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0714-313:digital Signal Processing: Week-01 Syeda Rukaiya Hossain

Digital signal 1

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11 views

0714-313:digital Signal Processing: Week-01 Syeda Rukaiya Hossain

Digital signal 1

Uploaded by

ahmed22205131052
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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0714-313:Digital Signal Processing

Week-01
Syeda Rukaiya Hossain

Dept. of Electrical and Electronic Engineering


DIU
Signals

 Signals contain stream of information.


 Information about the state or behavior of a system.
 Information generally has a pattern of variations.
 Hence, a signal can be represented mathematically as a function of one or more independent variables.

1D signal: speech (independent variable- time (t)),


2D signal: Image (independent variable- spatial variables (x, y))
3D signal: video (independent variables- spatial variables (x, y) and time(t))
System and Signal Processing

• System: Signal generation is associated to system


(system response to source/stimulus/force/excitation)

• A device that performs operation on signals.


(physical device or software realization)
Example: Noise reduction filter, frequency analyzer

• Signal Processing: Manipulate signal to get some


processed information
 Filtering: Extract/remove certain portion
 Compression
 Coding
Various Types of Signals

 Continuous-time (analog) and discrete-time signals


 Continuous valued and discrete valued signals
 Digital Signal (discrete-time and discrete amplitude)
 Multi-channel Signal
 Multi-dimensional Signal (1D, 2D, 3D…)
 Deterministic and random signals
Analog Signal Processing

Most real-world signals are analog.


 They are continuous in time and amplitude.
 Convert to voltage or currents using sensors and
transducers.

Analog signal processing examples


 Analog circuits: Resistors, Capacitors, Inductors, Amplifiers,…
 Audio processing in FM radios
 Video processing in traditional TV sets
Digital Signal Processing
Digital signals: discrete both in time and amplitude.

Steps:
1. Sampling : A continuous to discrete-time conversion
2. Quantization: An interpretation of a continuous quantity by a finite set of discrete values
3. Coding: Conversion of information into binary numbers.

 Represent signals by a sequence of numbers: Sampling or A/D conversions


 Perform processing with a digital processor: Digital signal processing
 Reconstruct analog signal: Reconstruction or digital-to-analog conversion
Advantages of Digital Signal Processing
✓ Better Accuracy and tolerances, Less undesired nonlinearities)
✓ Better storage facility and scope of offline computation
✓ Flexibility to modify/reconfigure the design by simply changing the programs (in analog SP,
needs redesign, testing, verification)
✓ Opportunity for repeatability
✓ Less sensitive to electrical noise
✓ Ease of implementation
✓ Lower cost
✓ Software processing reduces the need for unique circuits in varying conditions.
Applications of Digital Signal Processing
 Audio signal processing: Audio broadcast, noise control, music/audio storage, data
compression, speech signal processing, acoustic detection, sound recognition, equalization.
 Image processing: Classification, feature extraction, multi-scale signal analysis, pattern
recognition, projection, filtering, video processing, computer vision.
 Digital communication: Cellular telephony, video conferencing, digital TV, digital radio,
telemetry, internet.
 Biomedicine: Biomechatronic devices, prosthetic devices, neural mapping, diagnosis, therapy.
Medical imaging.
 Weather forecast
 Computer Graphics
 Radar and Sonar
 Seismology
Thank You

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