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5G Cell Fault Troubleshooting

Guide(RAN5.1)

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Basic Concepts of 5G Cells
 CU Cell （ NRCELL ）： Manages DU cells and manages CUs and CNs by running the ADD NRCELL command.

 DU Cell （ NRDUCELL ）： Directly manage sectors by running the ADD NRDUCELL command.

 Sector （ Sector ）： An antenna coverage area is added by running the ADD SECTION command. Each sector uses one or more radio carriers to
provide wireless coverage.

 Sector equipment （ SectorEqm ）： shows a group of antennas used by a sector. You can run the ADD SECTION or ADD SECTIONREQM
command to map a sector to this group of antennas. This set of antennas must belong to the same sector. Cell sector equipment specifies
the sector equipment and baseband equipment used by a cell. The ADD NRDUCELLCOVERAGE command is used to add an NR DU cell
coverage area and associate the cell with sector equipment.

 RF equipment （ RRU / AAU/ Prru ） :A group of RF processing units, such as RRUs, RFUs, pRRUs, and AAUs. Run the ADD RRU and ADD
RRUCHAIN commands to add RF equipment and map the RF equipment to the CPRI port on the baseband processing unit. If the BBU and
RRU are integrated, you do not need to add RRUs. For details, see the FPD document.

 Baseband equipment (BasebandEQM): A group of baseband processing units that process cell baseband data. Run the ADD BRD command to
add a board and the ADD BASEBANDEQM command to add baseband equipment. The ADD BASEBANDEQM command is used to configure
baseband equipment. One baseband equipment may include one baseband board or include multiple baseband boards. Run the ADD
NRDUCELLTRP command to associate cells with baseband equipment.

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CU Cell Configuration

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DU Cell Configuration

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5G Cell Setup Procedure

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5G Cell Setup Procedure

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5G Cell Setup Procedure

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5G Cell Setup Procedure

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X-Axe Action

Action 1: Check and handle the Check whether there are associated alarms
associated alarms of NRDUCELL
unavailability. that cause cell unavailability based on
alarm logs. Handle the associated alarms
first.

Query the cause branch of the fault tree

Action 2: Perform reverse check and
access the cause branch of the fault
based on the specific problem field in the
tree. alarm or the latest cell status change cause
field in the DSP NRDUCELL command
output.

Action 3: Identify root causes and

Locate the fault branch, identify the root
solutions based on branches of the fault
tree.
cause based on the fault tree, and rectify
the fault based on the corresponding
solution.

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Action 1: Check the cell unavailability alarm.
CU Cell
 ALM-29841 NR Cell Unavailable
 Network Element: BTS3900, BTS5900, BTS5900 5G

 Alarm Description
 This alarm is reported when any of the following conditions are met:
 1. The F1 signaling link for an NRCELL is faulty.
 2. The NRDUCELL bound to an NRCELL is faulty.
 3. Faulty Signaling Link Between NE and Core Network.
 4. Any other conditions leading to cell unavailability exist.
 5. Insufficient licenses.
 6. The Ethernet port or link is faulty.
 7. The S1-U interface associated with the NRCELL is unavailable.
 8. The NG-C and S1-U interfaces associated with the NRCELL are unavailable.
 When an NR cell becomes unavailable within an alarm raising window, which lasts 900s by default, and this cell remains unavailable
for at least 90s (default value), this alarm is reported. When the alarm cause is Faulty Signaling Link Between the NE and the Core
Network, the cell becomes unavailable 180s after the signaling link is faulty to prevent frequent cell status changes due to
intermittent signaling link disconnections. When this cell becomes available and remains available for an alarm clearance window,
which lasts 180s by default, this alarm is cleared. The alarm raising and clearance windows are set by running the SET ALMFILTER
command.

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Action 1: Check the cell unavailability alarm.

DU CELL
 ALM-29870 NR DU Cell TRP Unavailable
 Network Element: BTS3900, BTS3900 5G, BTS5900, BTS5900 5G

 Alarm Description
 The NR DU cell transmission reception point (TRP) status depends on physical resources and license resources.
Physical resources refer to baseband, RF, CPRI, and clock resources. This alarm is reported when any of these
physical resources are insufficient, faulty, incorrectly configured, or blocked, or when the license resources are
insufficient.

