University Institute of Computing

Master of Computer Applications

Internet of Things (IoT)
Course Code: 23CAH-702

Designed By :
Dr. Kavita Jindal
Assistant Professor, ECE, UIC 1
 University Vision
To be globally recognized as a Centre of Excellence for Research, Innovation, Entrepreneurship and disseminating
knowledge by providing inspirational learning to produce professional leaders for serving the society.
 University Mission
M1: Providing world-class infrastructure, renowned academicians, and an ideal environment for Research,
Innovation, Consultancy, and Entrepreneurship relevant to society.

M2: Offering programs & courses in consonance with National policies for nation-building and meeting global
challenges.

M3: Designing Curriculum to match international standards, and needs of Industry, civil society, and for inculcation
of traits of Creative Thinking and Critical Analysis as well as Human and Ethical values.

M4: Ensuring students delight by meeting their aspirations through blended learning, corporate mentoring,
professional grooming, flexible curriculum, and a healthy atmosphere based on co-curricular and extra-curricular
activities.

M5: Creating a scientific, transparent, and objective examination/evaluation system to ensure an ideal certification.

M6: Establishing strategic relationships with leading National and International corporates and universities for
academic as well as research collaborations.

M7: Contributing for the creation of a healthy, vibrant, and sustainable society by involving in Institutional Social
Responsibility (ISR) activities like rural development, the welfare of senior citizens, women empowerment,
community service, health and hygiene awareness, and environmental protection
 Syllabus
1. Embedded
System
2. IOT UNIT 1
& Raspberry
Embedded Programming
Pi
3. Arduino
1.
Programming
1. Interfacing of Devices
2. Basic UNIT 2
Laws and
Interface Digital and Analog I/O Devices
Components
3. Various Sensor and
2. Devices

1. Embedded System
UNIT
Application 3 using
Application of Embedded systems
Arduino
3.
 Syllabus
Unit-1 Embedded Programming Contact Hours: 15
Embedded Systems
Chapter 1.1
Embedded system: Introduction to Microcontroller, Difference between microprocessor
and Microcontroller, Embedded System Characteristics & its examples, AVR
microcontroller: Types, Architecture Internal Architectural and Block diagram of
controller (-ATmega 328), Essential Peripheral circuits: Crystal Circuit, Power supply,
Oscillator Circuit.

Chapter 1.2 Introduction to IOT and Raspberry Pi

Trends in the Adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT), The Importance of the Internet
of Things (IoT) in Society, Introduction of Raspberry Pi, Pin Diagram of Raspberry,
Comparison of Arduino and Raspberry Pi
Chapter 1.3 Introduction to Arduino and Programming
Arduino: Birth, Open Source community: Features of Arduino, Functional pin details,
Diagram of Arduino UNO, Basic skeleton of Arduino programming, Function of
Arduino- Setup and Loop functions, variables, Constants and their scopes.
 Syllabus
Unit-2 Interface Digital and Analog I/O Contact Hours: 15
Devices
Chapter 2.1 Interfacing of Devices
Basic Interfacing and I/O Concept, Digital vs. Analog, voltage, denouncing,
PWM using Arduino Uno with programming. Digital: Interfacing LED,
Switch, 7seg LED, 16x2 LCD with programming Analog: Potentiometer,
LDR, Speaker, with programming

Chapter 2.2 Basic Electronics Components and Laws

Introduction to various electronics components: Resistors, Capacitors,
Inductors, Transistors, Ohm’s Law, Voltage and Current Divider rule,
Importance of Pull up and Pull down resistors

Chapter 2.3 Various Sensors and Devices

Control Units, Introduction to sensors : Gas Sensor, Temperature Sensor,
 Syllabus
Unit-3 Application of Embedded systems Contact Hours: 15
Chapter 3.1 Embedded system Applications using Arduino
Timers/counters with programming, Emphasis on various real world
applications via Interfacing Bluetooth and controlling by android phone.
Interfacing RF transmitter/receiver (2.4Ghz). Interfacing Ultrasonic Sensor
to calculate distance. Interfacing Motors, Smart Home System
 Course Outlines
1. Introduction to Microcontroller
2. History of Microcontroller
3. Introduction to Microprocessor
4. History of Microprocessor
5. FAQs

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 Learning Outcomes

After this lecture :

• Student will able to understand about Embedded systems

• Student will learn the various industrial revolutions.

