DIFFERENT TYPES
OF TEST SCORES
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🙣 Test Score – It is a piece of information,
usually a number that conveys the
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performance of an examinee on a test.
Grading method communicates the
teachers’ evaluative appraisal of learners’
level of achievement or performance in a
test or task. In grading, teachers convert
different types of descriptive information
and various measures of learners’
performance into grades that will provide
feedback to learners and parents.
DIFFERENT FORMS OF
TEST SCORES
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1 . Raw Score – it is simply the number of items
answered correctly on a test. A raw score
provides an indication of the variability in the
performance of students in class.
For example : 95 / 100 ( impressive )
95 / 500 ( not good at all )
STUDENT MARKS ON PERCENTAGE
2 . Percentage 80
Score – this refer
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to the percent of OLIE 58 72.5
items answered
correctly in a test. VERA 62 77.5
The number of
items answered GOLDIE 75 93.75
correctly is typically
converted to
MANOLO 30 37.5
percent base on
the total possible
score. ATHENA 29 36.25
3 . Criterions – Referenced Grading System – provide
a measure of how well the learners have
achieved the present
standards, regardless of how everyone else
does.
Types of Criterion – 🙢
Referenced Scores or
Grades:
A . Pass or Fail Grade –
in this type of scoring, a
standard cut – off score is
preset and a learner is
given a score of Pass if he
or she surpassed the
expected level of
performance or the cut –
off score.
B . Letter Grade – this is one of the most commonly used
grading systems. Letter grades are usually
composed of
five – level grading scaled labeled from A
🙢to E.
Disadvantage: LETTER GRADES INTERPRETATION
EXCELLENT
ex: if a score C ranges A
from 76-85, learners B GOOD
who get of 76 in a
writing test and those
C SATISFACTORY
who receive a grade of
85 will both received
D POOR
letter grade of C despite
of the nine-point
E UNACCEPTABLE
difference.
(+)/(-) LETTER INTERPRETATION
GRADES
A+ EXCELLENT
C. Plus (+) and Minus
(-) Letter Grades
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A SUPERIOR
A- VERY GOOD
This grading provides a
more detailed B+ GOOD
description of the levels B VERY
learners achievement or SATISFACTORY
test performance by B- HIGH AVERAGE
dividing each grade
C+ AVERAGE
category into three
levels, such that a grade C FAIR
of A can be assigned as
C- PASS
A+, A and A-,B as B+, B
and B-, and so on. D CONDITIONAL
E/F FAILED
D. Categorical Grades- this is system of grading is
generally more descriptive than letter grades,
especially if coupled with verbal labels. Verbal labels
eliminate the need for a key or legend to explain with
each grade category mean.
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Exceeding Meeting Approachin Emerging Not
Standards Standards g Standards Standards Exceeding
Standards
Advanced Intermediate Basic Novice Below Basic
Exemplary Accomplished Developing Beginning Inadequate
Expert Proficient Component Apprentice Novice
Master Distinguished Proficient Intermediate Novice
4. Norm- Referenced Grading System- in this
method of grading, learners’ test scores are
compared with those of their peers. It
a 🙢
involves rank ordering of learners and expressing
leaner scores in relation to the
achievement of the test of the group.
TYPES OF NORM REFERENCED SCORE
4.1 Developmental Score- this is the score
that has been transformed from the raw
score and reflect the average performance at
age and grade levels.
TWO KINDS OF DEVELOPMENTAL SCORE
A. Grade-Equivalent Score- it is described as both a
growth score and status score. Grade equivalents are
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express in terms of grade and months into grades.
ex: Assuming a 10 month school year.
8.4 means-after 4 months of instruction in 8th grade,
means that the learner did as well as a grade 8 taking
a test at the end of the 4th month of the year.
B. Age Equivalent Score- indicate the age level that is
typical to a learner to obtain such a raw score. It reflect to
a learners performance in term of chronological age as
compared to those in the norm group.
ex. Learners score of 11-5 means his age is equivalent as 11
years and 5 months old, indicating a test performance that
is similar to that 11 and half years old in the norm group.
4.2 Percentile Score- this indicate the
percentage of scores that fall at or below
given score. Percentile ranks range from 1 to 99.
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ex. If the learner obtain a score of 75th
percentile rank in a standardized
achievement test, it means that the learner
was able to get a higher score than 75
percent of the learners in the norm group.
4.3 Stanine Score- this is system express test
results in nine equals steps, which range from
one (lowest) to nine (highest)
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DESCRIPTION STANINE PERCENTILE RANK
VERY HIGH 9 96 and above
ABOVE AVERAGE 8 90 - 95
7 77-89
AVERAGE 6 60-76
5 40-59
4 23-29
BELOW AVERAGE 3 11-22
2 4-10
VERY LOW 1 3 and below
4.4 Standard Score- they are raw scores that are
converted into a common scale of
measurement that provides meaningful
description of individual score with in the
description score.
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TWO COMMONLY USED STANDARD SCORE
a. Z-score- Z- scores have a mean of 0 and the
standard
deviation of 1. It is computed using the
following formula:
ex.
CLASS A CLASS B
STANDARD 1 5
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DEVIATION
MEAN SCORE 85 90
SCORE OF A 90 (LUIS) 95 (MON)
STUDENT 1
Z(LUIS) = 90-85 Z(MON) = 95-90
1 5
Z(LUIS) = 5 Z(MON) = 1
b. T-Score- is another type of standard score, where in
the mean is equal to 50, and the standard deviation is
equal to 10. It is linear transformation of Z-scores, which
has mean 0 and standard deviation. It is computed with
the following formula:
T=50 + 10Z
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THANK YOU….
