PRODUCTION OF 200 METRIC TPA
VCM BY USING ETHYLENE PROCESS
UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF ABDULLA SHEIKH (ASSISTANT
PROFFESOR)
PRESENTED BY:
P.NAVEEN(22335A0817)
S.DIVIJA(21331A0844)
V.NAVEEN(22335A0822)
V.TEJO ASHISH(22335A0821)
CONTENTS
• Introduction
• Properties
• Applications
• Methods of production
• Materials and Method of production
• Process flow sheet
• Future work
INTRODUCTION
• Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula C2H3Cl. It is
also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM) or chloroethene. This
colorless compound is an important industrial chemical chiefly used to
produce the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Vinyl chloride monomer
is among the top twenty largest petrochemicals (petroleum-derived
chemicals) in world production. Vinyl chloride is a flammable gas that
has a sweet odor and is carcinogenic.
PROPERTIES
Chemical formula C2H3Cl
Molar mass 62.50 g·mol−1
Appearance Colorless gas
Odor pleasant
Density 0.911 g/cc
Melting point −153.8 °C (−244.8 °F; 119.3
K)
Boiling point −13.4 °C (7.9 °F; 259.8 K)
Solubility in water 2.7 g/L (0.0432 mol/L)
Vapor pressure 2580 mmHg at 20 °C (68 °F)
APPLICATIONS
• Vinyl chloride, also called vinyl chloride monomer (VCM), is
exclusively used as a precursor to PVC. Due to its toxic
nature, vinyl chloride is not found in other products.
Poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC) is very stable, storable and not
toxic.
• Until 1974, vinyl chloride was used in aerosol spray
propellant.
• Vinyl chloride was briefly used as an inhalational anaesthetic,
in a similar vein to ethyl chloride, though its toxicity forced
METHODS OF PRODUCTION
• Production of VCM by using ACETYLENE process
• Production of VCM by using ETHYLENE process
• Production of VCM by using ETHANE process
MATERIALS AND METHOD OF PRODUCTION
Process technologies for producing vinyl chloride can be
differentiated based on raw materials, i.e: acetylene, ethylene,
and ethane. One of the process technologies for making vinyl
chloride is ethylene oxychlorination denotes a chemical
reaction where oxygen and hydrogen chloride react with
ethylene in the vapor phase with the addition of a copper
chloride catalyst to produce 1,2-dichloroethane and water. The
oxychlorination reaction allows the use of hydrogen chloride as
a molecular substitute for chlorine. General characteristics of
the catalytic gasphase oxychlorination process at temperatures
of 200-300 °C and pressures of 0.4-0.6 MPa. HCl and ethylene
conversions of 93-97% were achieved at contact times of 0.5 -
40 seconds with selectivity to EDC of 91-96%. The manufacture
The resulting 1,2-dichloroethane is then continued to the EDC
(1,2-dichloroethane) pyrolysis process, which is an endothermic
reaction that operates at a temperature of 480-550 °C and a
pressure of 3-30 atm with a 1,2-dichloroethane conversion of 50-
60%. The reaction in the gas phase without catalyst was carried
out at a temperature of 500-550 °C, a pressure of 2.0-3.0 MPa, a
residence time of 10-20 s, and a conversion of 1,2-dichloroethane
of 50-60% with a yield of vinyl chloride obtained of 95-99%. The
reaction that occurs in the pyrolysis of 1,2-dichloroethane to vinyl
chloride and HCl follows the following equation:
C2H4Cl2 C2H3Cl + HCl.
PROCESS FLOW SHEET
FUTURE WORK
• Plant Optimization
• Material and energy balance
• Cost estimation
• Environmental Compilance
