VARIOUS

CONTEMPORA
RY ART FORMS
IN THE
PHILIPPINES
Contemporary art as the art of today is more of the creative
and critical self-
expression of the artist. Culture can contribute to the
emerging art works that can
instill different perspective among the enthusiast and viewer
of the art.
To understand contemporary art forms, you need to
revisit the Philippine Art
aesthetic timeline from most primal to its contemporary
form.
PRE COLONIAL ART PERIOD
(6185BC– 1520 AD)

• Old Stone Age (Paleolithic)

• Age of Horticulture/Neolithic Period
• Metal Age
• Iron Age
Old Stone Age
(Paleolithic)
Old Stone Age (Paleolithic) Espinosa Ranch Site, Cagayan 16000- 8000 BC

The proof of earliest man's presence was recovered from a ranch site in Cagayan
Province-two flake tools dated about 9 million years, the oldest man-made object
associated with the fossils proboscidean, a prehistoric elephant.
Other flake tools are recovered in Tabon Caves, Palawan and some stone tools in
Bolobok Cave, Sanga-Sanga in Tawi-Tawi.
Age of
Horticulture/Neolithic
Period

• Shell Bracelets and

Pendants
(Neolithic)
Shell Bracelets and Pendants
(Neolithic)

Cagayan, Palawan, and Sorsogon 4854 BC

Shells were fashioned into tools, as well as
ornaments. The oldest known ornaments
made from cone shells were found in the
early 1960’s in the grave of an adult male
in Duyong Cave in Palawan. A shell disk
with a hole in the center was found next to
his right ear and a disk with a hole by the
edge was found on his chest. The shell
ornaments were dated 4854 B.C.
AGONO
PETROGLYPH
S
Agono Petroglyphs -are oldest known work
of art in the Philippines located in the
province of Rizal. There are 127 human
and animal figures engraved on the
rockwall probably carved during the late Neolithic
(3000 BC).
Lingling-o (2000 ВС 1000
AD)
Duyong Cave, Palawan, a kind of ear pendant fashioned from green
nephrite (jade) is the characteristic trait of the Early Metal Age. One of
the finest jade ornaments found to date is the double- headed pendant
recovered from Duyong Cave, Palawan. It is an example of the superb
craftsmanship of ancient carving in jade.

Manunggul Jar Burial jar excavated from a Neolithic burial site

in Manunggul cave of Tabon Cave at Lipuun Point at Palawan dating
from 890-710 B.C.
Agono Petroglyphs -are oldest known work
of art in the Philippines located in the
province of Rizal. There are 127 human
and animal figures engraved on the
rockwall probably carved during the late Neolithic
(3000 BC).
METAL AGE

• MAITUM JAR
Maitum Jar (Metal Age: 190 BC to 500
AD)
In 1991, the National Museum
archaeological team discovered
anthropomorphic secondary burial jars in
Ayub Cave, Barangay Pinol, Maitum,
Sarangani Province, Mindanao,Philippines.
Pre-colonial traditional art has religious
symbols, every day activity such as
fishing, farming, etc., or a specific
decorative art pattern to the community.
• It has either the influence of local religion
(animistic) or Islamic based.
• There is also an exchange of art
aesthetics and art processes with Chinese and other Asian countries who
frequent as
traders with our indigenous groups.
Baybayin is a Tagalog ancient script also
known in Visayan as badlit. It is derived
from Brahmic scripts of India and first
recorded in the 16th century. It continued
to be used during the Spanish colonization
of the Philippines up until the late 19th century.
Other Pre Colonial Art

• Pottery
• Weaving
• Tattoo
• Jewelry
• Carving
• Metal Craft
WEAVIN
G
JEWELR
Y
CARVIN
G
METALCRAFT
Other Pre Colonial Art

• Okir
The Okir (motif) is an artistic cultural heritage of the Maranaos of
Lanao,
Philippines. It is an artistic design of the
Maranao native inhabitants of southern
Philippines beginning from the early 6th
Century C.E. before the Islamization of the
area. Okir is a design or pattern often
rendered or curved in hardwood, brass,
silver and wall painting in curvilinear lines
and Arabic geometric figures.
PATTERNS OF OKIR
In the book of Dr. Nagasura Madale, it
explains that the Okir has patterns which
are used by the Maranao artists.
1. Matilak (circle)
2. Poyok (bud)
3. Dapal (leaf)
4. Pako (fern or spiral form)
5. Todi
(fern leaf with spiral at upper edge)
6. Pako
lungat (fern leaf with a cut at one edge)
Another elements found by Dr. Madale are:
Naga, obid-obid binotoon, kianoko,
pakonai and tialitali.
COMMON THEME OF THE OKIR
Torogan known as the flower symbol of the
ancestral home of the highest title holder
in a Maranao village. The prominent part is
panolong, carved beam that protrudes in
the front of the house. It symbolizes power
and prestige.
• Nāga or serpent
• Sarimanok, a chicken-like figure that
carries a fish in its beak
Introduced formal Painting, Sculpture and
Architecture which was inspired by the
Byzantine, Gothic, Baroque and Rococo art
styles.
• Most artworks are Religious (Catholic)
based
• Artworks bear the Philippine themed
décor even with Spanish influence
Byzantine Painting Style: Attributed to
Maître à la Ratière, Battle of Marignano,
1515
Byzantine frescoes 11th–12th-century
Church of Panayia Phorviotissa Cyprus.
Langit, Lupa at Impierno Josef Luciano
Dans ca. 1850
Byzantine art refers to artistic products of
the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, as
well as the nations and states that
inherited culturally from the empire. These
are more Christian based art.
Baroque Aesthetics: Cathedral Church of
Saint Mary in Murcia, Spain
Filipino interpretation: Miagao Church also
known as the Sto. Tomas de Villanueva
Parish Church Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines
The Baroque is often thought of as a period
of artistic style that used exaggerated
motion and clear easily interpreted detail
to produce drama, tension, exuberance,
and grandeur in sculpture, painting,
architecture, literature, dance, theater,
and music
Rococo Art

