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Managing Organisational Projects

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sibusisoqagana
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11 views

Managing Organisational Projects

Lecture Slides/Notes.

Uploaded by

sibusisoqagana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INSTRUCTOR SLIDES

 BE SURE TO REVIEW THE DETAILED TEACHING NOTES IN


EACH SLIDE FOR CLASSROOM IDEAS, DEBATES, EXERCISES,
AND VIDEOS
 PELASE DO NOT SHARE THESE SLIDES WITH STUDENTS OR
POST ON THE INTERNET
 THE STUDENT VERSION OF THESE SLIDES DO NOT INCLUDE
ANY CLASSROOM TEACHING MATERIALS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
MANAGING ORGANIZATIONAL PROJECTS
CHAPTER EIGHTEEN
OVERVIEW
The Elements of Project Planning
Primary Project Planning Diagrams
Outsourcing Projects
LEARNING OUTCOMES
1. Explain project management and the primary reasons
project fail
2. Identify the primary project planning diagrams
3. Identify the three different types of outsourcing along
with their benefits and challenges
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS

 Primary reasons for project failure


 Unclear or missing business requirements
 Skipping SDLC phases
 Failure to manage project scope
• Scope creep – occurs when the scope increases
• Feature creep – occurs when extra features are added
 Failure to manage project plan
 Changing technology
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS
 Types of feasibility
 Economic
 Operational
 Schedule
 Technical
 Political
 Legal
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS

The later in the SDLC an error is found the more


expensive it is to fix!
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS

 Analysts predict investment in MIS projects


worldwide is over $1 trillion
 70 percent will be lost due to failed projects
 The consequences of failed projects include
 Damaged brand
 Lost goodwill
 Dissolution of partnerships
 Lost investment opportunities
 Low morale
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS

 The Project Management Institute (PMI) develops procedures


and concepts necessary to support the profession of project
management (www.pmi.org) and has three areas of focus
1. The distinguishing characteristics of a practicing
professional (ethics)
2. The content and structure of the profession’s body of
knowledge (standards)
3. Recognition of professional attainment (accreditation)
THE TRIPLE CONSTRAINT

 Benjamin Franklin’s timeless advice - by failing to


prepare, you prepare to fail - applies to software
development projects
 The Hackett Group analyzed 2,000 companies and
discovered
 Three in 10 major IT projects fail
 21 percent of the companies state that they cannot
adjust rapidly to market changes
 One in four validates a business case for IT projects after
completion
THE TRIPLE CONSTRAINT

Project Management Interdependent


Variables
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS

 Project – Temporary activities undertaken to


create a unique product or service
 Project management – The application of
knowledge, skills, tools, and techniques to
project activities to meet project requirements
 Project manager – An individual who is an
expert in project planning and management,
defines and develops the project plan, and
tracks the plan to ensure the project is
completed on time and on budget
USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TO
DELIVER SUCCESSFUL PROJECTS
 Project deliverable – Any
measurable, tangible, verifiable
outcome, result, or item that is
produced to complete a project or part
of a project
 Project milestone – Represents key
dates when a certain group of activities
must be performed
 Project management office (PMO) –
An internal department that oversees
all organizational projects
PROJECT PARTICIPANTS

 Project stakeholder - Individuals and


organizations actively involved in the
project or whose interests might be
affected as a result of project
execution or project completion
 Executive sponsor - The person or
group who provides the financial
resources for the project
PRIMARY PROJECT PLANNING
DIAGRAMS

 SMART criteria are


useful reminders on
how to ensure that
the project has
created
understandable and
measurable
objectives
PRIMARY PROJECT PLANNING
DIAGRAMS
 Project plan – A formal, approved document
that manages and controls project execution
 A well-defined project plan should be
 Easy to understand and read
 Communicated to all key participants
 Appropriate to the project’s size, complexity, and
criticality
 Prepared by the team, rather than by the
individual project manager
DIAGRAMS

 Two primary diagrams used in project


planning include PERT and Gantt
charts
 PERT chart
 Dependency
 Critical path
 Gantt chart
PRIMARY PROJECT PLANNING
DIAGRAMS
PERT Chart EXPERT – PERT Chart Example
PRIMARY PROJECT PLANNING
DIAGRAMS
MS Project – Gantt Chart Example
PRIMARY PROJECT PLANNING
DIAGRAMS

 Work breakdown
structure (WBS) - A
plan that breaks down a
project's goals into the
many deliverables
required to achieve it
OUTSOURCING PROJECTS
 In-sourcing (in-house-
development) –Uses the
professional expertise within an
organization to develop and
maintain its information
technology systems
 Outsourcing – An arrangement
by which one organization
provides a service or services for
another organization that chooses
not to perform them in-house
OUTSOURCING PROJECTS

 Factors driving outsourcing growth include


 Core competencies
 Financial savings
 Rapid growth
 The Internet and globalization
OUTSOURCING PROJECTS

 Onshore outsourcing
 Nearshore outsourcing
 Offshore outsourcing
OUTSOURCING PROJECTS

 Big selling point for offshore outsourcing


“inexpensive good work”
OUTSOURCING BENEFITS

 Outsourcing benefits include


 Increased quality and efficiency of business
processes
 Reduced operating expenses for head count and
exposure to risk for large capital investments
 Access to outsourcing service provider’s
expertise, economies of scale, best practices,
and advanced technologies
 Increased flexibility for faster response to market
changes and less time to market for new
products or services
OUTSOURCING CHALLENGES

 Outsourcing challenges include


 Length of contract
1. Difficulties in getting out of a contract
2. Problems in foreseeing future needs
3. Problems in reforming an internal IT department
after the contract is finished
 Threat to competitive advantage
 Loss of confidentiality
LEARNING OUTCOME REVIEW

 Now that you have finished the chapter please review the
learning outcomes in your text

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