 When the NR DU cell TRP status becomes unavailable within an alarm raising window, which lasts 900s by default,
and the TRP status remains unavailable for at least 90s (default value), this alarm is reported. When the NR DU cell
TRP status becomes available and remains available for an alarm clearance window, which lasts 180s by default,
this alarm is cleared. The alarm raising and clearance windows are set by running the SET ALMFILTER command.

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 Action 1: Forward Check - Associated Alarms
Alarm ID Alarm Description Alarm ID Alarm Description
ALM-25888 SCTP Link Fault ALM-26251 Board Type and Configuration Mismatch
ALM-25880 Ethernet Link Fault ALM-26253 Board Software Automatic Supplement Failure
ALM-29201 S1 Interface Fault ALM-26254 Board Software Synchronization Failure
ALM-25885 IP address conflict alarm ALM-26532 RF Unit Hardware Fault
ALM-29815 gNodeB NG Interface Fault ALM-26235 RF Unit Maintenance Link Failure
ALM-29816 gNodeB NG Control Plane Transmission Interruption ALM-26504 RF Unit CPRI Interface Error
ALM-26220 Transmission optical module fault alarm ALM-26502 RF Unit Optical Module Type Mismatch
ALM-26221 Transmission optical module not in position ALM-26538 RF Unit Clock Abnormal
ALM-26222 Transmission Optical Interface Abnormal ALM-26545 RF Unit TX Channel Manual Shutdown
ALM-26223 Transmission Optical Interface Performance Deterioration ALM-26529 RF Unit VSWR Alarm
ALM-26310 Inter-BBU Optical Module Fault ALM-26503 RF Unit Optical Module Transmit/Receive Abnormal
ALM-26311 Inter-BBU Optical Module Not In Position ALM-26272 Inter-RAT RF Unit Parameter Configuration Conflict
ALM-26312 Inter-BBU Optical Module Receive Failure ALM-26120 Satellite card clock output abnormal alarm
ALM-26313 Inter-BBU Optical Port Transmit Abnormal Alarm ALM-26121 Satellite card antenna fault alarm
ALM-26240 BBU Topology and Configuration Inconsistency Alarm ALM-26122 Locked satellite insufficient alarm
ALM-26230 BBU CPRI Optical Module Fault ALM-26123 Satellite Card Maintenance Link Failure
ALM-26233 BBU CPRI Optical Interface Performance Degraded ALM-26260 System Clock Unavailable
ALM-26234 BBU CPRI Port Abnormal ALM-26261 No clock reference source is configured.
ALM-26231 BBU CPRI Optical Module/Electrical Port Not In Position ALM-26262 Clock Reference Source Abnormal
ALM-26205 BBU Board Maintenance Link Failure ALM-26263 IP Clock Link Failure
ALM-26819 Configuration Data Exceeding License Limit ALM-26270 Inter-RAT Communication Abnormal Alarm
ALM-26818 No license is running. ALM-26202 Board overload alarm
ALM-26264 System clock out-of-lock alarm ALM-26214 Board power-off alarm
ALM-26210 Board Blocked Alarm ALM-26216 The board is not securely inserted.
ALM-26200 Board hardware fault alarm ALM-26203 Board Software Running Abnormal Alarm
ALM-26204 Board Not In Position

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Action 2: Reverse Check - Query Alarms
 Alarm log list  Alarm Specific Problem

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Action 2: Reverse Check - Query the Cause of Cell Status
Change
 DSP  DSP
NRCELL NRDUCELL

 DSP NRDUCELLTRP

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Action 2: Reverse Check - CU/DU Cell Unavailable Fault Tree
Branch
 Unavailable branch of the CU cell ：  DU Cell Unavailable Branch:

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Action 3: Identify root causes and solutions in the fault tree
branch – CU cells are unavailable.
Fault
ID Judgment Method Solution
Classification

In the DSP NRCELL command output, the value

of the Reason for Last Cell State Change field Run the MML command to unblock UBL
1 Cell Blocking
is "Cell Blocked". 2. ALM-29842 NR Cell NRCELL: NrCellId=XXX.
Blocked is generated.

