ENERGY
C ONSERVATI
ON SYSTEM
Presented BY:-
Dr.A.FRANKLIN ALEX
JOSEPH
Associate Professor,EEE
St.Joseph’s College of Engg,
Thanjavur
ENER
GY
➢ Energy can neither be created nor it can be
destroyed. It can only be converted from one
form to another.
➢ For example :
• In a room heater, electrical energy is converted to
thermal energy.
• Turbine converts mechanical energy stored in
steam to electrical energy.
TYPES OF
ENERGY
➢Energy can be broadly divided into two
categories-
• Renewable energy
•Non-renewable energy
RENEWABLE
ENERGY
➢ Renewable energy can be generated
continuously practically without decay of source.
➢ Example :
• Solar
• Wind
• Geothermal
• Hydro
• Biomass
• Tidal
EFFECT OF POLLUTION
SOLAR
➢
ENERGY
Solar Energy can be converted into
electrical energy by using solar
panels.
➢ Solar powered electrical generation
depands on heat engines and
➢ photovoltaic's.
Examples : SOLAR CELLS
• Solar cooker
• Solar
• heater
Solar cells :
➢ Advantages SOLAR HEATER
• Solar energy doesn’t produce Carbon dioxide.
• It have minimal impact on environment.
➢ Disadvantages :
• It is not constant, it depends on weather
conditions, time and location.
OPERATION OF SOLAR ENERGY
WIND
ENERGY
➢ Wind energy generated by wind turbines
is mainly used to generate electricity.
India is world's fifth largest producer of
electricity generation in this area.
➢ Advantages :
• Wind turbines (often called windmills) do
not release emissions that pollute the air or
water.
➢ Disadvantages :
• Installation and maintenance cost is very
high.
• Only few places are there in world where
WIND TURBINES
wind blow continuously throughout the
year.
OPERATION OF WIND ENERGY:-
OPERATION OF WIND ENERGY:-
HYDRO
➢
ENERGY
Hydro energy is generally
generated from running water
using various mechanical methods. Hydroelectric
Dam
➢ Examples:
• Dams
• Tidal Barrages
• Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion
(OTEC) system
➢ Advantages :
• Produces very less amount of carbon
dioxide.
• It is also being used to control flood
and for irrigation purposes.
➢ Disadvantages:
• Natural environment is destroyed.
OPERATION OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
OPERATION OF HYDRO POWER PLANT
SIMPLE POWER GENERATION PROJECT
GEOTHERMAL
ENERGY
➢ Geothermal energy is heat from
within the Earth. We can recover this HOT SPRINGS
heat as steam or hot water and use
it to heat buildings or generate
electricity.
➢ Examples :
• Hot springs
• Fumaroles (smoke)
• Geysers
➢ Advantages :
• Carbon dioxide emission levels are
very low. They release less than 1% of
the carbon dioxide.
➢ Disadvantages :
• Installation cost is very high.
• Release various kind of harmful gases.
BIOMASS
ENERGY
➢ Biomass is organic material made from
plants and animals waste.
(microorganisms).
➢ When it is burned, the chemical energy in
biomass is released as heat .
➢ Examples :
• Methanol (from animal waste)
• Ethanol
• Biodiesel(liquid biomass)
➢ Advantages :
• Equipment (biogas plant) installation cost is
less.
• Helps in garbage reduction.
➢ Disadvantages :
• Releases high amount of sulphurous gases.
TIDAL
➢The energy contained in ENERGY
ocean waves
can potentially provide an unlimited
source of renewable energy.
➢Ocean waves are created by the
interaction of wind with the surface of
the sea.
➢Advantages :
•It doesn't produce greenhouse gases and
its life is very long.
•It’s efficiency is around 80%.It doesn’t
require any kind of fuel to run.
➢Disadvantages :
S
•Cost of construction of tidal power plant eLough, County Down, Northern Ireland, (image
acourtesy of Marine Current Turbines (MCT))
is high. -
G
e
n
NON-RENEWABLE
ENERGY
➢ Non renewable energy can’t be generated again
and again form the same source.
➢ Examples:
➢ Petroleum products ( kerosene, petrol, diesel, etc )
➢ Coal
➢ Uranium
CO
➢ Coal is a combustible black or
brownish-black sedimentary rock
AL
composed mostly of carbon and
hydrocarbons.
