6 0 3

Binary 111 101 110 . 110 000 011


hexadecimal-
0001 1110 1110 . 1100 0001 1000
Binary
hexadecimal 1 E E . C 1 8
HEXADECIMAL TO OCTAL
 Convert hexadecimal to binary and then binary to Octal
 Simplest way

 Example: (B9F.AE)16

hexadecimal B 9 F . A E
Binary 1011 1001 1111 . 1010 1110
Octal-Binary 101 110 011 111 . 101 011 100
Octal 5 6 3 7 . 5 3 4

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