1. In the DSP NRCELL command output, the

Rectify the fault on the F1 transmission
value of the Reason for Last Cell State Change
2 F1 fault link according to the alarm information
field is F1 Fault. 2. ALM-29805 F1 Interface
about the transmission link.
Fault is reported.

1. In the DSP NRCELL command output,

"NRDUCELL Unavailable" is displayed in the
Handle the DU cell problem first by
DU Cell "Reason of Latest Cell State Change" field. 2.
3 referring to the procedure for handling
Unavailable In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the
DU cell unavailability.
local cell status is abnormal and an error
message is displayed.

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Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree branch - DU
cell unavailable
 Configuration issues:
Fault
No. Classificati Faulty Branch Confirmation Method Recovery Method
on
Add the NRDUCELLTRP and
NRDUCELLTRP is NRDUCELLCOVERAGE
1 Check whether the configured NRDUCELL corresponds to the NRDUCELLTRP.
not configured. parameters of the
corresponding cell.
Incorrect sector
equipment
configuration - The 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Cause of Local Cell State Modify the number of
number of RRU Change field displays "Incorrect sector equipment configuration." TX/RX channels of the AAU
2
channels is 2. Check whether the transmit/receive mode of the configured NRDUCELLTRP is or the TX/RX mode in the
inconsistent with inconsistent with the number of transmit/receive channels of the AAU. NRDUCELLTRP MO.
the TRP TX/RX
mode.
Configuratio The bandwidth 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Reason for the latest local
n issues cell status change field displays "Bandwidth configuration error." Modifying the Cell
3 configuration is
2. Check whether the uplink and downlink bandwidths of the configured NRDUCELL Bandwidth
incorrect.
are inconsistent with those supported by the product.

1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of Reason for the latest local cell
Change the frequency or
Incorrect frequency status change is incorrect.
4 replace the correct
configuration 2. Check whether the configured NRDUCELL frequency is within the frequency range
RRU/AAU.
supported by the RRU.
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of Reason for Latest Local Cell
The baseband unit
State Change is "The baseband unit is not in position or the NR mode is not Add a baseband board or
is not in position or
5 configured." change the baseband
the NR mode is not
2. Run the LST BBP command to check whether the configured working mode of the mode to NR.
configured.
BBP is NR.
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Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree branch - DU
cell unavailable
 Configuration issues:
Fault
No. Classificati Faulty Branch Confirmation Method Recovery Method
on
Modify the maximum
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Reason for the latest local
transmit power in the
cell state change field indicates that the power configuration is incorrect.
NRDUCELLTRP MO.
Incorrect power 2. In single-mode scenarios, check whether the maximum transmit power configured
6 Alternatively, modify the
configuration on the NR side is within the maximum power range supported by the AAU.
LTE power configured at
3. In multi-RAT SDR scenarios, check whether the sum of power configured for each RAT is within the
the peer end.
maximum power range supported by the AAU.
The IP virtual clock
1. ALM-26538 RF Unit Clock Out of Range is generated.
of the eCPRI Adding a virtual clock for
7 2. Check whether the configured eCPRI link is configured with the corresponding IP
module is not the eCPRI module
virtual clock.
Configuratio configured.
n issues
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, "Cell bandwidth mismatch" is displayed in
Cell bandwidth the Reason field of the latest local cell state change. Modifying the Cell
8
mismatch 2. Check whether the NRDUCELLs with different bandwidths reference the same Bandwidth
basebandeqmid.

1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Reason field for the latest
Subcarrier spacing local cell state change is "Subcarrier spacing mismatch". Modify the subcarrier
9
mismatch 2. Check whether the configured NRDUCELLs with different subcarrier spacings spacing of a cell.
reference the same basebandeqmid.

