CONTINUOUS ASSESSMENT-1 PRESENTATION

BASIC OF COMPUTER GRAPHIC

PAPER NAME : COMPUTER GRAPHIC (PEC-IT501D)

PAPER CODE : (PEC-IT501D)
NAME : DEOTTAM KUMAR PANDEY
ROLL NO : 16300123041
STREAM : CSE
SEMESTER : 5TH
YEAR : 2023-24
Basics of Computer
Graphics

Welcome to the captivating world of computer graphics! This

presentation will delve into the fundamental concepts and
principles that underpin this transformative field. From
understanding the building blocks of digital images to exploring
the cutting-edge technologies shaping the future, we'll embark on
a journey to unravel the intricacies of computer graphics. Get
ready to discover the power and potential of this ever-evolving art
and science.
Introduction to Computer Graphics
Computer graphics encompasses the creation of visual content using computers. It's a diverse field
with applications in various domains, including entertainment, design, simulation, and data
visualization. Computer graphics has revolutionized how we interact with information, bringing
virtual worlds and digital experiences to life.

1 Entertainment
From video games and movies to animation and special effects, computer graphics plays a
central role in entertaining audiences worldwide. It allows for the creation of realistic worlds,
engaging characters, and breathtaking visuals, enhancing the immersive experience.

2 Design
Computer graphics is indispensable in design, from creating logos and branding materials to
generating architectural renderings and product mockups. It provides designers with powerful
tools to visualize ideas, experiment with different concepts, and present their designs
effectively.

3 Simulation
Computer graphics enables the simulation of complex phenomena, such as weather patterns,
fluid dynamics, and medical procedures. These simulations provide valuable insights for
researchers, engineers, and medical professionals, aiding in decision-making and problem-
solving.
2D Graphics Basics
2D graphics are images and designs created on a flat plane. They are composed of pixels, which are the smallest
units of a digital image. The resolution of an image refers to the amount of detail it holds, measured in pixels.
Higher resolution images have more pixels and therefore greater detail. 2D graphics are categorized as either vector
graphics or raster graphics.

Vector Graphics Raster Graphics

Vector graphics are created using mathematical Raster graphics are made up of pixels arranged in a
equations that define lines, curves, and shapes. They grid. The color of each pixel determines the overall
are scalable without losing quality because they are image. When you zoom in on a raster image, you will
not made up of pixels. Examples of vector graphics notice pixels and the image becomes pixelated.
include Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) format used on Examples include JPEG, PNG, and GIF image formats.
the web and Adobe Illustrator files.
3D Graphics Basics
3D graphics involve creating models and animations that have depth and perspective. They are composed of vertices,
edges, and faces. Vertices are points in 3D space that define the location of objects. Edges are lines connecting vertices
and define the shape of objects. Faces are flat surfaces bounded by edges and define the surface of an object.

Meshes Rendering
Meshes are collections of vertices, edges, and faces Rendering is the process of generating an image
that represent the geometry of a 3D object. They are from a 3D model. This involves simulating light and
often used in computer graphics to create realistic shadow effects to create a realistic image. There are
models of objects and environments. two main methods of rendering: ray tracing and
rasterization.
Graphic File Formats
Graphic file formats are used to store and represent digital images. Different formats have different
advantages and disadvantages based on factors such as image quality, compression efficiency, and
compatibility with different software applications.

Format Type Compression Applications

JPEG Raster Lossy Photographs, web

images

PNG Raster Lossless Web images,

logos, icons

GIF Raster Lossless Animations, web

graphics

SVG Vector Lossless Web graphics,

icons, illustrations

EPS Vector Lossless Print graphics,

design files
Future Trends and Technologies
Computer graphics is a rapidly evolving field with new technologies and applications constantly
emerging. Advancements in computing power and software development are leading to
breakthroughs in real-time rendering, ray tracing, virtual and augmented reality, and artificial
intelligence in graphics.

Real-time Rendering
Real-time rendering allows for the creation of dynamic and interactive graphics
experiences, enabling fluid animations, realistic lighting effects, and immersive
environments in real time. It is used in video games, virtual reality, and other
applications where instantaneous feedback is crucial.

Ray Tracing
Ray tracing is a technique used in computer graphics to simulate the interaction of
light with objects. It involves tracing rays of light from a virtual camera into a scene to
create realistic lighting, reflections, and shadows. Ray tracing is becoming increasingly
prevalent in video games, movies, and other applications, enabling photorealistic
visuals.

Virtual and Augmented Reality

Virtual reality (VR) creates immersive experiences by transporting users to computer-
generated worlds, while augmented reality (AR) overlays digital content onto the real
world. These technologies are changing how we interact with information and the
world around us, with applications in entertainment, education, healthcare, and more.
 Conclusion

The field of computer graphics is continually evolving, pushing the

boundaries of what's possible and creating exciting new
possibilities. From video games and movies to design and
scientific research, computer graphics has become an integral
part of our lives. As technologies continue to advance, we can
expect even more innovative and transformative applications of
computer graphics in the years to come.

Thank
You