Scribd
Upload
15 views29 pages

Circulatory System

Xusiwnuf

Uploaded by

Jonalyn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
15 views29 pages

Circulatory System

Xusiwnuf

Uploaded by

Jonalyn
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 29

T

h
Circulatory
e System
Circulatory
System
 The Circulatory System is
responsible for transporting
materials throughout the entire
body.

 It transports nutrients, water,


and oxygen to your billions of
body cells and carries away
wastes such as carbon dioxide
that body cells produce.

 It is an amazing highway that


travels through your entire body
connecting all your body cells.
Circulatory
System
Components
 Heart
 Blood
Blood
 Vessels
Heart
 Arteries
 Veins
 Capillaries

Veins Arteries

© iTutor. 2000-2013. All Rights Reserved


Circulatory
System
 Which gases are transported to and from the body’s
cells by the blood flowing in the circulatory system?

carbon
dioxide
oxygen

Oxygen is the gas needed for respiration and is


transported to the body’s cells.
Circulatory
System
 The circulatory system carries two types of blood

Oxygen-rich Oxygen-poor
blood blood
c Blood travelling  Blood travelling
to the body cells away from the body cells
 High oxygen content  Low oxygen content
 Low carbon dioxide content  High carbon dioxide content

 Arrangement of the circulatory system means that these


two types of blood do not mix.
Circulatory
System
 The heart is the organ at the centre of the circulatory
system. It pumps blood around the body.
Circulatory
System
 The inside of the heart is divided into two sections so
that the two types of blood (oxygen-rich and oxygen-
poor) are kept apart

Right side Left side


of the heart of the heart
Oxygen-poor Oxygen-rich
blood blood
The Heart: Structures
 Heart coverings
 Pericardium
 Coversthe heart and large blood vessels
attached to the heart
The Heart: Structures
 Pericardium
 Protective sac of
connective tissue
 Surrounds the heart
 Filled with fluid
The Heart: Structures
 Four chambers
 Two Atria  Two Ventricles
 Upper chambers  Lower chambers
 Left and right  Left and right
 Separated by  Separated by
interatrial septum interventricular
septum

Right Atrium Left Atrium

Right Ventricle Left Ventricle


The Heart: Structures
 The chambers of the heart have different
functions:
blood to blood to
the lungs the body

blood from blood from


the body the lungs

The ventricles
The Atria
pump blood
collect blood
out of the
that enters
heart.
the heart.
The Heart: Structures
 The valves between the atria and ventricles are connected
to the inner walls of the heart by tough tendons.

valve open
The Heart: Structures
 The tendons allow the valves to close and hold
the valve flaps in place. They prevent the valves
from flipping up and turning inside out

valve open valve closed


The Heart: Structures
 A valve acts like a door that only opens in one direction.

 If the door is held by someone at a fixed point, only the arm moves as
the door opens and closes.
 When the door is closed the arm is fully extended, so the door can
only be opened in one direction.
How does the heart
pump blood?
 The heart can pump blood because it is made of
muscle. Muscle tissue works by contracting
(squeezing) and relaxing.
Blood Vessels
 As blood moves through
the circulatory system it
moves through 3 types of
blood vessels:
 Arteries: Carry blood
away from the heart .
 Capillaries: Link
arterioles to veins.
 Veins: Carry blood
towards the heart
Blood Vessels
Arteries
 Large vessels
 Carry blood from heart to tissues of body.
 Carry oxygen rich blood, with the exception of
pulmonary arteries.
 Thick walls-need to withstand pressure produced when
heart pushes blood into them.

Capillaries
 Smallest blood vessels
 Walls are only one cell thick and very narrow.
 Important for bringing nutrients and oxygen to
tissues and absorbing CO2 and other waste
Veins
 Once blood has passed through the capillary
systems it must be returned to the heart. Done
by veins
 Walls contains connective tissue and smooth
muscle.
 Largest veins contain one way valves that keep
blood flowing toward heart.
 Many found near skeletal muscles. When
muscles contract, blood is forced through veins.
Blood
 What percent of your body is blood? 8%
 How much blood do we contain?
 On average 4-6 liters
 We contain about a pint of
blood for every 15 pounds
of body weight
 Composition of Blood:
 What percent of your blood is
cellular? 45%
 What percent of your blood is
plasma? 55%
Blood
 Composed of plasma and blood cells
 Types of Cells are:
 Red Blood Cells ( Erythrocytes)
 White Blood Cells(Leukocytes)
 Platelets
 Plasma
 Straw colored
 90% water
 10% dissolved gases, salts, nutrients,
enzymes, hormones, wastes, and proteins.
Blood
 Red Blood Cells
 Most numerous type
 Transport oxygen
 Get color from hemoglobin
 Disk shaped
 Made in red bone marrow
 Circulate for 120 days
Blood
 White Blood Cells
 Guard against infection, fight parasites, and attack
bacteria
 Number of WBC’s increases when body is fighting
 Lymphocytes produce antibodies which fight
pathogens and remember them

 Platelets
 Aid the body in clotting
 Small fragments
 Stick to edges of broken blood cell and secrete
clotting factor to help form clot.
Blood
Red Blood has 3 main
Blood
Cells
Functions
 Transport
 Protection
 Temperature
White
Blood Cells Regulation
Plasm
a
Platelets

You might also like