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Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree branch - DU
cell unavailable
 Configuration issues:
Fault
No. Classificati Faulty Branch Confirmation Method Recovery Method
on

1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell status
10 Transceiver Mode change is displayed as "The TX/RX mode does not match." Modifying the TX/RX Mode
Mismatch 2. Check whether the configured NRDUCELLs in different TX/RX modes reference the of a Cell
same basebandeqmid.

11
Bandwidth 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell status
Configuratio combinations of change is displayed, indicating that the carrier combination exceeds the RF unit Modifying the Cell
n issues cells configured on specifications. Bandwidth Combination
the AAU are not 2. Check whether the cell bandwidth combination configured on the AAU supports the Configured on the AAU
supported. specifications described in the product documentation.

12 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell status
The number of
change is displayed, indicating that the number of cells exceeds the specifications of Modifying the Number of
configured cells
the RF unit. Cells Configured on the
exceeds the AAU
2. Check whether the number of cells configured on the AAU supports the AAU
specification.
specifications described in the product documentation.

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Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree
branch - DU cell unavailable
 RF issues:

Fault
Faulty
No. Classificati Confirmation Method Recovery Method
Branch
on
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, "No RF resources
are available" is displayed in the Reason field of the latest 1. Deactivate and then activate the cell.
No RF local cell status change. 2. Reset the baseband board and AAU.
resources 2. Check whether alarms are generated for the corresponding 3. Reset the entire site.
available RF unit. 4. Handle the alarm according to the
13 alarm reference.

RF fault 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of 1. Deactivate and then activate the cell.
RF unit
abnormal
Reason for the latest local cell status change is RF unit 2. Reset the baseband board and AAU.
abnormal. 3. Reset the entire site.
14
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of 1. Deactivate and then activate the cell.
Failed to Reason for the latest local cell status change is "Failed to 2. Reset the baseband board and AAU.
15 configure the configure RF modules." 3. Reset the entire station.
RF module. 2. Check whether the corresponding RF unit has a software 4. Handle the alarm according to the
abnormality alarm. alarm reference.

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Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree branch - DU
cell unavailable
 Baseband issues:
Fault
No. Classificati Faulty Branch Judgment Method Solution
on
1. The baseband board cannot be operated.
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, "No baseband resources are You are advised to reset the baseband
No baseband
available" is displayed in the Cause of the latest local cell status change.
board and check whether the fault is
16 resources are
2. Run the DSP BRD command to check whether the status of the rectified. If the fault persists after the
available.
baseband board is Inoperable. baseband board is reset, replace the
baseband board.
1. Attempt to deactivate and then activate
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell the cell.
Baseband unit
status change field displays "Baseband unit exception." 2. Reset the baseband board and AAU.
17 exception -
2. Check whether alarms related to the baseband board are generated. Run the RST BTSNODE command to reset
board fault
the entire BTS.
2. Replace the baseband board.
Baseband Unit
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell
Exception - Change the value of basebandeqmid in
Baseband status change is displayed as "BBU Abnormal".
18 Inconsistent NRDUCELLTRP to be the same as the actual
fault 2. Check whether the basebandqmid referenced by the cell is different
Baseband Device value.
from the configured baseband.
ID Configurations
Baseband unit
exception- 1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of Reason for the
baseband latest local cell status change indicates that the baseband unit is
Change the value of basebandeqmid in
equipment abnormal.
19 basebandeqm to be the same as the actual
cabinet, subrack, 2. Check whether the cabinet, subrack, and slot numbers of the
value.
and slot basebandeqm referenced by the cell are the same as those of the
configuration baseband processing board.
error
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the cause of the latest local cell
Baseband unit
status change is displayed as "BBU Abnormal". 1. Run the MML command to unblock the
20 exception -
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES 2. Run
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to check whether the status of the PageBBP:
21 UBL BRD: CN=x, SRN=x, SN=x;
board blocked
baseband board is Blocked.
Action 3: Identify the root cause and solution of the fault tree branch - DU
cell unavailable
 Insufficient CPRI bandwidth, abnormal clock, insufficient license resources, F1 fault, and delay check failure:
Fault Fault
No. Judgment Method Solution
Classification branch
1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of Reason for 1. Change the line rate configured for the RRU
Insufficient the latest local cell status change is insufficient. chain.
22 CPRI NA 2. Check whether the negotiated CPRI line rate meets the 2. Manually negotiate the CPRI line rate.
bandwidth requirement. 3. Replace the SFP optical module with the SFP
optical module with a larger capacity.