➢ For millions of years, a layer of dead
plants at the bottom of the swamps
was covered by layers of water and
dirt, trapping the energy of the dead
plants.
➢ The heat and pressure from the top
layers helped the plant remains turn
into what we today call coal .
➢ Disadvantages :
• Responsible for 57% of carbon dioxide in Coa
l
the air.
OPERATION OF THERMAL POWER PLANT
URANI
UM
➢ Nuclear energy is energy in the nucleus
(core) of an uranium-235 atom. Atoms are
tiny particles that make up every object in
the universe.
➢ It can be released from atoms in two
ways: nuclear fusion and nuclear fission. uraniu
m
➢ Advantages :
• Even a small amount can release enough
energy to light-up thousand of energy for
months. (1 kg uranium-235 corresponds to 2.7
million kg coal equivalent.)
➢ Disadvantages : Nuclear
• After using it in nuclear reactor then also it plant
radioactive substances is very dangerous for
human . Eg : carbonyl accident and fukushima
plant accident.
OPERATION OF NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN RENEWABLE AND NON-RENEWABLE
SOURCE OF ENERGY
➢RENEWABLE SOURCE ➢NON-RENEWABLE SOURCE
• Definition : Renewable energy • Definition : Non-renewable
can be generated continuously can’t be generated
practically without decay of continuously without decay of
source. source.
• Responsible for 3-4% of carbon • Responsible for 91-94% of
dioxide in environment. carbon dioxide in
environment.
• Not a reason behind “global • Main reason behind “global
warming”. warming”.
ENERGY
CONSERVATION
➢ Energy conservation refers to efforts made to reduce energy
consumption.
➢ Energy conservation can be achieved through increased
efficient energy use or reduced consumption from non-
renewable energy sources.
➢ Energy conservation is often the most economical solution to
energy shortages.
WHY TO CONSERVE ?
➢ We have limited fuels available on earth.
➢ Our demand for energy is increasing day-by-day.
➢ It is possible that someday, most of fuels will be exhausted ,
and we will have to switch to alternate energy.
ENERGY CONSERVATION
IN ‘INDIA’
➢ In India , government has passed “ energy conservation bill,
2001 ” for better utilization of energy and conservation of the
same.
➢ By this act, it is mandatory for energy intensive sectors to get
their “energy audit ” conducted by energy auditor.
➢ Bureau of energy efficiency : this body keeps watch on energy
consumption patterns, develops norm for appliances etc.
➢ Star ratings : BEE has also initiated “star rating system” for
electrical appliances e.g. - CFL’S , geysers, refrigerator, etc.
DATA RELATED TO ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN ‘INDIA’
➢ About 70% of India's energy generation capacity is from
fossil fuels, with coal accounting for 40% of India's total
energy
consumption followed by crude oil and natural gas at 24% and 6%
respectively.
➢By 2030, India's dependence on energy imports is expected to
exceed 53% of the country's total energy consumption. In 2009-
10, the country imported 159.26 million tonnes of crude oil which
amount to 80% of its domestic crude oil consumption .
➢ In India 31% of the country's total imports are oil imports.
What we can do ?
➢ Always switch off light and fans while going out of room.
➢ We should not open fridge frequently.
➢ While going to purchase new products eg. Geysers, television,
CFL, etc. insist for ratings ranging from 4-5 .
➢ Increase everyone's understanding of the benefits of energy
efficiency.
What we can do ?
➢RECYCLE waste materials into new products to prevent waste
of potentially useful materials.
➢REPLACE old light bulbs with energy saving fluorescent bulbs.
They may cost more, but will save you much more in the long run.
❑RECYCLING IS AN EXCELLENT WAY OF SAVING
ENERGY AND CONSERVING THE ENVIRONMENT.
Do you know that:
➢1 recycled tin would save enough energy to power a
television for 3 hours.
➢1 recycled glass bottle would save enough energy to power a
computer for 25 minutes.
➢1 recycled plastic bottle would save enough energy to power
a 60-watt light bulb for 3 hours.
➢ 70% less energy is required to recycle paper compared with
making it from raw materials.
THREE
➢ The slogan reduce, reuse, recycle is widely used to raise
R’s
awareness against the use of non-renewable source of energy.
• Reduce consumption
• Reuse manufactured products
• Recycle raw materials
SAVE ENERGY, SAVE EARTH