originated in early 18th

century Paris, is characterized by
whimsical, curvy lines and elaborately
decorative style of art, whose name derives
from the French word 'rocaille' meaning,
rock-work after the forms of sea shells.
Gothic Art

is the style of art produced in

Northern Europe from the middle ages up
until the beginning of the Renaissance.
Typically rooted in religious devotion. It is
especially known for the distinctive arched
design of its churches, its stained glass,
and its illuminated manuscripts
Uprising of the Philippine Artist

In the formation of the elite Filipino class,

the Ilustrado paved way for the rich locals
to study abroad. In that case, a more
“academic” and “western” approach has
been learned.
• The Filipino Classicism is formed that
borrows the Neoclassicism, Romanticism
and even a hint of Impressionism
Father of Filipino Painting: DAMIAN DOMINGO

First Filipino to paint his face, the first Self-Portrait in the

Philippines Founder of the Academia de Dibujo y 9
Pintura, the first school of drawing in the Philippines
(1821) One of the known artists of the decorative art
illustrations tipos del pais watercolor paintings that depict
local costumes. It also became an album of different
native costumes.
Juan Luna y Novicio
was a Filipino
painter, sculptor and a political activist of
the Philippine Revolution during the late
19th century.
• His Spoliarium won the gold medal in
the 1884 Madrid Exposition of Fine Arts
Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo

One of the greatest Filipino painters along

with fellow painter Juan Luna in the 19th
century
• His work has a touch of Romanticism
and aesthetics of the Neoclassicism
Two Filipino Art Style developed during
the Spanish Era
• Miniaturismo art style- that pays
attention to the embroidery and
texture of the costume.
• Letras y Figuras art style- that
fuses letters with figures in every
day activity amidst a common
background. Usually used in
painting a patron’s full name
AMERICAN COLONIAL ART PERIOD (1898-
1946)
The American brought in Education and
Values Formation, with both following the
“American way of life” (Alice Guillermo,
Sining Biswal, 1994, p. 4)
Popular Art Style during the Philippine
American Colonial Period
Neoclassicism in Architecture: The White
House
Neoclassicism in Philippine Architecture:
Manila City Hall
Art Deco in Architecture Chrysler Building
Art Deco in Philippine Architecture
Metropolitan Theater
Art Nouveau in Architecture Old England
building built in Art Nouveau style. Musée
des instruments de musique – Bruxelles
Art Nouveau in Philippine Architecture Uy-
Chaco Building
ART NOUVEAU
a style of decorative art, architecture, and design
prominent in western Europe and the US from
about 1890 until World War I and characterized by
intricate linear designs and flowing curves based
on natural forms. It is also called style moderne, a
movement in the decorative arts and architecture
that originated in the 1920s and developed into 11
a major style in western Europe and the United
States during the 1930s. It is characterized by
simple, clean shapes, often with a "streamlined"
look ornament that is geometric or stylized from
NOTABLE ARTIST: FABIAN DELA ROSA

• The brightest name in Philippine painting

after Luna and
certainly the leading
Master of Genre in
the first quarter of
the century.
• His nephews are
artists as well, Pablo
and Fernando
NOTABLE ARTIST: FERNANDO
AMORSOLO

• A portraitist and painter of rural

landscapes. He is best known for his
craftsmanship and mastery in the use of
light.
• His art styles:
Impressionism, Luminism,
Realism with subjects
inspired by Philippine
genre and historical,
nudes and society
portraits
• First awardee of the
National Artist Award in 1972
NOTABLE ARTIST: GUILLERMO
TOLENTINO

• Won The National Artist Awards for

Sculpture in 1973
• He is consider as the "Father of
Philippine Arts" because of his great
works like the famous "Bonifacio
Monument" symbolizing Filipinos cry for
freedom and "The Oblation" in UP
signifying academic freedom.
EMERGENCE OF PHILIPPINE PRE-
MODEN ART: TRIUMVIRATE OF
PHILIPPINE MODERN ART

