Poetry

Chiara Cellini
 What is Poetry?
• Poetry is a literary work in which the expression of
feelings and ideas is given intensity by the use of
distinctive style and rhythm; poems collectively or as a
genre of literature.
• Poetry is the first major literary genre
• All types of poetry share specific characteristics.
 Types of Poetry
• Lyric Poetry

• Narrative Poetry

• Descriptive and Didactic Poetry

 Lyric Poetry
• Elegy: a formal lament for the death of a particular person. More broadly
defined, the term elegy is also used for solemn meditations, often on
questions of death
• Ode: is a long lyric poem with a serious subject written in an elevated style
• Sonnet: The sonnet uses a single stanza of fourteen lines and an intricate
rhyme pattern. Many poets wrote a series of sonnets linked by the same
theme, so-called sonnet cycles which depict the various stages of a love
relationship.
• Occasional Poetry: is written for a specific occasion: a wedding, the return
of a king from exile or a death, etc.
 Narrative Poetry
• Epics: usually operate on a large scale, both in length and topic, such as the
founding of a nation or the beginning of world history, they tend to use an
elevated style of language and supernatural beings take part in the action.
• Mock-epic: makes use of epic conventions, like the elevated style and the
assumption that the topic is of great importance, to deal with completely
insignificant occurrences.
• Ballad: is a song, originally transmitted orally, which tells a story. It is an
important form of folk poetry which was adapted for literary uses from the
sixteenth century onwards. The ballad stanza is usually a four-line stanza,
alternating tetrameter and trimeter.
 Dramatic Poetry
• Dramatic Monologue: it presents some line or speech of
single character in a particular but complicated situation
and sometimes in a dilemma
• Soliloquy: the speaker of the poem or the character in a
play delivers a passage. The thoughts and emotions are
heard by the author and the audience as well
• Oration: this is a formal address elevated in tone and
usually delivered on some notable occasions
 Dramatic Poetry
• Dramatic poetry: this includes MELODARMA, TRAGEDY
and COMEDY
Is an exaggerated form of
this genre. Melodramas deal Tragedy is an imitation of Comedy is a
with sensational and an action that is literary genre and
romantic topics that appeal admirable, complete and a type of dramatic
to the emotions of the possesses magnitude; in work that is
common audience. language made amusing and
pleasurable, each of its satirical in its tone,
species separate in mostly having a
different parts; performed cheerful ending.
by actors, not through
narration.
 Elements of Poetry

• Mood: readers feelings

• Tone: authors feelings toward poem subject
• Figurative Language: simile, metaphor, hyperbole, idiom, personification
• Imagery: author uses words that appeal to senses (sight, touch, smell, sound, taste)
• Form: chinquapin, free, verse, haiku, ballad, limerick, sonnet, ode, etc.
• Symbolism: when something represents or stands for something else
• Connotation: word association
• Denotation: dictionary meaning
• Irony: the difference between the way something appears and what is actually true.
• Stanza: division of lines into groups
 Elements of Poetry
• Meter: the rhythm or beat established by a poem
• Repetition: author repeats a word, line, or phrase for emphasis.
• Word Order: author varies word order for meaning effect.
• Rhyme: words have the same ending sound
• Alliteration: words have the same beginning sound
• Assonance: words have the same middle vowel sound
• Onomatopoeia: words formed by imitating the sound they make
 LITERARY DEVICE
• Simile: A simile is a figure of speech that directly compares two
different things using the words "like" or "as."
• Example: "He runs as fast as a cheetah."
• Metaphor: A metaphor is a figure of speech that implies a
comparison between two unrelated things to suggest a resemblance.
• Example: "The world is a stage."
• Personification: Personification is a figure of speech in which
human qualities are attributed to non-human entities or objects.
• Example: "The wind whispered through the trees."
 LITERARY DEVICE
• Alliteration: Alliteration is the repetition of initial consonant
sounds in words that are close to each other.
• Example: "Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers."
• Assonance: Assonance is the repetition of vowel sounds within
words in close proximity.
• Example: "The rain in Spain falls mainly in the plain."
• Onomatopoeia: Onomatopoeia refers to words that imitate the
sound they represent.
• Example: "The bees buzzed around the hive."
 LITERARY DEVICE
• Hyperbole: Hyperbole is an exaggerated statement or claim not meant to be taken
literally.
• Example: "I've told you a million times to clean your room!"
• Irony: Irony is a literary device in which there is a contrast between what is expected
and what actually occurs.
• Example: "The fire station burned down."
• Oxymoron: An oxymoron is a figure of speech that combines two contradictory terms.
• Example: “Deafening silence"
• Imagery: Imagery is the use of vivid and descriptive language to create mental
images in the reader's mind.
• Example: "The sun dipped below the horizon, painting the sky with shades of orange and pink."
 … MORE ELEMENTS IN
POETRY
*Mood/tone: The feelings the author's word choices give
the poem
*Theme: is it central or main idea
*Rhyme: a repetition of similar sounding words