The clock is In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Reason for 1. Go to the Clock Fault topic to solve the clock
23 NA
abnormal. the latest local cell status change field is "Clock abnormal." fault.

1. In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the value of the Reason

Insufficient
field for the latest local cell status change indicates that the license
24 license 1. Apply for and load the license again.
resources are insufficient.
resources
2. Run CHK DATA2LIC to check for missing license items.

In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, "F1 Fault" is displayed in Solve the fault on the F1 transmission link according
25 F1 fault the Cause of the Latest Cell State Change field, or "ALM-29805 F1 to the alarm information about the transmission
Interface Fault" is reported. link.

1. Check whether the optical fiber or optical module

is faulty. Remove or replace the optical fiber or
Delay check In the DSP NRDUCELL command output, the Cause of the latest optical module.
26
failed. local cell status change field displays "Delay check failed." 2. Deactivate and then activate the cell.
3. Reset the BBP and AAU.
4. If the fault persists, contact R&D engineers.

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Case 1 - Sector Equipment Configuration Error
5. The DSP RRU command output shows that
1. The cause of cell unavailability is incorrect sector the actual number of TX/RX channels of the
equipment configuration. 3. Find the sector equipment corresponding to AAU is 64.
the cell.

2. Check the cell configuration. The TX/RX 4. Find the AAU corresponding to the cell. 6. Therefore, the number of TX/RX channels of
mode is 32T32R. the AAU is inconsistent with the configured
TX/RX mode of the cell. As a result, the cell is
unavailable. In this case, you need to modify
the number of TX/RX channels of the cell.

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 5. Run the DSP RRU command to query the
Case 2 - Incorrect Frequency Configuration frequency range supported by the AAU, which
3. Use the frequency calculation tool in the
indicates that the cell frequency exceeds the
1. The cell is unavailable because the FMA.
range.
frequency configuration is incorrect.

4. The cell center frequency is 3560 MHz.

2. The cell frequency is 637334 and the Based on the bandwidth of 100 MHz, the
6. Modify the cell frequency.
bandwidth is 100 MHz. frequency range is 3510–3610 MHz.

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MML Function
DSP RXUCFGINFO Use this command to query the information about carriers of an RRU or RFU.

DSP NRDUCELLANTENNA Use this command to list the antenna configuration of an NR DU cell.
DSP CELLPHYTOPO / LTE

DSP GNBCHROUTPUTCTRL Use this command to query the IP PM information of RRUs.

DSP ENODEBCHROUTPUTCTRL

DSP NRDUCELLTRPHEALTHCHK Use this command to query TRP health check information for an NR DU cell.
MOD GNBTDDCLKMODESW: Use this command to modify the setting of the switch related to the TDD clock mode for the gNodeB.
ClkUnavlbCellActvSw=ON;
MOD TDDRESMODESW

LTE: DSP CELLCPRIINFO Use this command to query the CPRI information about an NR DU cell TRP.
NR: DSP
NRDUCELLTRPCPRIINFO
LOC RRUTC Use this command to set and lock the maximum TX power of a TX channel on an RRU or RFU.

DSP CPRILBR Use this command to query the current line rate of the specified chain/ring and the maximum line rates of the remote
equipment controller (REC) and each remote equipment (RE).

MOD LTENRSPCTSHRCELLGRP Indicates whether LTE and NR share RRU carrier and CPRI data resources. If LTE and NR share optical fibers, they will
share RRU carrier and CPRI data resources when this parameter is set ON. They will use their respective RRU carrier and
CPRI data resources when this parameter is set to OFF. This parameter applies only to LTE FDD.

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