• Student will able to differentiate between Embedded systems and IoT.

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 What is a Microcontroller?

Figure 1: Microcontroller IC Figure 2: Internal Structure of IC Figure 3: Flow of e- in IC

• A Microcontroller (sometimes called an MCU or Microcontroller Unit) is a single Integrated Circuit (IC)
that is typically used for a specific application and designed to implement certain tasks
• Microcontrollers usually operate at lower speeds, around the 1MHz to 200 MHz range
• Microcontrollers need to be designed to consume less power because they are embedded inside
other devices that can have greater power consumptions in other areas.
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 Introduction to Microcontroller
• Microcontrollers are widely used in embedded systems, such as home appliances, automotive
systems, medical devices, and industrial control systems
• A typical microcontroller includes a processor, memory and input/output (I/O) peripherals on a single
chip.

• Microcontrollers are often referred to as single chip devices or single chip computers.

• The main consequence of the microcontroller’s small size is that its resources are far more limited
than those of a desktop personal computer.

• Microcontroller (MCU) A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern a specific

operation in an embedded system.

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 Components of Microcontroller
• The microcontroller is essentially a simple mini-computer embedded on a single integrated chip, it
requires many of the same basic components as a larger and more complex computer. The
following are essential microcontroller components

• A microcontroller has seven main components:

 Central processing unit (CPU)
 ROM
 RAM
 Input and Output
 Timer
 Interrupt circuitry
 Buses

Figure 4: Components of Microcontroller

13
Microcontroller Families

Figure 5: Microcontroller Families

 Microcontroller Families
• 8051- These microcontrollers are old but still trendy and most of the companies fabricate these
microcontrollers. The older types of 8051 have 12 clocks per instruction whereas the recent 8051
have 6 clocks per instruction. The 8051 microcontroller does not have an in built memory bus. In
1980, Intel fabricated the single chip microcontroller 8051 with Harvard architecture.

• AVR (Advanced Version RISC) - In 1996, Atmel fabricated this single chip microcontroller with a
modified Harvard Architecture. This chip is loaded with C- compiler, Free IDE and many more
features. This microcontroller is a bit difficult for the starters to handle. The AVR was one of the
first microcontroller families to use on-chip flash memory for program storage, as opposed
to one-time programmable ROM, EPROM, or EEPROM used by other microcontrollers at the time

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 Microcontroller Families
• PIC- Programmable Interface Controller is usually referred as PIC. They are slightly older than
8051 microcontrollers but excel cause of their small low pin count devices. They perform well and
are affordable. The Microchip technology fabricated the single chip microcontroller PIC with
Harvard architecture. The programming part is very tedious and hence it is not recommended for
beginners

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 Difference between Microprocessor and Microcontroller

Microprocessor Microcontroller
• Since memory and I/O are connected • Since memory and I/O are present together,
externally, the circuit becomes large in size. the internal circuit is small in size.
• It is a central processing unit on a • It is a byproduct of the development of
single silicon-based integrated chip. microprocessors with a CPU along with
other peripherals.
• Complex and expensive due to a large
number of instructions to process. • Simple and inexpensive due to less number
of Instructions to process.
• Can run at a very high speed.
• Can run up to 200MHz or more.
• RAM, ROM, I/O units, and other
peripherals are not embedded on a • RAM, ROM, CPU and other peripherals are
single chip. embedded on a single chip.

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• Basic Architecture of Microprocessor
• Basic Architecture of Microcontroller
 Difference between RISC and CISC

RISC CISC
• Instruction takes one or two cycles. • Instruction takes multiple cycles.
• Only load/store instructions are used to access • In additions to load and store instructions,
memory. memory access is possible with other
instructions also.
• Fixed format instruction
• Instructions executed by the micro process.
• Few addressing modes
• Variable format instructions.
• Few instructions
• Many addressing modes.
• Most of the have multiple register banks
• Complex instruction set.
• Single register bank.

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THANK YOU

Dr. KAVITA JINDAL