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Pygame - Part 3 Animation

animaciones en game

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arbux.drones
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29 views

Pygame - Part 3 Animation

animaciones en game

Uploaded by

arbux.drones
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Animations

Animations
• Now that we know how to get the Pygame
framework to draw to the screen, let’s
learn how to make animated pictures.
• A game with only still, unmoving images
would be fairly dull.
• Sales of the game “Look At This Rock”
have been disappointing.
• Animated images are the result of drawing
an image on the screen, then a split
second later drawing a slightly different
image on the screen.
Animation
• Imagine the program’s window was 6 pixels wide
and 1 pixel tall, with all the pixels white except
for a black pixel at 4, 0. It would look like this:
Animation
Our First Animation
Program
• We will save it as
catanimation.py
• You will need to have the
image file cat.png to be in the
same folder as
catanimation.py
Catanimation.py

The frame rate or refresh rate is the number of pictures that the
program draws per second, and is measured in FPS or frames per second.
On computer monitors, the common name for FPS is hertz.
Many monitors have a frame rate of 60 hertz, or 60 frames per second.)
A low frame rate in video games can make the game look choppy or
umpy.
If the program has too much code to run to draw to the screen frequently
enough, then the FPS goes down.
The games we will cover won’t have this as an issue.
Pygame.time.clock()
• A pygame.time.Clock object can help us make
sure our program runs at a certain maximum FPS.
• This Clock object will ensure that our game
programs don’t run too fast by putting in small
pauses on each iteration of the game loop.
• If we didn’t have these pauses, our game
program would run as fast as the computer could
run it. This is often too fast for the player, and as
computers get faster they would run the game
faster too.
Pygame.time.clock()
• A call to the tick() method of a
Clock object in the game loop
can make sure the game runs at
the same speed no matter how
fast of a computer it runs on.
• The Clock object is created on
line 7 of the catanimation.py
program.
Catanimation.py
Catanimation.py
47. fpsClock.tick(FPS)

• The Clock object’s tick() method should be


called at the very end of the game loop,
after the call to pygame.display.update().
• The length of the pause is calculated based
on how long it has been since the previous
call to tick(), which would have taken place
at the end of the previous iteration of the
game loop. (The first time the tick() method
is called, it doesn’t pause at all.)
7. fpsClock =
pygame.time.Clock()

• In this program, it is run on line 47 as


the last instruction in the game loop.
• All you need to know is that you
should call the tick() method
once per iteration through the
game loop at the end of the loop.
Usually this is right after the call to
pygame.display.update().
FPS
• Try modifying the FPS
constant variable to run the
same program at different
frame rates.
• Setting it to a lower value
would make the program run
slower.
• Setting it to a higher value
would make the program run
Blitting
• The image of the cat was stored in a file
named cat.png. To load this file’s image,
the string 'cat.png' is passed to the
pygame.image.load() function.
• The pygame.image.load() function call will
return a Surface object that has the image
drawn on it.
• This Surface object will be a separate
Surface object from the display Surface
object, so we must blit (that is, copy) the
image’s Surface object to the display
Surface object.
Blitting
• Blitting is drawing the contents of
one Surface onto another. It is done
with the blit() Surface object method.
• If you get an error message like
“pygame.error: Couldn't open
cat.png” when calling
pygame.image.load(), then make
sure the cat.png file is in the same
folder as the catanimation.py file
before you run the program.
Blitting

• Line 39 of the animation program uses the


blit() method to copy catImg to
DISPLAYSURF.
• There are two parameters for blit().
• The first is the source Surface object,
which is what will be copied onto the
DISPLAYSURF Surface object.
• The second parameter is a two-integer
tuple for the X and Y values of the topleft
corner where the image should be blitted
to.
Catanimation.py
• The rest of the game loop is just
changing the catx, caty, and
direction variables so that the
cat moves around the window.
• There is also a call to
pygame.event.get() to handle
the QUIT event.
Catanimation.py Lab
• Type in and test the animation.
• Change the speed
• Make the cat move in the
opposite direction
• Change the cat to another
image.
What is Next?

Sound

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