Victorio Edades • Carlos “Botong” Francisco

• Galo B. Ocampo
Introduced the Modern Art styles such as
pop art, maximalism, minimalism,
abstraction, expressionism,
constructivism, magic realism, and
environmental art before the World War II
THE LEGEND OF THE 13 MODERN ART
Victorio Edades, Carlos Francisco Galo B
Ocampo, Hernando R. Ocampo, Cesar
Legaspi, Diosdado Lorenzo, Vicente
Manansala Anita, Magsaysay-Ho Demetr
Diego Ricarte, Purugunan Bonifacio,
Cristobal Arsenio Capili
This is set by the creation of the Art
Association of the Philippines (AAP)
that in a way has a strong leaning with the
Modernist than the Conservatives (the traditional
art also termed as the Amorsolo School
Philippine Post Modern Art (1970 1980s)

The support of the Philippine Government for the

arts via the creation of the Cultural Center of
the Philippines during 1969 gave a venue for all
artists to experiment and explore different art
medium tying closely to the Post Modern Art Period
of the West with Pop Art, Installation Art,
Performance Art, dominating the scene. In ontrast,
social realism became a heavy theme by most
Filipino Artist as a social commentary of the
problem brewing in the Philippine political and
Philippine Contemporary Art (1980s to
Present)
It was on the on-set of the sudden rise of
personal computers and new technology
created a new art medium for the arts and
human expression. But there were also
countless revivals of old styles being done.
This started a new direction for the arts
thus, setting the name momentarily, the
Philippine Contemporary Period.
Modern art
is characterized by the artist's intent to portray a
subject as it exists in the world, according to his or
her unique perspective and is typified by a
rejection of accepted or traditional styles and
values.
Postmodern art

is a body of art movements that sought to

contradict some aspects of modernism or some
aspects that emerged or developed in its
aftermath. In general, movements such as
intermedia, installation art, conceptual art and
multimedia, particularly involving video are
described as postmodern.
CONTEMPORARY ART’S
CHARACTERISTICS
Altermodernism
is an attempt at
contextualizing art made in today's global
context as a reaction against
standardization and commercialism.
• Artists are looking for a new modernity
that would be based on translation. Today,
the translation of cultural values of
cultural groups and the connection of
those values to the world network are very
essential. This “reloading process” of
modernism according to the twenty-first-
century issues could be called
altermodernism, a movement connected to
the creolisation of cultures and the fight
for autonomy, but also the possibility of
producing singularities in a more and more
standardized world.
 Altermodern can essentially be read as
an artist working in a hypermodern world
or with “supermodern” ideas or themes.
The title of the Tate Britain's fourth
Triennial exhibition last 2009 curated by
Nicolas Bourriaud
The Tate exhibition includes a series of
four one-day events (called "Prologues"),
aiming to "introduce and provoke debate"
around the Triennial’s themes. Each
Prologue includes lectures, performances,
film and a manifesto text and attempts to
define what the curator sees as the four
main facets of Altermodern
1. The end of postmodernism
2. Cultural hybridisation
3. Travelling as a new way to produce
forms [clarification needed]
4. The expanding formats of arts
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS
CLASSIFICATION:

1. Visual Arts
• Forms perceived by the eyes
• Known as spatial arts because it is an art form
that occupy space
• Includes: Painting, Sculpture and Architecture
1.1 Graphic Arts

1.1. 1 Visual art forms with length and width known

as two-dimensional
arts (2D Art)
1.1. 2 Flat art can be seen on flat surface example:
billboards and
advertisement in magazine and print ads (commercial
arts), painting,
printing, drawing, sketching, mechanical processes,
computer
graphics and photography
1.2 Plastic Arts
1.2.1 Visual arts with length, width and volume known
as three-
dimensional arts (3D Art)
Example: Sculpture, Architecture, Landscape
Architecture,
City Planning Design, Set Design, Theater Design,
Industrial
Design, Crafts and Allied Arts.
2. Audio-Visual Arts
• Art forms perceived by both ears (audio) and eyes
(video)
• Known as performing arts
• Examples: Music (vocal, instrumental and mixed),
Dance (ethnological,
social and theatrical), Drama (tragedy, comedy,
tragicomedy, farce,
melodrama, etc.)
3. Literary Arts
• Art forms that are presented in the written mode and
intended to be
read
• Example: prose (short stories, novels, essays and
plays) and
poetry(narrative poem, lyric poems and dramatic
poems)
3. Literary Arts
• Art forms that are presented in the written mode and
intended to be
read
• Example: prose (short stories, novels, essays and
plays) and
poetry(narrative poem, lyric poems and dramatic
poems)
3. Literary Arts
• Art forms that are presented in the written mode and
intended to be
read
• Example: prose (short stories, novels, essays and
plays) and
poetry(narrative poem, lyric poems and dramatic
poems)
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