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Basics of Computer

This is basics of computer.

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6 views

Basics of Computer

This is basics of computer.

Uploaded by

soulexiled5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basics Of Computer

DIT (Diploma in Information


Technology)
What is Computer?

 A computer is an electronic device which


takes input from the user, Process it and
gives output.

 It has the ability to store, retrieve, and


process data.

 Computer consists of several parts like CPU,


Mouse, Keyboard, Monitor, Printer, and
Speakers.
Basic Components of Computer System.

There are three basic components of


computer system.

1. CPU or system Unit


2. Input Unit
3. Output unit
Basic Components of Computer System.

1. CPU (Central Processing Unit) or System unit

 System Unit is a base for computer system That commonly known as Central
Processing unit it is an essential electronic hardware component of computer that
controls and process all functions in the computer system.

 CPU also called the brain of computer because it controls the operation of all
parts of computer.
Basic Components of Computer System.

 CPU consists of three main parts.


• CU (Control Unit)
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
• MU (Memory Unit)
Basic Components of Computer System.
Basic Components of Computer System.

• MU (Memory Unit)
“The memory unit is used to store data, instructions and information.”
MU consist of primary memory and secondary memory. In primary memory RAM
(Random Access Memory) which is primary memory that loads the required data
and erase it at the time of shutdown / restart.
In secondary memory which store information on disc drives / devices permanently
this can be used in future again and again.
• ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit)
The arithmetic logic unit is that part of the CPU that handles all the calculations
the CPU may need.
Basic Components of Computer System.

• CU (Control Unit)

It controls all the devices (peripheral devices) which attached to the computer.

2. Input Unit
Input unit /devices are used for giving input to the computer for processing. There
are many types of input devices like keyboard, mouse and scanner.

3. Output Unit
Output unit/ devices are used for giving and display output to the user. There
are many types of output devices like printer, speaker and monitor.
How to Operate a Computer?
Difference Between Sleep, Shut down and Restart

Restart temporarily shuts down the computer and


starts it again while shut down completely powers
off the computer.

Sleep mode is a power saving state that stops all


actions on the computer. This is similar to pausing
a movie DVD. The computer is still powered on,
but uses low power.
Disadvantages of Direct Shutdown the PC

Sometimes it can have negative effect on the hardware and


software i.e. OS of the computer. Direct shutdown may
result of the loss of data permanently or the modification
of a unsaved data. It also results hard disk crash and loss
of each data in the system.
What is Mouse?
A mouse typically controls the motion
of a pointer / Cursor.

An important function of a
computer mouse is to move the cursor
Types of mouse
from place to place, open an icon,
close or open an application, select a 1 Standard
folder.
2. Optical
What is Keyboard?

A computer keyboard is a device used to enter


characters and functions into the computer
system by pressing buttons, or keys.

keyboard typically contains keys for


individual letters, numbers and special
characters, as well as keys for specific
functions.
Keyboard Keys
The keys on your keyboard can be divided into several groups based on
function:

• Control keys

• Function keys

• Navigation keys

• Numeric keypad

• Alphanumeric Keys
What is Monitor?

A monitor is an electronic device with


a screen used for display of television
pictures or computer information.
What is Hardware?
Hardware is the physical parts of
Computer that can be seen or touched.
This includes the computer casing,
monitor, keyboard, and mouse. It also
includes all the parts inside the
Computer casing.

“Hardware is tangible element of


Computer.”
What is Software?

The set of instructions given to the computer to perform a task is called


software.

“Software is Intangible element of Computer.”

There are two main types of software.

(1) System Software

(2) Application software.


What is System Software?

(1) System Software

System software is computer software


designed to operate and control the
computer hardware and to provide a
platform for running application
software. Best example of system
software is Operating System.
What is Application Software?

(2) Application software

It is a software that performs specific


tasks for user. Examples of
Application software is Microsoft
Office.

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