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Heat and Mass Transfer Chapter 2 - Mathematical Expression

Heat and Mass Transfer Chapter 2_mathematical Expression[0]

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18 views10 pages

Heat and Mass Transfer Chapter 2 - Mathematical Expression

Heat and Mass Transfer Chapter 2_mathematical Expression[0]

Uploaded by

wiserabbit7
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Chapter 3.

Steady-state,
One-Dimensional Conduc-
tion
Common Geometries

– The Plane Wall: Described in rectangular (x) coordi-


nate. Area perpendicular to direction of heat transfer is
constant (independent of x).
– The Tube Wall: Radial conduction through tube wall.
– The Spherical Shell: Radial conduction through shell
wall.
A Plane Wall (I)
For one-D., SS conduction in a plane wall
with no heat generation

 T  T  T  T
(k ) (k ) (k )  q  c p
x x y y z z t

B.C.
d dT at x 0, T Ts ,1
(k ) 0
dx dx at x L, T Ts , 2
A Plane Wall (II)
d dT
(k ) 0 at x 0, T Ts ,1
dx dx
at x L, T Ts , 2
dT
k C
dx

If k = constant T ( x) C1 x  C2
x
T ( x) (Ts , 2  Ts ,1 )  Ts ,1
L

dT k
the heat flux q x "  k  (Ts ,1  Ts , 2 ) a constant, independent of x.
dx L

Heat transfer rate T T


dT T
q x  kA  kA s , 2 s ,1 
dx L L kA
T T1  T2 : driving force
Rt ,cond L kA : thermal resistance for conduction
Analogy between Heat Diffusion and
Electrical Charge

Current vs Heat transfer rate


Potential drop vs Temperature
difference
Electrical resistance vs Thermal
resistance
V = IR
vs
T2-T1=qR
Ts , 2  Ts ,1
q x h1 A(T,1  Ts ,1   kA h2 A(Ts , 2  T, 2 )
L
T,1  Ts ,1 Ts ,1  Ts , 2 Ts , 2  T, 2
qx   
1 / h1 A L / kA 1 / h2 A
Rt ,cond L kA : thermal resistance for conduction
Rt ,conv 1 hA : thermal resistance for convection

1
T,1  Ts ,1 q x ( )
h1 A
L
Ts ,1  Ts , 2 q x ( )
kA
1
Ts , 2  T, 2 q x (
h2 A
) q x UAT,1  T, 2  UAT
1 L 1
T,1  T, 2 q x (   )
h1 A kA h2 A U: Overall Heat Transfer Coefficient

T,1  T, 2 T T 1 1
qx   ,1 , 2 U 
1 L 1 Rtot RtotA 1 L 1
   
h1 A kA h2 A h1 k h2
T,1  Ts1 q x (1 h1 A)
Ts1  T2 q x LA k A A
T2  T3 q x LB k B A
T3  Ts 4 q x LC kC A
Ts , 4  T, 4 q x (1 h4 A)

 1 L L L 1 
T,1  T, 4 q x   A  B  C  
 h1 A k A A k B A kC A h2 A 

q x UAT,1  T, 4  UAT

U: Overall heat transfer coefficient


n L
1 1 1
  
j

U h1 j 1 k j h2
Series-parallel Composite Walls

Isothermal

Adiabatic
Contact Resistance

TA  TB
Rt,c 
qx

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