Introduction to

Management
Meaning – Management,
Manager, Classifying Managers,
Management Functions,
Managerial Roles, Management
Skills
Learning Objectives
What Is Management?
• Define management.

• Explain why efficiency and effectiveness are

important to management.

Who Are Managers?

• Explain how managers differ from non-managerial

employees.

• Describe how to classify managers in organizations.

Module 1 2
Learning Objectives
What Do Managers Do?

• Describe the four functions of management.

• Explain Mintzberg’s managerial roles.

• Describe Katz’s three essential managerial skills and how

the importance of these skills changes depending on

managerial level.

Why Study Management?

• Explain the universality of management concept.

• Discuss why an understanding of management is important.

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Introduction to Management
The term Management is used in three

alternative ways

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 Management as a Discipline
Discipline refers to a field of study having

well-defined concepts and principles

From this point of view the management

can be treated as an art or science

Managing as practice is an art; the

organized knowledge underlying the

practice may be referred to as a science

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 Management as a Group of
People
Group of People refers to all the

personnel who perform managerial

functions in organisations
The situations where we are referring to

the relationship between two groups in

the organisation; management can be
called as a group of people

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 Management as a Process
A process refers to the systematic

method of handling activities

The management process can be

referred to as an identifiable flow of

information through interrelated stages
of analysis directed towards the
achievement of an objectives

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 Management is…

Efficiency
Efficiency
Getting
Getting work
work
done
done through
through
others
others
Effectiveness
Effectiveness

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 Definitions of Effectiveness
and Efficiency
Effectiveness is the achievement

of objectives
Efficiency is the achievement of

the ends with the least amount of

resources (time, money, etc.)
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 Effectiveness and Efficiency in
Management

10 Module 1
 Management Process

11 Module 1
 Functions of Management

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Planning
 Planning involves selecting

missions and objectives and

the actions to achieve them;
it requires decision making
Is a predetermined course

of action

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Organizing
 Organizing involves establishing

an intentional structure of roles

for people to fill in an
organization
 Allocating tasks among

members, identifies
relationships and integrates
activities towards common
objectives
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Staffing
Staffing involves filling,

and keeping filled, the

positions in the
organization structure
Placing the right

person at the right job

at the right time
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Directing
 Directing is a process of

instructing, guiding,
counselling, motivating, and
leading the human
resources to achieve
organisational objectives
 Direct the team to desired

objectives
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Controlling
 Controlling is measuring and

correcting individual and

organizational performance to
ensure that events conform to
plans
 Checking, regulating and

verifying whether everything

occurs in conformity with the
plan Module 1 17
Who Are Managers?
Manager

Someone who coordinates and oversees

the work of other people so that

organizational goals can be
accomplished.

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Classifying Managers
 Top Managers

 Middle Managers

 First-Level Managers

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Jobs and Responsibilities
Set direction for and oversee
CEO
COO the operation of the entire
MD
firm
Supervise and coordinate the
General Mgr •Formulation of long-term plans
Plant Mgr work of lower-level managers in a
Regional Mgr •Guidance and Direction
subunit of the organization
•Integration
Office Manager
•Staffing Supervise the work of
Shift Supervisor
operative (non-
Department Manager •Review and Control
Team Leader managerial) employees
•Public Relations
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Jobs and Responsibilities
Supervise and coordinate the
CEO work of lower-level
Set direction managers
for and oversee
COO in a subunit of the
the operation of the entire firm
MD organization
•Performance of various
General Mgr functions
Plant Mgr •Cooperation among middle
Regional Mgr management and with top
management and supervisors
Office Manager
•IntegrationSupervise theparts
of various work of
of
Shift Supervisor
Department Manager the department
operative (non-

Team Leader •Training and development

managerial) employees
•Management of the department
Module 1 21
Jobs and Responsibilities
CEO Set directionthe
for and
Supervise work of
COO oversee the operation of
MD operative (non-managerial)
the entire firm
General Mgr employees
Supervise and coordinate the
Plant Mgr work of lower-level managers in
•Efficient use of resources
Regional Mgr a subunit of the organization
•Execution of policies and
Office Manager
procedures
Shift Supervisor
Department Manager•Acting as Marginal Man
Team Leader
Module 1 22
Managerial Roles
 Managerial Roles
Interpersonal roles
Figurehead
Performs activities which are ceremonial
or symbolic nature
Leader
Leading and motivating the subordinates
Liaison
Acts as a connecting link

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 Managerial Roles
Informational roles
Monitor
Constantly updates his information about
internal and external factors affecting his
activities
Disseminator
Distributes the information to the
subordinates
Spokesperson
Interacts with the external environment on
behalf of organization
25 Module 1
 Managerial Roles
Decisional Role
Entrepreneurial
Assumes risks
Disturbance handler
Manages the factors which disturb the
organizational equilibrium
Resource allocator
Allocates the resources to various units
Negotiator
Negotiates with various interest groups

26 Module 1
 Reconciling Managerial
Functions and Roles

27 Module 1
 What Companies Look for in
Managers

Technical
Technical Skills
Skills Human
Human Skills
Skills
Knowledge
Knowledgeand andproficiency
proficiency Ability
Abilityto
towork
workwith
withpeople
people
ininactivities
activities

Conceptual
Conceptual Skills
Skills Design
Design Skills
Skills
Ability
Abilityto
tovisualize
visualizethe
thefuture
future The
Theability
abilityto
tosolve
solvethe
theproblems
problems

28 Module 1
 Managerial Skills at
Various levels of
Management
Management Primary Skills Secondary Skills
Level
First-level Technical Communication
Management Human
Middle Design Communication
Management Human Technical
Top Conceptual Communication
Management Design
Human
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 Functional Areas of
Management

These are also called as organisational

functions

Organsiational functions limits the

mobility of manager

Higher the level of management greater

30
the mobility
Module 1
 Functional Areas of
Management

31
Sub activities of Production
Research
&
Development

Production

Materials
Purchasing
Management

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Sub activities of Marketing
Sales
Management

Marketing

Marketing
Advertising
Research

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 Sub activities of Finance

Financial
Accounting

Management
Costing
Accounting
Finance

Investment
Taxation
Management

Module 1 34
 Sub activities of Personnel
Recruitment
&
Selection

Training Personnel/ Wage &

& Human Salary
Development Resources Administration

Industrial
Relations

Module 1 35